View Filing Data

384,275,569

566,675,697

Short-term investments

99,244,110

57,739,558

Deposits for land use rights

37,508,071

^[1],[2]

100,553,481

Other receivables

51,575,340

73,193,654

202,254,935

103,715,834

Other deposits and prepayments

169,104,827

^[2]

272,022,244

Advances to suppliers

50,976,853

36,731,393

Real estate properties under development (including real estate properties under development of the consolidated variable interest entities ("Consolidated VIEs") to be used only to settle obligations of the Consolidated VIEs of US$154,339,321 and US$159,972,564 as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, respectively)

710,504,204

^[2]

840,393,193

3,694,816,558

^[2]

1,996,000,653

Amounts due from related parties

16,989,638

^[3]

136,286,655

125,662,072

Amounts due from employees

3,307,123

2,174,302

Other current assets

657,444

798,920

Total current assets

6,624,680,020

5,070,212,481

Real estate properties held for lease, net

286,689,309

277,933,313

Deposits for land use rights

22,670,254

22,956,138

Property and equipment, net

30,378,427

32,385,860

Long-term investment

842,507,798

829,773,150

Amounts due from related parties

142,772,040

^[4]

82,006,132

30,020,339

24,665,944

Other assets

169,102,233

44,501,252

TOTAL ASSETS

8,148,820,420

6,384,434,270

Current liabilities

Accounts payable and notes payable (including accounts payable and notes payable of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$2,454,089 and US$ 2,575,867 as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, respectively)

491,159,045

690,839,190

167,337,897

247,758,295

2,639,504,497

^[2]

438,341,713

Other payables and accrued liabilities (including other payables and accrued liabilities of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$2,990,885 and US$1,098,523 as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, respectively)

114,877,861

^[2]

169,839,336

266,546,596

^[2]

300,118,332

Payroll and welfare payable (including payroll and welfare payable of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of 102,316 and US$95,778 as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, respectively)

10,287,963

31,445,229

Current portion of long-term bank loans and other debt

1,690,378,817

1,648,233,254

Current maturities of capital lease obligations

5,058,979

4,472,386

Mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests

15,852,553

15,593,340

Amounts due to related parties

119,189,789

128,178,423

Total current liabilities

5,520,193,997

3,674,819,498

Long-term bank loans

297,524,408

11,018,946

Other long-term debt

1,430,226,294

1,404,814,439

Unrecognized tax benefits

141,404,450

^[4]

164,203,580

31,231,376

Capital lease obligations, net of current maturities

8,407,725

11,415,344

Amounts due to related parties

30,964,004

29,917,961

Total liabilities

7,459,952,254

5,327,421,144

Commitments and contingencies

Shareholders’ equity

Common shares, US$0.0001 par value: Authorized-500,000,000 shares; shares issued and outstanding-128,846,618 shares as of June 30, 2018 (December 31, 2017: 129,578,676 shares)

16,399

16,314

Treasury shares

(70,756,579)

(67,792,368)

Additional paid-in capital

546,237,704

543,338,206

Statutory reserves

105,847,778

105,660,269

80,619,205

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

382,123,692

Total Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders' equity

8,249,506

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

29,225,736

670,214,013

992,571,849

Non-controlling interest

18,654,153

64,441,277

Total equity

688,868,166

1,057,013,126

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

$ 8,148,820,420

$ 6,384,434,270

[1]	Real estate management services income In light of ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, the Group reassessed its exposure to credit risk for the services that will be transferred to the customer, specifically, evaluating the customer’s ability and intention to pay the contract consideration when it is due. As a result of this evaluation, the Group will recognize revenue in the amount to which the Group has a right to invoice and corresponds directly with the value of performance completed. Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased accounts receivable, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$2.6 million, US$0.1 million and US$1.9 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased accounts receivable, accumulated other comprehensive income, revenue and retained earnings by US$6.4 million, US$0.1 million US$4.0 million and US$5.9 million, respectively.
[2]	Real estate sales A significant portion of the Group’s revenue is derived from real estate sales of development properties in the PRC. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Group recognizes revenue using the percentage-of-completion ("POC”) method on the sale of individual units when (i) construction is beyond a preliminary stage; and (ii) the buyer is committed to the extent of being unable to require a refund except for non-delivery of the unit; and (iii) sufficient units have already been sold to assure that the entire property will not revert to rental property; and (iv) sales prices are collectible; and (iv) aggregate sales proceeds and costs can be reasonably estimated. Under ASC 606, to recognize revenue over time similar to the POC method, contractual provisions need to provide the Group with an enforceable right to payment. Historically, the Group’s contracts did not include an enforceable right to payment. For all contracts executed starting from January 1, 2018, the Group modified certain terms to establish an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, including a reasonable profit. Under ASC 606, the Group recognizes revenue on an “over time” basis prospectively for these new contracts by using cost inputs to measure progress towards the completion of the performance obligation. Upon adoption of ASC 606, for those contracts that did not include enforceable right to payment terms, revenue is recognized at a point in time when title to the property is transferred to the buyer. Therefore, real estate properties development completed and real estate properties under development increased by US$35,1 million and US$1,176.1 million, respectively, accounts receivable decreased by US$91.1 million, other deposit and prepayment increased by US$24.5 million, other payables and accrued liabilities increased by US$0,8 million, customer deposits increased by US$1,602.0 million, income tax payable decreased by US$18.5 million, accumulated other comprehensive income decreased by US$10.9 million and retained earnings decreased by US$320.2 million as of January 1, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased real estate properties development completed and real estate properties under development by US$163.5 million and US$1,366.1 million, decreased accounts receivable by US$23.7 million, increased other deposits and prepayments by US$26.6 million, increased other payable and accrued liabilities by US$0.5 million, increased customer deposits by US$1,984.8 million, decreased income tax payable by US$15.9million, decreased accumulated other comprehensive income by US$7.0 million, decreased revenue by US$366.1 million, decreased cost of revenue by US$363.4 million and decreased retained earnings by US$322.9 million. For real estate sales of development properties in the U.S., under ASC 605 and 606, revenue was recognized at a point in time upon meeting relevant revenue recognition criteria, which is generally when title to the property is transferred to the buyer.
[3]	Incremental cost to obtain a contract The Group pays sales commission to its real estate sales agencies for each real estate sales contract. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Group immediately expensed sales commissions (included under selling and distribution expense) when incurred. Under ASC 606, the Group assessed that sales commission to its real estate sales agencies qualified as an incremental cost of obtaining a contract with customer. Therefore, upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased contract assets, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$15.6 million, US$0.4 million and US$11.3 million, respectively, as of 1 January 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased contract assets, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$17.0 million, US$0.2 million and US$13.0 million, respectively, and decreased selling and distribution expenses by US$1.7 million.
[4]	Income taxes The tax effects of the adjustments at the applicable statutory tax rates were also reflected. Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased deferred tax assets by US$68.2 million, decreased deferred tax liabilities by US$36.1 million and increased retained earnings by US$104.3 million as of 1 January 2018. And the Group increased deferred tax assets by US$1.9 million, decreased deferred tax liabilities by US$99.8 million, increased income taxes by US$1.3 million, increased accumulated other comprehensive income by US$0.1 million and increased retained earnings by US$100.3 million as of June 30, 2018.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($)

Jun. 30, 2018

Dec. 31, 2017

Accounts payable and notes payable

$ 3,694,816,558

^[1]

$ 1,996,000,653

491,159,045

690,839,190

Payroll and welfare payables

266,546,596

^[1]

300,118,332

$ 10,287,963

$ 31,445,229

Common stock, par value per share

$ 0.0001

Common stock, shares authorized

500,000,000

Common stock, shares issued

128,846,618

129,578,676

Common stock, shares outstanding

128,846,618

129,578,676

Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary, Aggregated Disclosure [Member]

Accounts payable and notes payable

$ 159,972,564

$ 154,339,321

2,575,867

2,454,089

Payroll and welfare payables

1,098,523

2,990,885

$ 95,778

$ 102,316

[1]

Real estate sales A significant portion of the Group’s revenue is derived from real estate sales of development properties in the PRC. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Group recognizes revenue using the percentage-of-completion ("POC”) method on the sale of individual units when (i) construction is beyond a preliminary stage; and (ii) the buyer is committed to the extent of being unable to require a refund except for non-delivery of the unit; and (iii) sufficient units have already been sold to assure that the entire property will not revert to rental property; and (iv) sales prices are collectible; and (iv) aggregate sales proceeds and costs can be reasonably estimated. Under ASC 606, to recognize revenue over time similar to the POC method, contractual provisions need to provide the Group with an enforceable right to payment. Historically, the Group’s contracts did not include an enforceable right to payment. For all contracts executed starting from January 1, 2018, the Group modified certain terms to establish an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, including a reasonable profit. Under ASC 606, the Group recognizes revenue on an “over time” basis prospectively for these new contracts by using cost inputs to measure progress towards the completion of the performance obligation. Upon adoption of ASC 606, for those contracts that did not include enforceable right to payment terms, revenue is recognized at a point in time when title to the property is transferred to the buyer. Therefore, real estate properties development completed and real estate properties under development increased by US$35,1 million and US$1,176.1 million, respectively, accounts receivable decreased by US$91.1 million, other deposit and prepayment increased by US$24.5 million, other payables and accrued liabilities increased by US$0,8 million, customer deposits increased by US$1,602.0 million, income tax payable decreased by US$18.5 million, accumulated other comprehensive income decreased by US$10.9 million and retained earnings decreased by US$320.2 million as of January 1, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased real estate properties development completed and real estate properties under development by US$163.5 million and US$1,366.1 million, decreased accounts receivable by US$23.7 million, increased other deposits and prepayments by US$26.6 million, increased other payable and accrued liabilities by US$0.5 million, increased customer deposits by US$1,984.8 million, decreased income tax payable by US$15.9million, decreased accumulated other comprehensive income by US$7.0 million, decreased revenue by US$366.1 million, decreased cost of revenue by US$363.4 million and decreased retained earnings by US$322.9 million. For real estate sales of development properties in the U.S., under ASC 605 and 606, revenue was recognized at a point in time upon meeting relevant revenue recognition criteria, which is generally when title to the property is transferred to the buyer.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Jun. 30, 2017

Revenue:

Real estate sales, net of sales taxes of US$6,721,058 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and US$5,073,074 for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

$ 488,572,840

$ 746,338,113

Real estate management services income

32,883,035

16,793,921

Real estate lease income

5,148,110

4,592,865

Other revenue

3,325,118

1,153,429

Cost of real estate sales

529,929,103

^[1],[2]

768,878,328

Cost of revenue:

(353,134,236)

(578,883,729)

Cost of real estate management services

(19,406,939)

(13,149,916)

Cost of real estate lease income

(6,500,848)

(4,454,101)

Other costs

(2,804,083)

(1,901,483)

(381,846,106)

^[2]

(598,389,229)

148,082,997

170,489,099

General and administrative expenses

(26,309,462)

^[3]

(28,558,928)

(60,480,565)

(54,839,800)

Operating income

61,292,970

87,090,371

Interest income

13,449,829

6,973,766

Interest expense

(54,488,910)

(29,520,400)

Net realized gain on short-term investments

1,711,248

2,844,695

Unrealized gain/(loss) on short-term investments

(937,309)

1,777,579

Share of loss of equity investees

(4,148,530)

(508,247)

Exchange loss

(10,878,940)

(97,185)

Other income/(expense)

(829,644)

159,225

Income from operations before income taxes

5,170,714

68,719,804

Net (income)/loss attributable to non-controlling interest

(27,187,471)

^[4]

(40,525,242)

Net income/(loss)

(22,016,757)

28,194,562

4,820,750

(11,655,638)

Net income/(loss) attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders

$ (17,196,007)

$ 16,538,924

Earnings/(loss) per share:

Basic

$ (0.13)

$ 0.13

Diluted

$ (0.13)

$ 0.13

Shares used in computation:

Basic

129,606,854

128,317,210

Diluted

132,163,401

131,557,491

Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax of nil

Foreign currency translation adjustments

$ (20,976,230)

$ 23,426,959

Comprehensive income/(loss)

(42,992,987)

51,621,521

Comprehensive (income)/loss attributable to non-controlling interest

4,429,299

(12,290,819)

Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders

$ (38,563,688)

$ 39,330,702

[1]	Real estate management services income In light of ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, the Group reassessed its exposure to credit risk for the services that will be transferred to the customer, specifically, evaluating the customer’s ability and intention to pay the contract consideration when it is due. As a result of this evaluation, the Group will recognize revenue in the amount to which the Group has a right to invoice and corresponds directly with the value of performance completed. Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased accounts receivable, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$2.6 million, US$0.1 million and US$1.9 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased accounts receivable, accumulated other comprehensive income, revenue and retained earnings by US$6.4 million, US$0.1 million US$4.0 million and US$5.9 million, respectively.
[2]	Real estate sales A significant portion of the Group’s revenue is derived from real estate sales of development properties in the PRC. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Group recognizes revenue using the percentage-of-completion ("POC”) method on the sale of individual units when (i) construction is beyond a preliminary stage; and (ii) the buyer is committed to the extent of being unable to require a refund except for non-delivery of the unit; and (iii) sufficient units have already been sold to assure that the entire property will not revert to rental property; and (iv) sales prices are collectible; and (iv) aggregate sales proceeds and costs can be reasonably estimated. Under ASC 606, to recognize revenue over time similar to the POC method, contractual provisions need to provide the Group with an enforceable right to payment. Historically, the Group’s contracts did not include an enforceable right to payment. For all contracts executed starting from January 1, 2018, the Group modified certain terms to establish an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, including a reasonable profit. Under ASC 606, the Group recognizes revenue on an “over time” basis prospectively for these new contracts by using cost inputs to measure progress towards the completion of the performance obligation. Upon adoption of ASC 606, for those contracts that did not include enforceable right to payment terms, revenue is recognized at a point in time when title to the property is transferred to the buyer. Therefore, real estate properties development completed and real estate properties under development increased by US$35,1 million and US$1,176.1 million, respectively, accounts receivable decreased by US$91.1 million, other deposit and prepayment increased by US$24.5 million, other payables and accrued liabilities increased by US$0,8 million, customer deposits increased by US$1,602.0 million, income tax payable decreased by US$18.5 million, accumulated other comprehensive income decreased by US$10.9 million and retained earnings decreased by US$320.2 million as of January 1, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased real estate properties development completed and real estate properties under development by US$163.5 million and US$1,366.1 million, decreased accounts receivable by US$23.7 million, increased other deposits and prepayments by US$26.6 million, increased other payable and accrued liabilities by US$0.5 million, increased customer deposits by US$1,984.8 million, decreased income tax payable by US$15.9million, decreased accumulated other comprehensive income by US$7.0 million, decreased revenue by US$366.1 million, decreased cost of revenue by US$363.4 million and decreased retained earnings by US$322.9 million. For real estate sales of development properties in the U.S., under ASC 605 and 606, revenue was recognized at a point in time upon meeting relevant revenue recognition criteria, which is generally when title to the property is transferred to the buyer.
[3]	Incremental cost to obtain a contract The Group pays sales commission to its real estate sales agencies for each real estate sales contract. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Group immediately expensed sales commissions (included under selling and distribution expense) when incurred. Under ASC 606, the Group assessed that sales commission to its real estate sales agencies qualified as an incremental cost of obtaining a contract with customer. Therefore, upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased contract assets, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$15.6 million, US$0.4 million and US$11.3 million, respectively, as of 1 January 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased contract assets, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$17.0 million, US$0.2 million and US$13.0 million, respectively, and decreased selling and distribution expenses by US$1.7 million.
[4]	Income taxes The tax effects of the adjustments at the applicable statutory tax rates were also reflected. Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased deferred tax assets by US$68.2 million, decreased deferred tax liabilities by US$36.1 million and increased retained earnings by US$104.3 million as of 1 January 2018. And the Group increased deferred tax assets by US$1.9 million, decreased deferred tax liabilities by US$99.8 million, increased income taxes by US$1.3 million, increased accumulated other comprehensive income by US$0.1 million and increased retained earnings by US$100.3 million as of June 30, 2018.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Real estate sales taxes	$ 5,073,074	$ 6,721,058

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income/(loss)	$ (22,016,757)	$ 28,194,562
Adjustments to reconcile net income/(loss) to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	7,011,269	6,887,338
Stock-based compensation expenses	1,880,753	2,266,757
Deferred tax expense/(benefit)	(110,514,444)	9,190,815
Amortization of deferred charges	6,810,072	2,775,738
Share of loss of equity investees	4,148,530	508,247
Exchange loss	10,878,940	97,185
Net realized gain on short-term investments	(1,711,248)	(2,844,695)
Unrealized (gain)/loss on short-term investments	937,309	(1,777,579)	$ (2,095,979)
Proceeds from disposal of trading securities	57,621,337	577,866,769
Purchase of trading securities	(97,529,578)	(583,492,828)
Others	5,228,000	181,913
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	64,225,886	6,121,326
Real estate properties development completed	126,893,388	87,425,687
Real estate properties under development	(1,860,822,075)	(190,999,510)
Contract assets	(17,654,975)	0
Real estate properties held for lease	(16,848,972)	(31,019,439)
Advances to suppliers	(15,231,889)	(10,206,454)
Other receivables	22,204,890	(4,982,595)
Deposits for land use rights	(327,744,317)	(25,894,715)
Other deposits and prepayments	86,806,903	44,850,418
Other current assets	2,392,165	(653,641)
Amounts due from related parties	(17,836,654)	(6,790,212)
Amounts due from employees	(1,205,396)	(835,920)
Other assets	(128,236,919)	(14,448,652)
Accounts payable	(198,772,451)	(53,622,472)
Customer deposits	2,292,637,839	18,935,748
Income tax payable	(54,793,960)	(20,372,658)
Other payables and accrued liabilities	(30,249,427)	40,843,728
Payroll and welfare payable	(18,057,000)	(7,948,831)
Net cash used in operating activities	(229,548,781)	(129,743,970)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Disposal of properties held for lease and property and equipment	287,410	159,353
Purchase of property and equipment	(2,864,929)	(2,673,991)
Acquisition of long-term investments	(169,360,954)	(8,780,788)
Return of capital	158,634,902	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(13,303,571)	(11,295,426)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	751,493	185,815
Purchase of shares under Restricted Stock Unit ("RSU") plan	(3,821,269)	0
Purchase of treasury shares	(2,964,211)	(11,855,780)
Dividends to shareholders	(13,074,848)	(13,674,234)
Amounts due to related parties	(9,862,562)	1,314,496
Repayments of short-term bank loans and current portion of long-term bank loans	(100,698,972)	(14,868,503)
Proceeds from short-term bank loans and current portion of long-term bank loans	93,009,503	26,367,481
Repayment of long-term bank loans	(17,977,316)	(1,403,019)
Proceeds from long-term bank loans	304,856,885	170,375,060
Repayment of other short-term debt	(390,331,195)	(364,240,569)
Proceeds from other short-term debt	189,375,319	428,837,561
Repayment of other long-term debt	(500,000)	(60,018,729)
Proceeds from other long-term debt	231,377,094	342,318,842
Deferred charges	(10,907,143)	(13,215,796)
Capital lease payments	(3,119,539)	(2,021,892)
Distribution to non-controlling interests	(35,846,020)	0
Capital injection from non-controlling interests	31,637,196	0
Repayment of mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests	0	(12,731,957)
Proceeds from mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests	0	12,734,867
Net cash provided by financing activities	261,904,415	488,103,643
NET INCREASE IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH	19,052,063	347,064,247
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(28,824,978)	21,318,322
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, at beginning of period	1,461,227,177	906,743,437	906,743,437
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH, AT END OF PERIOD	1,451,454,262	1,275,126,006	1,461,227,177
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION ON CASH FLOWS
Cash and cash equivalents	1,067,178,693	953,511,338	894,551,480
Restricted cash	384,275,569	321,614,668	$ 566,675,697
Non-cash investing activities
Acquisition of long-term investments included in other deposit and prepayments	$ (16,956,766)	$ 0

Background information of business and organization

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Background information of business and organization [Abstract]

Background information of business and organization

1. Background information of business and organization

Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Group”) are principally engaged in residential real estate development and the provision of property management services. The Group’s operations are conducted mainly in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). In 2012, the Group expanded its business into the U.S. residential real estate market.

As of June 30, 2018, subsidiaries of the Company and its consolidated variable interest entities were unchanged from December 31, 2017 except for the following entities:

Company Name	Registered Place and Date of Incorporation	Registered Capital		Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group		Principal Activities
Subsidiary companies:
Suzhou Yefang Real Estate Co., Limited. (“Suzhou Yefang”) (Note 15) (1)	PRC April 14, 2017	RMB	100,000,000	20	%	Real estate development

Suzhou Yuxi Real Estate Co., Limited. (“Suzhou Yuxi”) (Note 15) (2)	PRC March 5, 2018	RMB	100,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Qingdao Jinguang Property Management development Co., Ltd. (“Qingdao Jinguang”) (Note 15) (3)	PRC November 6, 2001	RMB	1,000,000	60	%	Property management services

Wuhan Yinghexin Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Wuhan Yinghexin”) (4)	PRC January 15, 2014	RMB	100,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Jinan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.(“Jinan Quansheng”) (5)	PRC May 25, 2018	RMB	50,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

(1) Acquired on June 6, 2018.

(2) Acquired on June 6, 2018. The Company indirectly controls Suzhou Yuxi through its subsidiary, Suzhou Yefang, which owns 100% equity interest in Suzhou Yuxi.

(3) Acquired on May 9, 2018.

(4) Acquired on May 18, 2018.

(5) Established on May 25, 2018

Summary of significant accounting policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Summary of significant accounting policies [Abstract]

Summary of significant accounting policies

2.	Summary of significant accounting policies

(a) Basis of presentation and consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All inter-company transactions and balances between the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Group have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information using accounting policies that are consistent with those used in the preparation of the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017, except for the adoption of new standards of ASC 606. Accordingly, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for annual financial statements.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, operating results and cash flows of the Company for each of the periods presented. The results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any other interim period or for the full year of 2018. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for annual financial statements. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017.

Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group and cease to be consolidated from the date on which control is transferred out of the Group. Where there is a loss of control of a subsidiary, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the results for the part of the reporting year during which the Group has control.

Ruihao Rongtong, with registered capital of US$37.6 million (RMB250.0 million), was invested in by the Company on May 6, 2015, for the purpose of undertaking a residential property development project in Beijing. On March 1, 2016, June 28, 2016 and September 18, 2016, an unrelated trustee company, Ping’an trust Co., Ltd. (“Ping’an trust”) purchased 20%, 5% and 10% of the Company’s equity interest in Ruihao Rongtong, respectively, and loaned US$124.3 million (RMB862.5 million) in aggregate to the Group. On February 28, 2017, the Company repurchased the 35% equity interest of Ruihao Rongtong from Ping’an trust. On May 23, 2017, Ping’an trust subsequently repurchased back 35% of the Company’s equity interest in Ruihao Rongtong, and loaned US$246.8 million (RMB1.61 billion) in aggregate to the Group (Note 8). As of June 30, 2018, Ruihao Rongtong had one project under construction. Pursuant to the share purchase agreement, the 35% of non-controlling equity interest of Ruihao Rongtong will be repurchased by the Company in cash at the earlier of the second anniversary date, or the date the Company elects to repurchase the 35% equity interest of Ruihao Rongtong. Therefore, the non-controlling interest is mandatorily redeemable and is accounted for as liability in accordance with ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. In addition, since the Company planned to repurchase the 35% equity interest of Ruihao Rongtong within the next 12 months, the liability is classified as current liability as of June 30, 2018.

In accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation, Ruihao Rongtong as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) as it was not established with sufficient equity at risk to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company is considered as the primary beneficiary of Ruihao Rongtong, as it has the power to direct the activities of Ruihao Rongtong that most significantly impact their economic performance and has the obligation to absorb the losses and the right to receive benefits from Ruihao Rongtong through its voting interest underlying its 65% equity interest in accordance with PRC Law and the articles of association of Ruihao Rongtong. Based on the above, Ruihao Rongtong is consolidated by the Company.

The carrying amounts and classifications of the assets and liabilities of the VIE are as follows:

	December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018
	US$		US$
	(Audited)		(Unaudited)
Current assets		160,889,349		166,600,007
Non-current assets		287,409		270,409

Total assets		161,176,758		166,870,416

Current liabilities		132,170,781		141,066,656
Non-current liabilities		—		—

Total liabilities		132,170,781		141,066,656

The financial performance and cash flows of the VIE are as follows:

	Six months ended June 30,
	2017		2018
	US$		US$
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Revenue		—		—
Cost of revenue		—		—
Net loss		(1,338,996)		(2,952,251)
Net cash used in operating activities		(5,763,624)		(6,727,117)
Net cash used in investing activities		—		—
Net cash (used in)/ provided by financing activities		(3,036,391)		6,779,704

As of June 30, 2018, the current liabilities of the VIE included amounts due to subsidiaries of the Group of US$137,296,488 (December 31, 2017: US$126,623,561), which was eliminated upon consolidation by the Company.

As of June 30, 2018, the land use rights included in real estate properties under development of the VIE of US$153,842,685 (December 31, 2017: US$155,782,729) were pledged as collateral for other debt. Creditors of the VIE have no recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary.

The VIE contributed nil of the Company’s consolidated revenues for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2017 and 2018.

(b)

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes, and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the selection of the useful lives of property and equipment and capital lease, allowance for doubtful debt associated with accounts receivable, other receivables, deposit for land use rights, other deposits and prepayments and advances to suppliers, revenue recognition for percentage of completion method, accounting for the share-based compensation, classification of financial instruments, accounting for mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests, accounting for deferred income taxes, impairment of real estate properties under development, real estate properties held for lease and long-term investments, and provision necessary for contingent liabilities. Management analyzed the forecasted cash flows for the twelve months from September 28, 2018, which indicates that the Group will have sufficient liquidity from cash flows generated by operations and existing credit facilities and therefore will be sufficient financial resources to settle borrowings and payables that will be due in the next twelve months. Management believes that the estimates utilized in preparing its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

(c)

Foreign currency translation

The Group’s financial information is presented in U.S. dollars. The functional currency of the Company is U.S. dollars. The functional currency of the Company’s subsidiaries in the PRC is Renminbi (“RMB”), the currency of the PRC. The functional currency of the Company’s subsidiaries in Malaysia is Malaysian Ringgit (“MYR”), the currency of the Malaysia. The functional currency of the Company’s subsidiaries other than those in the PRC and Malaysia is U.S. dollars. Transactions by the Company’s subsidiaries which are denominated in currencies other than RMB are remeasured into RMB at the exchange rate quoted by the People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) prevailing on the dates of the transactions. Exchange gains and losses resulting from transactions denominated in a currency other than RMB are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income as exchange gains or losses. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries have been translated into U.S. dollars in accordance with ASC 830, Foreign Currency Matters. The PRC subsidiaries’ financial information is first prepared in RMB and then is translated into U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates as to assets and liabilities and average exchange rates as to revenue and expenses. Capital accounts are translated at their historical exchange rates when the capital transactions occurred.

The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity.

	June 30, 2017		December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)		(Unaudited)
Period end RMB: US$ exchange rate		6.7744		6.5342		6.6166
Period average RMB: US$ exchange rate		6.8709		6.7547		6.3673

RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currency and all foreign exchange transactions must take place through authorized institutions. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at the rates used in translation.

(d)

Effect of change in estimate

Revisions in estimated gross profit margins related to estimated costs and revenues are made in the period in which circumstances requiring the revisions become known. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, real estate development projects (Chengdu Thriving Family, Changsha Xinyuan Splendid, Sanya Yazhou Bay No.1, Tianjin Spring Royal Palace), which recognized gross profit in 2017, had changes in their estimated gross profit margins. As the unit sales and selling prices were on an upward trend during the period ended June 30, 2018, the Group revised upwards its prior estimates related to selling prices and total estimated sales values in conjunction with the change in total estimated costs. As a result of the changes in estimate above, gross profit, net income and basic and diluted earnings per share increased by US$10.6 million, US$8.0 million, US$0.06 per share, and US$0.06 per share, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

(e)

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 modifies existing guidance for off-balance sheet treatment of lessees’ operating leases by requiring lessees to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. Under ASU 2016-02, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating this guidance and the impact to the Company, as both lessor and lessee, on the consolidated financial statements. The Company expects to recognize right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities on the balance sheet upon adoption, which will increase total assets and liabilities.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairment by eliminating Step two from the goodwill impairment test. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss shall be recognized in an amount equal to that excess, versus determining an implied fair value in Step two to measure the impairment loss. The guidance is effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed in periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for all entities for annual and interim goodwill impairment testing dates on or after January 1, 2017. The guidance should be applied on a prospective basis. The Company does not believe this standard will have a material impact on the results of operations or financial condition.

On February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, "Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”)." The ASU and its amendments were issued as a result of the enactment of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The amendments of this ASU address the available options to reclassify stranded tax effects within AOCI to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the change (or portion thereof) is recorded. Additionally, the ASU outlines the disclosure requirements for releasing income tax effects from AOCI. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The ASU should be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recognized. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU No. 2018-02 on the consolidated financial condition and results of operations.

(f)

Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

Real estate sales

Revenues arising from real estate sales are recognized when or as the control of the asset is transferred to the customer. Depending on the terms of the contract and the laws that apply to the contract, control of the asset may transfer over time or at a point in time.

For real estate sales contracts for which the Group has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, revenue is recognized over time by measuring the progress towards complete satisfaction of that performance obligation. Otherwise, revenue is recognized at a point in time when the customer obtains control of the asset. The progress towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation is measured based on the Group’s efforts or inputs to the satisfaction of the performance obligation, by reference to the contract costs incurred up to the end of reporting period as a percentage of total estimated costs for each contract.

For the remaining real estate sales contracts, revenue is recognized when the customer obtains the physical possession, the legal title, or the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the assets and the Group has present right to payment and the collection of the consideration is probable.

Generally, the Group receives short-term advances from its customers for real estate sales. Using the practical expedient in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606”), the Group does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if it expects, at contract inception, that the period between the transfer of the promised good or service to the customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less. The Group also receives long-term advances from customers for real estate sales. The transaction price for such contracts is adjusted for the effects of a financing component, if long-term advances from customers is assessed as significant at the individual contract level.

Real estate management services income

Real estate management services income is recognized in the accounting period in which the services are rendered. The Group bills a fixed amount periodically for service provided and recognizes as revenue in the amount to which the Group has a right to invoice and corresponds directly with the value of performance completed.

Real estate management lease income

Real estate lease income is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the tenancy agreements. For real estate leases, these contracts are treated as leases for accounting purposes, rather than contracts with customers subject to ASC 606.

Other revenue

Other revenue includes services ancillary to the Group’s real estate projects, including landscaping and computer network engineering. Landscaping and computer network engineering income is recognized when services are provided as the customer simultaneously benefits from the services as they are performed.

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, revenue is recognized and disaggregated by major source as below:

	US$
	(Unaudited)
Real estate sales		488,572,840
Real estate management services income		32,883,035
Other revenue		3,325,118
Revenue from contracts with customers		524,780,993

Real estate lease income		5,148,110

Total revenue		529,929,103

Contract balances

Contract assets

The Group pays sales commission to its real estate sales agencies for each real estate sales contract. The Group has elected to apply the optional practical expedient for costs to obtain a contract which allows the Group to immediately expense sales commissions (included under selling and distribution expenses) because the amortization period of the asset that the Group otherwise would have used is one year or less. For incremental costs of obtaining real estate sales contracts that extend beyond a one year period, these incremental costs of obtaining real estate sales contracts are recognized as an assets if amounts are collectible.

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable represents the Group’s right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e., only the passage of time is required before payment of the consideration is due). The Group’s accounts receivable comprises of amounts due from customers under real estate sales and management services contracts.

Contract liabilities

A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Group has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Group transfers goods or services to the customer, a contract liability is recognized when the payment is made or the payment is due (whichever is earlier). The Group’s contract liabilities are comprised of customer deposits, which are recognized as revenue when the Group performs under the contract.

The following table presents the Group’s contract balances as of June 30, 2018 and January 1, 2018:

	June 30,2018		January 1,2018
	US$’000		US$’000
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Accounts receivables		37,508		12,035
Contract assets		16,990		15,576
Customer deposits		2,639,504		2,040,386

The following table presents the amount of revenue recognized from:

	June 30, 2018
	US$’000
	(Unaudited)
Amounts included in the customer deposits balance at the beginning of the year		94,576

Impact of adoption of ASC 606

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)(“ASU No. 2014-09”). Subsequent to the issuance of ASU 2014-09, the FASB has issued several ASUs such as ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, and ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients among others. These ASUs have the same effective date as ASU 2014-09. All guidance is collectively referred to as ASC 606, which supersedes ASC 605, Revenue Recognition.

ASC 606 requires an entity to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASC 606 creates a five-step model that requires entities to exercise judgment when considering the terms of the contract(s) which include (i) identifying the contract(s) with the customer, (ii) identifying the separate performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determining the transaction price, (iv) allocating the transaction price to the separate performance obligations, and (v) recognizing revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied. ASC 606 also specifies the accounting for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract and the costs directly related to fulfilling a contract. In addition, ASC 606 requires extensive disclosures.

The Group adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach, applying the adoption only to contracts not completed as of the date of adoption, with no restatement of comparative periods, and a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings recognized as of the date of adoption.

The effect of adopting ASC 606 as at January 1, 2018 was, as follows:

		As of January 1, 2018
		US$’000(Unaudited)
	Reference	As previously reported		Effects of the adoption of ASC606		Restated
		US$’000		US$’000		US$’000
Consolidated balance sheet(extract)
Real estate properties development completed	(a)		840,393		35,132		875,525
Real estate properties under development	(a)		1,996,001		1,176,120		3,172,121
Accounts receivable	(a),(b)		100,553		(88,518)		12,035
Contract assets	(c)		-		15,576		15,576
Other deposit and prepayment	(a)		272,022		24,453		296,475
Deferred tax assets	(d)		82,006		68,159		150,165
Other payables and accrued liabilities	(a)		300,118		830		300,948
Customer deposits	(a)		438,342		1,602,044		2,040,386
Deferred tax liabilities	(d)		164,204		(36,064)		128,140
Income tax payable	(a)		169,839		(18,495)		151,344
Retained earnings	(a),(b),(c),(d)		382,124		(271,046)		111,078
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(a),(b),(c),(d)		29,226		(9,198)		20,028
Non-controlling interest	(Note 15)		64,441		(37,149)		27,292

Set out below, are the amounts by which each financial statement line item is affected as of and for the six months ended June 30,2018 as a result of the adoption of ASC 606. The adoption of ASC 606 did not have a material impact to the Group’s operating, investing and financing cash flows. The first column shows what the amounts would have been had ASC 606 not been adopted and the third column shows amounts prepared under ASC 606 with effects of the adoption of ASC 606 as stated in the second column:

		As of June 30, 2018
		US$’000(Unaudited)
	Reference	Amounts without the adoption of ASC606		Effects of the adoption of ASC606		Amounts as reported
Condensed consolidated balance sheets (extract)
Real estate properties development completed	(a)		546,970		163,534		710,504
Real estate properties under development	(a)		2,328,697		1,366,120		3,694,817
Accounts receivable	(a),(b)		54,762		(17,254)		37,508
Contract assets	(c)		-		16,990		16,990
Other deposits and prepayments	(a)		142,501		26,604		169,105
Deferred tax assets	(d)		140,899		1,873		142,772
Customer deposits	(a)		654,703		1,984,801		2,639,504
Other payable and accrued liabilities	(a)		266,040		507		266,547
Deferred tax liabilities	(d)		241,199		(99,795)		141,404
Income tax payable	(a)		130,764		(15,886)		114,878
Non-controlling interest	(Note 15)		54,915		(36,261)		18,654
Retained earnings	(a),(b),(c),(d)		350,443		(269,824)		80,619
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(a),(b),(c),(d)		13,925		(5,675)		8,250

Condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income (extract)
Revenue	(a),(b)		892,075		(362,146)		529,929
Cost of revenue	(a)		(745,253)		363,407		(381,846)
Selling and distribution expenses	(c)		(27,980)		1,671		(26,309)
Income taxes	(d)		(25,919)		(1,268)		(27,187)
Net loss			(23,681)		1,664		(22,017)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest	(Note 15)		5,263		(442)		4,821
Net loss attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders			(18,418)		1,222		(17,196)

The nature of the adjustments as at January 1, 2018 and the reasons for the significant changes in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2018 and the condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the six months ended June 30, 2018 are described below:

(a)Real estate sales

A significant portion of the Group’s revenue is derived from real estate sales of development properties in the PRC. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Group recognizes revenue using the percentage-of-completion ("POC”) method on the sale of individual units when (i) construction is beyond a preliminary stage; and (ii) the buyer is committed to the extent of being unable to require a refund except for non-delivery of the unit; and (iii) sufficient units have already been sold to assure that the entire property will not revert to rental property; and (iv) sales prices are collectible; and (iv) aggregate sales proceeds and costs can be reasonably estimated. Under ASC 606, to recognize revenue over time similar to the POC method, contractual provisions need to provide the Group with an enforceable right to payment. Historically, the Group’s contracts did not include an enforceable right to payment. For all contracts executed starting from January 1, 2018, the Group modified certain terms to establish an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, including a reasonable profit. Under ASC 606, the Group recognizes revenue on an “over time” basis prospectively for these new contracts by using cost inputs to measure progress towards the completion of the performance obligation. Upon adoption of ASC 606, for those contracts that did not include enforceable right to payment terms, revenue is recognized at a point in time when title to the property is transferred to the buyer. Therefore, real estate properties development completed and real estate properties under development increased by US$35.1 million and US$1,176.1 million, respectively, accounts receivable decreased by US$91.1 million, other deposit and prepayment increased by US$24.5 million, other payables and accrued liabilities increased by US$0.8 million, customer deposits increased by US$1,602.0 million, income tax payable decreased by US$18.5 million, accumulated other comprehensive income decreased by US$10.9 million and retained earnings decreased by US$320.2 million as of January 1, 2018.

As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased real estate properties development completed and real estate properties under development by US$163.5 million and US$1,366.1 million, respectively, decreased accounts receivable by US$23.7 million, increased other deposits and prepayments by US$26.6 million, increased other payable and accrued liabilities by US$0.5 million, increased customer deposits by US$1,984.8 million, decreased income tax payable by US$15.9million, decreased accumulated other comprehensive income by US$7.0 million, decreased revenue by US$366.1 million, decreased cost of revenue by US$363.4 million and decreased retained earnings by US$322.9 million.

For real estate sales of development properties in the U.S., under ASC 605 and 606, revenue was recognized at a point in time upon meeting relevant revenue recognition criteria, which is generally when title to the property is transferred to the buyer.

(b)Real estate management services income

In light of ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, the Group reassessed its exposure to credit risk for the services that will be transferred to the customer, specifically, evaluating the customer’s ability and intention to pay the contract consideration when it is due. As a result of this evaluation, the Group will recognize revenue in the amount to which the Group has a right to invoice and corresponds directly with the value of performance completed. Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased accounts receivable, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$2.6 million, US$0.1 million and US$1.9 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2018.

As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased accounts receivable, accumulated other comprehensive income, revenue and retained earnings by US$6.4 million, US$0.1 million US$4.0 million and US$5.9 million, respectively.

(c)Incremental cost to obtain a contract

The Group pays sales commission to its real estate sales agencies for each real estate sales contract. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Group immediately expensed sales commissions (included under selling and distribution expense) when incurred. Under ASC 606, the Group assessed that sales commission to its real estate sales agencies qualified as an incremental cost of obtaining a contract with customer. Therefore, upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased contract assets, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$15.6 million, US$0.4 million and US$11.3 million, respectively, as of 1 January 2018.

As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased contract assets, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$17.0 million, US$0.2 million and US$13.0 million, respectively, and decreased selling and distribution expenses by US$1.7 million.

(d)Income taxes

The tax effects of the adjustments at the applicable statutory tax rates were also reflected. Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased deferred tax assets by US$68.2 million, decreased deferred tax liabilities by US$36.1 million, increased accumulated other comprehensive income by US$3.4 million and increased retained earnings by US$100.9 million as of 1 January 2018. And the Group increased deferred tax assets by US$1.9 million, decreased deferred tax liabilities by US$99.8 million, increased income taxes by US$1.3 million, increased accumulated other comprehensive income by US$0.1 million and increased retained earnings by US$100.3 million as of June 30, 2018.

Short-term investments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Short-term investments [Abstract]

Short-term investments

Short-term investments

The short-term investments represent investments in REITs publicly traded on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, money market instruments, publicly traded debt, equity securities, and an investment product, which are expected to be realized in cash during the next 12 months.

The Company accounts for the short-term investments in accordance with ASC subtopic 320-10, Investments-Debt and Equity Securities: Overall. The Company classified all its short-term investments as trading securities, which are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term.

ASC 820 Fair Value Measurement establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 – Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2–Include observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

ASC 820 describes three main approaches for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset.

The Company uses quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (consistent with the Level 1 definition in the fair value hierarchy) to measure the fair value of its investments on a recurring basis pursuant to ASC 820. The Company has measured the investment product at fair value on a recurring basis based on the discounted cash flow model using unobservable inputs (Level 3).

The following tables present the Company’s short-term investments measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis using the above input categories as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018:

	December 31, 2017
	US$ (Audited)
	Quoted Price in Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Input (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Input (Level 3)
Trading securities:
Debt securities		888,067		-		-
REITs		21,239,128		-		-
Money market instruments		26,577,133		-		-
Equity securities		9,035,230		-		-

Total		57,739,558		-		-

	June 30, 2018
	US$ (Unaudited)
	Quoted Price in Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Input (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Input (Level 3)
Trading securities:
REITs		19,988,652		-		-
Equity securities		3,687,946		-		-
Investment product		-		-		75,567,512

Total		23,676,598		-		75,567,512

The following table presents a reconciliation of the assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the six months ended June 30, 2018:

	US$ (Unaudited)
Balance as of December 31, 2017		-
Recognized during the year		75,567,512
Unrealized gain		-
Effect of foreign currency translation		-
Balance as of June 30, 2018 (unaudited)		75,567,512
The amount of total unrealized gain for the six months ended June 30, 2018 included in gain (unaudited)		-

The following summarizes the short-term investments measured at fair value at December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018:

	December 31, 2017
	US$ (Audited)
	Aggregate fair value		Cost		Unrealized gain in profit
Trading securities:
Debt securities		888,067		784,946		103,121
REITs		21,239,128		20,044,583		1,194,545
Money market instrument		26,577,133		26,574,990		2,143
Equity securities		9,035,230		8,239,060		796,170

Total		57,739,558		55,643,579		2,095,979

	June 30, 2018
	US$ (Unaudited)
	Aggregate fair value		Cost		Unrealized loss in profit
Trading securities:
REITs		19,988,652		20,450,551		(461,899)
Equity securities		3,687,946		4,163,356		(475,410)
Investment product		75,567,512		75,567,512		-

Total		99,244,110		100,181,419		(937,309)

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, US$1,711,248 (June 30, 2017: US$2,844,695) net realized gain and US$937,309 (June 30, 2017: US$1,777,579 unrealized gain) unrealized loss for trading securities are included in earnings.

Real estate properties development completed and under development

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Real estate properties development completed and under development [Abstract]

Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale

4.	Real estate properties development completed and under development

The following summarizes the components of real estate properties under development at December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018:

	December 31,			June 30,
	2017			2018
	US$			US$
	(Audited)			(Unaudited)
Development completed:
Zhengzhou Century East A		2,293,021			3,977,694
Suzhou International City Garden		441,934			763,455
Jinan Xinyuan Splendid		4,349,276			4,824,403
Zhengzhou Xin City		15,052,135			14,776,071
Beijing Xindo Park		52,675,024			44,193,142
Suzhou Lake Royal Palace		3,400,095			6,927,991
Xingyang Splendid I		15,528,607			16,642,591
Zhengzhou Thriving Family		16,834,270			15,175,202
Shanghai Yipin Royal Palace		90,003,702			84,889,804
New York Oosten		131,656,360			125,898,187
Chengdu Thriving Family		146,791,480			102,485,820
Sanya Yazhou Bay No.1		97,350,745			98,910,945
Xi’an Metropolitan		127,107,105			111,610,957
Kunshan Royal Palace		9,782,983			-
Jinan Xin Central		77,779,716			72,846,860
Changsha Xinyuan Splendid		49,346,740			6,581,082

Real estate properties development completed		840,393,193			710,504,204

Underdevelopment:
Current:
Xuzhou Colorful City		39,903,835			47,011,818
Xingyang Splendid II		49,848,748			36,952,154
Xingyang Splendid III		47,475,624			54,184,442
Xingyang Splendid IV		8,433,926			9,599,483
Zhengzhou Xindo Park		86,116,485			41,234,938
Jinan Royal Palace		227,113,681			297,103,105
Zhengzhou Fancy City I		43,895,304			21,122,342
Tianjin Spring Royal Palace I		26,044,650			85,023,144
Henan Xin Central I		54,380,998			44,542,549
Henan Xin Central II		68,783,659			85,978,280
Zhengzhou Fancy City II (South)		16,036,363			84,930,686
Zhengzhou Fancy City II (North)		52,672,711			62,014,286
Kunshan Xindo Park		84,020,974			89,899,097
Zhengzhou International New City I		173,061,962			263,272,717
Zhengzhou International New City II		135,671,000			157,446,599
Tongzhou Xinyuan Royal Palace		200,296,958			206,465,605
Changsha Mulian Royal Palace		89,289,525			101,677,999
XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd		11,135,393			11,803,837
Hudson Garden Project		84,953,745			94,467,300
Flushing Project		83,282,854			87,878,498
Changsha Furong Thriving Family		59,459,200			65,576,795
Zhengzhou International New City III A		74,241,651			79,674,714
Zhuhai Xin World		93,205,573			97,284,719
Xinyuan Chang’an Royal Palace		134,714,398			139,437,782
Kunshan Xinyu Jiayuan		137,704,916			144,945,052
Zhengzhou International New City Pending Staging		216,520,610			427,955,252
Zhengzhou Hangmei Project		42,437,196			58,489,947
Xinyuan Golden Water View City		337,850,952			379,930,614
Suzhou Yinhewan Project		42,061,346			41,367,108
Xi’an Metropolitan II		5,543,530			5,549,961
Zhengzhou International New City III B		80,790,689			81,177,016
Zhengzhou International New City III C		39,551,333			45,911,787
Zhengzhou International New City III D		31,316,650			35,688,774
Tianjin Spring Royal Palace II		42,704,121			50,994,340
Zhengzhou Fancy City III		-			73,045,937
Jinan Zhangqiu Project		-			10,322,769
Suzhou Liuyuan Project		-			36,843,487
Wuhan New Project		-			114,123,333

		2,920,520,560			3,770,928,266
Profit recognized		396,756,891			25,484,914
Progress billings		(1,321,276,798	)		(101,596,622	)

Total real estate properties under development		1,996,000,653			3,694,816,558

Total real estate properties development completed and under development		2,836,393,846			4,405,320,762

As of June 30, 2018, land use rights included in the real estate properties under development totaled US$2,367,872,202 (December 31, 2017: US$1,761,525,629).

As of June 30, 2018, land use rights with an aggregate net book value of US$935,112,550 (December 31, 2017: US$908,833,863) were pledged as collateral for certain bank loans and other debts.

Long-term investment

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Long-term Investments [Abstract]

Long-term investment

Long-term investment

As of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, the long-term investment consisted of the following:

	Initial Cost		Ownership			December 31, 2017
	US$					US$
Cost method investees
Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd.		241,648		1.85	%		241,648
Zhengzhou Taike Real Estate Co., Ltd.		738,073		3.75	%		738,073
Equity method investee
Shenzhen Zhong An Financial Lease Co., Ltd.		7,639,186		25	%		8,207,136
Zhengzhou Xinci Health Service Co. Ltd.		1,290,135		60	%		1,202,661
Shenzhen Qianhai Jingjie City Renewal Investment Partnership (limited partnership)		8,118,800		n/a			8,118,800
Qingdao Huiju Zhihui City Industrial Development Co., Ltd.		413,210,492		49	%		412,593,226
Wuhu Penghong Investment Center (Limited Partnership)		30,608,185		n/a			30,608,185
Wuhu Penghua Tenth Investment Center (Limited Partnership)		367,298,216		n/a			367,298,216
Chengdu Xinyuan Renju Enterprise management Co., Ltd.		765,205		10	%		765,205
Total							829,773,150

	Initial Cost		Ownership			June 30, 2018
	US$					US$
Cost method investees
Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Zhengzhou Lianhe”)		241,648		1.85	%		302,270
Zhengzhou Taike Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Zhengzhou Taike”)		738,073		3.75	%		755,675
Equity method investees
Shenzhen Zhong An Financial Lease Co., Ltd.		7,639,186		25	%		7,683,611
Zhengzhou Xinci Health Service Co. Ltd.		1,290,135		60	%		1,004,446
Shenzhen Qianhai Jingjie City Renewal Investment Partnership (limited partnership)		8,118,800		n/a			8,312,426
Qingdao Huiju Zhihui City Industrial Development Co., Ltd.		505,162,873		49	%		496,924,847
Wuhu Penghong Investment Center (Limited Partnership)		30,608,185		n/a			28,107,732
Wuhu Penghua Tenth Investment Center (Limited Partnership)		214,257,292		n/a			208,024,894
Chengdu Xinyuan Renju Enterprise management Co., Ltd.		765,205		10	%		755,675
Zhengzhou Jiahe Real Estate Co., Ltd		44,291,183		33.5	%		42,180,548
Suzhou Hengwan Real Estate Co., Ltd		18,613,537		16.66	%		17,487,133
Madison Developments Limited.		19,095,969		50	%		18,891,428
Henan Qingning Apartment Management Co., Ltd.		3,224,895		51	%		3,084,379
Suzhou Litai Real Estate Co., Ltd.		9,284,103		19.99	%		8,992,734
Total							842,507,798

Cost method investees

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company beneficially owned a 1.85% and 3.75% equity interest in Zhengzhou Lianhe and Zhengzhou Taike, respectively. The Company accounts for its investments in these companies under cost method of accounting. The Company adopted ASU 2016-01 and chose to measure its cost method investments which do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the Company.

The following table summarizes the movement of the Company’s investment in Zhengzhou Lianhe and Zhengzhou Taike for the six months ended June 30, 2018:

	June 30, 2018
	US$
Balance as of January 1, 2018		979,721
Impairment on cost method investments		-
Exchange translation adjustment		78,224
Balance as of June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)		1,057,945

There were no impairment indicators associated with Zhengzhou Lianhe and Zhengzhou Taike as of June 30, 2018.

Equity method investees

On January 11, 2016, the Group together with two other entities established a joint venture called Shenzhen Zhong An Financial Lease Co., Ltd. (“Shenzhen Zhong An”), in which the Group holds a 25% equity interest. The purpose of the joint venture is to undertake financial lease businesses.

On November 3, 2016, the Company together with two third parties established Zhengzhou Xinci Health Service Co., Ltd. (“Zhengzhou Xinci”) to provide health service in Zhengzhou, in which the Company holds a 60% equity interest and injected capital amounted US$1,290,135 in 2017. Based on the articles of association, Company cannot exercise control over relevant activities of the investee, but it has the ability to exercise significant influence over Zhengzhou Xinci’s operation and financial decisions and accounted for it as an equity method investment.

On January 9, 2017, the Company set up a limited partnership, Shenzhen Qianhai Jingjie City Renewal Investment Partnership (“Shenzhen Qianhai”), with third parties and made a capital injection of US$8,118,800. Shenzhen Qianhai will focus on investment in real estate renewal projects in Shenzhen city. The Company has significant influence over Shenzhen Qianhai operating and financial decisions and accounted for it as an equity method investment.

On April 19, 2017, the Company signed an agreement to acquire up to 70% equity interest of Qingdao Huiju Zhihui City Industrial Development Co., Ltd. (“Qingdao Huiju”), which is developing a real estate project in Qingdao city from Beijing Huiju Technology Industry Development Co., Ltd., a non-affiliated company for a consideration of US$505.2 million. As of June 30, 2018, US$505.2 million had been paid and a 49% equity interest has been transferred to the Company. Based on the articles of association, the Company cannot exercise control of Qingdao Huiju until it acquires the entire 70% equity interest, but has the ability to exercise significant influence over Qingdao Huiju’s operating and financial decisions and accounted for it as an equity method investment.

On September 4, 2017, the Company with two non-affiliated companies, established a limited partnership, Wuhu Penghong Investment Center (Limited Partnership) (“Wuhu Penghong”), in which the Company and the other two partners each invested US$30.6 million, US$91.8 million and US$3.1 million in cash, respectively. The other two partners hold substantive participating rights whereas the Company only exercises significant influence, and therefore, accounted for its investment in Wuhu Penghong under the equity method. On September 8, 2017, Wuhu Penghong acquired 90.57% equity interest of Guangzhou Huanglong Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Guangzhou Huanglong”) for a total cash consideration of US$19.7 million.

On December 27, 2017, the Company with a non-affiliated company, established a limited partnership, called Wuhu Penghua Tenth Investment Center (Limited Partnership) (“Wuhu Penghua”), where the Company and the other partner invested US$367.3 million and US$153.0 million in cash, respectively. In the second quarter of 2018, Wuhu Penghua refunded US$158.6 million and US$111.0 million to the Company and the other partner. The other partner holds substantive participating rights whereas the Company only exercises significant influence, and therefore, accounted for its investment in Wuhu Penghua under the equity method. In December 2017, Wuhu Penghua and the Company made capital contributions amounting to US$6.9 million and US$0.8 million, representing a 90% and 10% equity interest in Chengdu Xinyuan Renju Enterprise Management Co., Ltd. (“Chengdu Renju”), respectively. The Company exercises significant influence and accounted for its investment in Chengdu Renju using equity method.

On December 31, 2017, the Company signed an agreement to acquire up to 51% equity interest of Zhengzhou Jiahe Real Estate Co., Ltd (“Zhengzhou Jiahe”), which is developing a real estate project in Zhengzhou city from three natural persons, non-related parties for a consideration of US$117.1 million. As of June 30, 2018, US$44.3 million had been paid in exchange for 33.5% equity interest that has been transferred to the Company. Based on the articles of association, the Company cannot exercise control of Zhengzhou Jiahe, but has the ability to exercise significant influence over Zhengzhou Jiahe’s operating and financial decisions and accounted for it as an equity method investment.

On March 20, 2018, the Company acquired 16.66% equity interest in Suzhou Hengwan Real Estate Co., Ltd (“Suzhou Hengwan”), which is developing a real estate project in Suzhou city from Suzhou Hengwan Enterprise Management Consulting Co., Ltd., a non-affiliated company for a consideration of US$18.6 million. Based on the articles of association, the Company cannot exercise control of Suzhou Hengwan, but has the ability to exercise significant influence over Suzhou Hengwan’s operating and financial decisions and accounted for it as an equity method investment.

On March 21, 2018, the Company acquired 50% equity interest in Madison Developments Limited (“MDL”), which is developing a real estate project in London, England from ED Jersey Limited, a non-affiliated company for a consideration of US$19.1 million. Based on the articles of association, the Company cannot exercise control of MDL, but has the ability to exercise significant influence over MDL’s operating and financial decisions and accounts for it as an equity method investment.

On April 26, 2018, the Company acquired 51% equity interest in Henan Qingning Apartment Management Co., Ltd. (“Henan Qingning”), which is operating rental apartments in Henan Province, from one natural person and Henan Yangjian Industry Co., Ltd., a non-affiliated company, for a consideration of US$3.2 million. Based on the articles of association, the Company cannot exercise control of Henan Qingning, but has the ability to exercise significant influence over Henan Qingning’s operating and financial decisions and accounted for it as an equity method investment.

On May 31, 2018, the Company acquired 19.99% equity interest in Suzhou Litai Real Estate Co., Ltd (“Suzhou Litai”), which is developing a real estate project in Suzhou city from Yongwei Real Estate (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., a non-affiliated company, for a consideration of US$9.3 million. Based on the articles of association, the Company cannot exercise control of Suzhou Litai, but has the ability to exercise significant influence over Suzhou Litai’s operating and financial decisions and accounted for it as an equity method investment.

For the periods presented, management noted no indicators of impairment related to these investments.

Short-term bank loans and other debt

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Short-term bank loans and other debt [Abstract]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

Short-term bank loans represent amounts due to various banks and short-term other debt represent amounts due to trust companies, which are due on the dates indicated below. Short-term bank loans and other debt as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018 consisted of the following:

	December 31,		June 30,
	2017		2018
	US$		US$
Loan from The Bank of East Asia
Due June 1, 2018, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR (2)		34,421,617		-
Due June 1, 2019, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR (2)		-		34,421,617
Due September 27, 2018, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR (3)		24,294,636		24,294,636
Due January 10, 2019, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR (4)		-		3,174,803

		58,716,253		61,891,056

Loan from Huarong International Trust Co., Ltd. Limited
Due August 9, 2018, at 8.50% per annum (1)		20,522,788		-

Loan from Henan Zhongyuan Microfinance Co., Ltd.
Due July 27, 2018, at 10.00% per annum		7,652,046		7,556,687

Loan from Zhongyuan Aviation Leasing Co.,Ltd.
Due November 23, 2018, at 10.00% per annum (5)		15,304,092		15,113,502

Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd.
Due May 29, 2018, at 9.50% per annum (1)		41,933,213		-
Due November 29, 2018, at 9.50% per annum (1)		45,912,277		-
		87,845,490		-

Loan from China Huarong Asset Management Co., Ltd.Shaanxi Branch
Due December 14, 2018, at 11.50% per annum		15,304,092		15,113,502

Loan from Kunlun Trust Co., Ltd.
Due December 28, 2018, at 8.20% per annum		38,260,231		67,663,150

Uncommitted on-demand revolving facilities from Bank of China International Limited
1.00% plus LIBOR (1)		3,935,538		-
1.00% plus HIBOR (1)		217,765		-
		4,153,303		-

Total short-term bank loans and other debt		247,758,295		167,337,897

(1)	These loans were paid in full during first half year of 2018.

(2)

The loan contract with the Bank of East Asia was amended to extend the maturity date of the loan. Such amendments did not result in a debt extinguishment pursuant to ASC 470-50, Debt – Modifications and Exchanges. Pursuant to the amended loan contract, this loan is denominated in US$ and is secured by restricted cash of US$38,237,161 (December 31, 2017: US$38,719,354).

(3)	Pursuant to the agreements with the Bank of East Asia this short-term debt is denominated in US$ and is secured by restricted cash of US$25,735,272 (December 31, 2017: US$26,059,808).

(4)	Pursuant to the agreements with the Bank of East Asia this short-term debt is denominated in US$ and is secured by restricted cash of US$3,324,971 (December 31, 2017: nil).

(5)

Pursuant to the agreements with Zhongyuan Aviation Leasing Co.,Ltd. this short-term debt is secured by the Group’s 100% equity interest of Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. and the Zhengzhou Shengdao’s account receivables due from homebuyers amounting to US$16,792,923 (December 31, 2017: US$17,004,691).

As of June 30, 2018, except when otherwise indicated, the Group’s short-term bank loans and other debts were denominated in RMB and were mainly secured by the Group’s real estate properties under development with net book value of US$834,534 (December 31, 2017: US$318,402), land use rights with net book value of US$1,106,743 (December 31, 2017: US$22,192,013), account receivables due from homebuyers amounting to US$16,792,923 (December 31, 2017: US$17,004,691), the Group’s real estate properties development completed with net book value of US$8,707,420 (December 31, 2017: US$83,542,622), and the Group’s real estate properties held for lease with net book value of nil (December 31, 2017: US$102,285,772).

The weighted average interest rate on short-term bank loans and other debt as of June 30, 2018 was 6.55% (December 31, 2017: 7.67%).

Long-term bank loans

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Long-term bank loans [Abstract]

Long-term bank loans

Long-term bank loans

Long-term bank loans as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018 consisted of the following:

	December 31,		June 30,
	2017		2018
	US$		US$
Loan from Industrial and Commercial bank of China (“ICBC”)
Due December 26, 2021, at 6.175% per annum (1)		147,938,539		133,500,589
Due December 22, 2021, at 6.175% per annum (1)		73,970,800		66,753,317
Due December 30, 2021, at 6.60% per annum (1)		68,051,177		61,410,694
Due December 22, 2021, at 9.80% per annum (8)		-		55,013,149
		289,960,516		316,677,749
Loan from China Guangfa Bank
Due December 15, 2018, at 4.75% per annum (5)		8,539,683		-
Due October 20, 2019, at 6.4125% per annum (2)		14,691,929		13,058,066

		23,231,612		13,058,066
Loan from Bank of China
Due March 27, 2018, at 5.23% per annum (5)		22,956,138		-
Due July 6, 2020, at 5.46% per annum (5)		22,956,138		-
Due March 30, 2020, at 6.65% per annum (1)		-		45,340,507
		45,912,276		45,340,507

Loan from Bank of Bohai
Due March 14, 2019 at 5.415% per annum (6)		39,025,435		30,982,680

Loan from Bank of Beijing
Due February 14, 2020 at 4.75% per annum (1)		49,374,063		48,759,181

Loan from The Bank of East Asia
Due April 26, 2018, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR (5)		13,250,000		-
Due June 1, 2018, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR (4)		9,675,655		-
Due June 1, 2019, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR (3),(4)		-		9,675,654
Due June 5, 2018, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR (4)		10,000,000		-
Due June 5, 2019, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR (3),(4)		-		10,000,000
Due August 15, 2018, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR (3)		20,000,000		20,000,000
Due August 30, 2018, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR (3)		9,700,000		9,700,000
Due September 19, 2018, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR (3)		2,220,000		2,220,000

		64,845,655		51,595,654

Loan from Ping An Bank Co., Ltd.
Due May 31, 2021, at 6.8875% per annum (1)		-		90,681,014

Loan from China Construction Bank
Due April 4, 2019, at 6.175% per annum (1)		-		35,516,731
Due July 2, 2021, at 6.65% per annum(7)		-		58,942,659
Due August 31, 2021, at 7.9% per annum		-		18,136,203
		-		112,595,593
Loan from Bank of Minsheng Xi'an Branch
Due June 14, 2031, at 8.50% per annum (9)		-		66,197,141

Total		512,349,557		775,887,585
Less: current portion of long-term bank loans		(501,330,611)		(478,363,177)

Total long-term bank loans		11,018,946		297,524,408

(1)

Pursuant to the loan contracts, if the Group achieves an agreed upon sales target from the sales of the underlying real estate properties under development, the Group has an obligation to repay the loan before the maturity date. Therefore, the respective current portions of these loans have been classified as current liabilities as of June 30, 2018.

(2)

Pursuant to the agreements with China Guangfa Bank this long-term bank loan is secured by the Group’s 100% equity interest of Zhengzhou Kangshengboda Real EstateCo., Ltd. According to the repayment schedule, US$4,352,689 will be due within the next 12 months and has been classified as current liabilities as of June 30, 2018.

(3)

Pursuant to the loan contract with The Bank of East Asia, these five loans from The Bank of East Asia, amounting to US$9.7 million, US$10.0 million, US$20.0 million, US$9.7 million and US$2.2 million respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by restricted cash of US$10,775,927 (December31, 2017:US$10,911,818), US$11,138,651 (December31, 2017: US$11,279,116), US$22,277,303 (December 31, 2017: US$22,558,232), US$10,803,132 (December 31, 2017: US$10,939,365), and US$2,472,569 (December 31, 2017: US$2,503,750), respectively.

(4)	The loan contract with the Bank of East Asia was amended to extend the maturity date of the loan. The Company accounted for the amendments, which did not result in a debt extinguishment pursuant to ASC 470-50, Debt – Modifications and Exchanges.

(5)	These loans were paid in full as of June 30, 2018.

(6)

Pursuant to the agreement with Bank of Bohai, the debt is secured by US$1,349,636 restricted cash (December 31, 2017: US$1,366,655) and partially repaid in 2018.

(7)

Pursuant to the agreement with China Construction Bank, the debt is secured by US$19,647,553 restricted cash (December 31, 2017: nil).

(8)

Pursuant to the agreement with ICBC, the debt is secured by US$75,567,512 restricted cash (December 31, 2017: nil).

(9)

Pursuant to the agreement with Bank of Minsheng Xi'an Branch this long-term bank loan is secured by the Group’s 65.98% equity interest of Shaanxi Zhongmao. According to the repayment schedule, US$2,115,890 will be due within the next 12 months and has been classified as current liabilities as of June 30, 2018.

As of June 30, 2018, except when otherwise indicated, the Group’s long term bank loans were all denominated in RMB and were mainly secured by the Group’s real estate properties under development with net book value of US$2,015,848 (December 31, 2017: US$399,622), account receivables due from homebuyers amounting to US$82,746,426 (December 31, 2017:nil), the Group’s real estate properties development completed with net book value of US$34,118,561 (December 31, 2017:nil), the Group’s real estate properties held for lease with net book value of US$99,415,952 (December 31, 2017:nil) and land use rights with net book value of US$180,425,737 (December 31, 2017: US$114,610,709).

The interest rates of these bank loans are adjustable based on the range of 100% to 206% of the PBOC prime rate. The weighted average interest rate on long-term bank loans as of June 30, 2018 was 6.48% (December 31, 2017: 5.43%).

Other long-term debt

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Other long-term debt [Abstract]

Other long-term debt

Other long-term debt

As of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, other long-term debt consisted of the following:

	December 31,		June 30,
	2017		2018
	US$		US$
	(Audited)		(Unaudited)
August 2019 Senior Notes due on August 30, 2019 at 8.125%		295,270,134		296,245,772
February 2021 Senior Secured Notes due on February 28, 2021 at 7.75%		286,865,011		287,753,410
November 2020 Senior Secured notes due on November 22, 2020 at 8.875%		293,742,826		294,887,384
March 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on March 12, 2020 at 9.875%		-		196,447,040
Corporate bonds due on December 28, 2020 at 7.50%		152,661,716		150,891,610
Corporate bonds due on January 27, 2021 at 7.47%		107,005,532		105,764,686

Corporate bonds due on March 14, 2021 at 7.09%	76,420,211	75,534,045
Corporate bonds due on August 15, 2019 at 8.20%	226,122,693	223,448,279
Corporate bonds due on April 7, 2020 at 8.20%	172,188,160	166,206,677
Collateralized loan due on May 10, 2018 at 7.501% (1)	28,312,572	-
Collateralized loan due on May 22, 2020 at 8.50% (2)	135,992,164	226,702,536
Collateralized loan due on November 6, 2018 at 8.20%	6,387,795	6,308,244
Collateralized loan due on January 4, 2019 at 8.20%	2,794,660	2,759,857
Collateralized loan due on July 31, 2021 at 8.00% (3)	48,973,095	38,690,566
Collateralized loan due on August 2, 2021 at 8.00% (4)	5,662,515	4,473,598
Collateralized loan due on September 6, 2019 at 8.50%	15,304,092	15,113,502
Collateralized loan due on October 30, 2019 at 9.00%	2,479,263	2,448,387
Collateralized loan due on November 2, 2019 at 9.00%	28,128,922	27,778,618
Collateralized loan due on November 23, 2024 at 6.90%	40,173,242	37,028,081
Collateralized loan due on March 17, 2020 at 7.37%	35,199,412	34,761,056
Collateralized loan due on November 30, 2019 at 10.32% (5)	214,257,293	241,680,017
Collateralized loan due on November 30, 2019 at 10.00% (5)	45,912,277	45,340,507
Non-controlling shareholder’s loan due on May 30, 2019 at 8.50% (1), (6)	246,778,489	76,957,954
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on January 23, 2020 at 5.95% (1), (7)	10,000,000	9,500,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on April 30, 2020 at 5.95% (7)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on June 25, 2020 at 5.95% (7)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 4, 2020 at 5.95% (7)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 20, 2020 at 5.95% (7)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on October 1, 2020 at 5.95% (7)	10,000,000	10,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on November 23, 2020 at 5.95% (7)	10,000,000	10,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on March 15, 2021 at 5.95% (7)	9,500,000	9,500,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on September 12, 2021 at 5.95% (7)	500,000	500,000
Ozarks loan due on March 24, 2020 at 4.50% plus 1 month LIBOR (8)	22,283,892	23,139,318
Bank Direct Capital Finance loan due on January 1, 2020 at 4.19% (9)	2,801,117	2,380,790

Total principal of other long-term debt	2,551,717,082	2,642,241,934
Less: current portion of other long-term debt	(1,146,902,643)	(1,212,015,640)
Total other long-term debt	1,404,814,439	1,430,226,294

(1)	These loans were paid in full or partially repaid during first half year of 2018.

(2)	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping’an Trust Co., Ltd., this other long-term debt is secured by the Group’s equity interest in Qingdao Huiju.

(3)	Pursuant to the entrust loan agreements with CITIC Trust Co.,Ltd., the debt is secured by the Group’s equity interest in Henan Xinyuan Guangsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. and US$15,113,502 restricted cash (December 31, 2017: US$15,304,092).

(4)	Pursuant to the entrust loan agreements with CITIC Trust Co.,Ltd., the debt is secured by the Group’s equity interest in Henan Xinyuan Guangsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.

(5)	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping’an Trust Co., Ltd., the debt is secured by the Group’s 51% equity interest of Henan Renxin Real Estate Co., Ltd..

(6)	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping’an Trust Co., Ltd., which is the non-controlling shareholder of Ruihao Rongtong, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group’s 65% equity interest in Ruihao Rongtong.

(7)	Pursuant to the agreements with Kent EB-5 LLC, this other long-term debt amounting to US$59.5 million in total, is denominated in US$ with maturity dates that vary from January 23, 2020 to September 12, 2021.

(8)

Pursuant to the agreements with Bank of Ozarks (“Ozarks”), Hudson 888 Owner LLC has agreed to provide security in the form of mortgages and assignment of leases and rents. In addition, XIN Development Group International Inc., agreed to, jointly and severally, provide a number of guarantees, including carve out guaranty, completion guaranty, repayment guaranty and carry guaranty to Ozarks and its successors in relation to the mortgaged property, liabilities of and/or payments to Ozarks. The other long-term debt is denominated in US$.

(9)	Pursuant to the agreements with Bank Direct Capital Finance, this other long-term debt is denominated in US$ and unsecured, and repayable by month.

As of June 30, 2018, except when otherwise indicated and the Senior Secured Notes, the Group’s other long-term debt was all denominated in RMB and mainly secured by the Group’s land use rights with net book value of US$753,580,070 (December 31, 2017: US$772,031,141), real estate properties held for lease with net book value of US$48,005,208 (December 31, 2017: US$48,610,581), and real estate properties development completed with net book value of US$61,844,064 (December 31, 2017: US$70,161,378).

August 2019 Senior Secured Notes

On August 30, 2016, the Company issued an aggregate principal amount of US$300,000,000 of the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes. The August 2019 Senior Secured Notes bear interest at 8.125% per annum payable semi-annually. Interest will be payable on February 28 and August 30 of each year, commencing February 28, 2017.

The effective interest rate of August 2019 Senior Secured Notes is 9.06%.

The August 2019 Senior Secured Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated August 30, 2016, between the Company, the “Subsidiary Guarantors” identified below and Citicorp International Limited, as trustee and collateral agent (the “August 2019 Indenture”). The Company’s obligations under the August 2019 Indenture and the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes have been guaranteed by certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Ltd., South Glory International Ltd., Elite Quest Holdings Ltd. and Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”) and will be guaranteed by such other future subsidiaries of the Company as is set forth in and in accordance with the terms of the August 2019 Indenture. The Company’s obligations under the August 2019 Indenture and the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes are secured by a pledge of the capital stock of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Limited, South Glory International Limited and Elite Quest Holdings Ltd.

At any time prior to August 30, 2019, the Company may at its option redeem the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any August 2019 Senior Secured Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such August 2019 Senior Secured Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the principal amount of such August 2019 Senior Secured Note, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such August 2019 Senior Secured Note through the maturity date of the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the August 2019 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such August 2019 Senior Secured Note on such redemption date.

At any time prior to August 30, 2019, the Company may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of our common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of 108.125% of the principal amount of the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes issued on August 30, 2016 remain outstanding after each such redemption.

The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes under the requirements of ASC 815. The embedded redemption options and repurchase features did not qualify for derivative accounting because the embedded derivatives were considered clearly and closely related to the characteristics of the August 2019 Secured Senior Notes.

The August 2019 Indenture, contains certain covenants that, among others, restrict the Company’s ability and the ability of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the August 2019 Indenture) to incur additional debt or to issue preferred stock, to make certain payments or investments, to pay dividends or purchase or redeem capital stock, to sell assets (including limitations on the use of proceeds of asset sales), to grant liens on the collateral securing the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes or other assets, to make certain other payments or to engage in transactions with affiliates and holders of more than 10% of the Company’s Common Shares, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions and satisfaction, in certain circumstances of specified conditions, such as a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the August 2019 Indenture) of 2.50 to 1.0.

February 2021 Senior Secured Notes

On February 28, 2017, the Company issued an aggregate principal amount of US$300,000,000 of the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes. The February 2021 Senior Secured Notes bear interest at 7.75% per annum payable semi-annually. Interest will be payable on February 28 and August 28 of each year, commencing August 28, 2017. The February 2021 Senior Secured Notes have a four year term maturing on February 28, 2021.

The effective interest rate of February 2021 Senior Secured Notes is 8.68%.

The February 2021 Senior Secured Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated February 28, 2017, between the Company, the “Subsidiary Guarantors” identified below and Citicorp International Limited, as trustee and collateral agent (the “February 2021 Indenture”). The Company’s obligations under the February 2021 Indenture and the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes have been guaranteed by certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Ltd., South Glory International Ltd., Elite Quest Holdings Ltd. and Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”) and will be guaranteed by such other future subsidiaries of the Company as is set forth in and in accordance with the terms of the February 2021 Indenture. The Company’s obligations under the February 2021 Indenture and the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes are secured by a pledge of the capital stock of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Limited, South Glory International Limited and Elite Quest Holdings Ltd.

At any time prior to February 28, 2021, the Company may at its option redeem the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any February 2021 Senior Secured Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such February 2021 Senior Secured Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the principal amount of such February 2021 Senior Secured Note, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such February 2021 Senior Secured Note through the maturity date of the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the February 2021 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such February 2021 Senior Secured Note on such redemption date.

At any time prior to February 28, 2021, the Company may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of our common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of 107.75% of the principal amount of the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes issued on February 28, 2017 remain outstanding after each such redemption.

The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes under the requirements of ASC 815. The embedded redemption options and repurchase features did not qualify for derivative accounting because the embedded derivatives were considered clearly and closely related to the characteristics of the February 2021 Secured Senior Notes.

The February 2021 Indenture, contains certain covenants that, among others, restrict the Company’s ability and the ability of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the February 2021 Indenture) to incur additional debt or to issue preferred stock, to make certain payments or investments, to pay dividends or purchase or redeem capital stock, to sell assets (including limitations on the use of proceeds of asset sales), to grant liens on the collateral securing the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes or other assets, to make certain other payments or to engage in transactions with affiliates and holders of more than 10% of the Company’s Common Shares, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions and satisfaction, in certain circumstances of specified conditions, such as a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the February 2021 Indenture) of 2.0 to 1.0.

November2020 Senior Secured Notes

On November 22, 2017 and December 1, 2017, The Company issued an aggregate principal amount of US$200,000,000 and US$100,000,000 of the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes, respectively. The November 2020 Senior Secured Notes bear interest at 8.875% per annum payable semi-annually. Interest will be payable on May 22 and November 22 of each year, commencing May 22, 2018. The November 2020 Senior Secured Notes have a three year term maturing on November 22, 2020.

The effective interest rate of November 2020 Senior Secured Notes is 9.95%.

The November 2020 Senior Secured Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated November 22, 2017, between the Company, the “Subsidiary Guarantors” identified below and Citicorp International Limited, as trustee and collateral agent (the “November 2020 Indenture”). The Company’s obligations under the November 2020 Indenture and the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes have been guaranteed by certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Ltd., South Glory International Ltd., Elite Quest Holdings Ltd. and Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”) and will be guaranteed by such other future subsidiaries of the Company as is set forth in and in accordance with the terms of the November 2020 Indenture. The Company’s obligations under the November 2020 Indenture and the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes are secured by a pledge of the capital stock of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Limited, South Glory International Limited and Elite Quest Holdings Ltd.

At any time prior to November 22, 2020, the Company may at its option redeem the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any November 2020 Senior Secured Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such November 2020 Senior Secured Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the principal amount of such November 2020 Senior Secured Note, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such November 2020 Senior Secured Note through the maturity date of the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the November 2020 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such November 2020 Senior Secured Note on such redemption date.

At any time prior to November 22, 2020, the Company may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of our common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of 108.875% of the principal amount of the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes issued on November 22, 2017 remain outstanding after each such redemption.

The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes under the requirements of ASC 815. The embedded redemption options and repurchase features did not qualify for derivative accounting because the embedded derivatives were considered clearly and closely related to the characteristics of the November 2020 Secured Senior Notes.

The November 2020 Indenture, contains certain covenants that, among others, restrict the Company’s ability and the ability of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the November 2020 Indenture) to incur additional debt or to issue preferred stock, to make certain payments or investments, to pay dividends or purchase or redeem capital stock, to sell assets (including limitations on the use of proceeds of asset sales), to grant liens on the collateral securing the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes or other assets, to make certain other payments or to engage in transactions with affiliates and holders of more than 10% of the Company’s Common Shares, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions and satisfaction, in certain circumstances of specified conditions, such as a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the February 2021 Indenture) of 2.0 to 1.0.

March 2020 Senior Secured Notes

On March 19, 2018, the Company issued an aggregate principal amount of US$200,000,000 of the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes. The March 2020 Senior Secured Notes bear interest at 9.875% per annum payable semi-annually. Interest will be payable on March 19 and September 19 of each year, commencing September 19, 2018. The March 2020 Senior Secured Notes have a two year term maturing on March 19, 2020.

The effective interest rate of March 2020 Senior Secured Notes is 11.34%.

The March 2020 Senior Secured Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated March 19, 2017, between the Company, the “Subsidiary Guarantors” identified below and Citicorp International Limited, as trustee and collateral agent (the “March 2020 Indenture”). The Company’s obligations under the March 2020 Indenture and the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes have been guaranteed by certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Ltd., South Glory International Ltd., Elite Quest Holdings Ltd. and Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”) and will be guaranteed by such other future subsidiaries of the Company as is set forth in and in accordance with the terms of the March 2020 Indenture. The Company’s obligations under the March 2020 Indenture and the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes are secured by a pledge of the capital stock of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Limited, South Glory International Limited and Elite Quest Holdings Ltd.

At any time prior to March 19, 2020, the Company may at its option redeem the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any March 2020 Senior Secured Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such March 2020 Senior Secured Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the principal amount of such March 2020 Senior Secured Note, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such March 2020 Senior Secured Note through the maturity date of the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the March 2020 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such March 2020 Senior Secured Note on such redemption date.

At any time prior to March 19, 2020, the Company may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of our common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of 109.875% of the principal amount of the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes issued on March 19, 2018 remain outstanding after each such redemption.

The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes under the requirements of ASC 815. The embedded redemption options and repurchase features did not qualify for derivative accounting because the embedded derivatives were considered clearly and closely related to the characteristics of the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes.

The March 2020 Indenture, contains certain covenants that, among others, restrict the Company’s ability and the ability of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the March 2020 Indenture) to incur additional debt or to issue preferred stock, to make certain payments or investments, to pay dividends or purchase or redeem capital stock, to sell assets (including limitations on the use of proceeds of asset sales), to grant liens on the collateral securing the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes or other assets, to make certain other payments or to engage in transactions with affiliates and holders of more than 10% of the Company’s Common Shares, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions and satisfaction, in certain circumstances of specified conditions, such as a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the February 2021 Indenture) of 2.0 to 1.0.

Onshore corporate Bonds

On December 28, 2015, Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. (“Xinyuan China”) issued the first tranche of the onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of RMB1 billion (US$154 million) due on December 28, 2020 (the “First Tranche Bonds”) at a coupon rate of 7.5% per annum payable annually. Interest is payable on December 28 of each year, commencing December 28, 2016.

On January 27, 2016, Xinyuan China issued the second tranche of the onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of RMB0.7 billion (US$107 million) due on January 27, 2021 (the “Second Tranche Bonds”) at a coupon rate of 7.47% per annum payable annually. Interest is payable on January 27 of each year, commencing January 27, 2017.

On March 14, 2016, Xinyuan China issued the third tranche of the onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of RMB0.5 billion (US$77 million) due on March 14, 2021 (the “Third Tranche Bonds”) at a coupon rate of 7.09% per annum payable annually. Interest is payable on March 14 of each year, commencing March 14, 2017.

The above three tranches of onshore corporate bonds were issued at par. Upon the third anniversary of the issuance of each tranche of bonds, Xinyuan China may adjust the applicable coupon rate and the holders have the right within a specified time period to require the Company to repurchase the bonds following the Company’s announcement of whether it intends to adjust the interest rate. Upon the second anniversary on December 28, 2017, January 27, 2018 and March 14, 2018, the first, second and third tranche of the onshore corporate bonds, respectively, have been reclassified to current liabilities.

On August 15, 2016, Xinyuan China issued a new tranche of onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of RMB1.5 billion (US$216 million) due on August 15, 2019 (the “New Tranche”) at a coupon rate of 7.5% per annum payable annually. Interest is payable on August 15 of each year, commencing August 15, 2017.

On April 7, 2017, Xinyuan China issued a new second tranche of onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of RMB1.13 billion (US$173 million) due on April 7, 2020 (the “2017 Tranche”) at a coupon rate of 8.2% per annum payable annually. Interest is payable on April 7 of each year, commencing April 7, 2018.

Upon the first anniversary of the issuance of the New Tranche and 2017 Tranche, respectively, Xinyuan China may adjust the applicable coupon rate and the holders have the right within a specified time period to require the Company to repurchase the bonds following the Company’s announcement of whether it intends to adjust the interest rate. Therefore, the entire amount of the New Tranche and 2017 Tranche, respectively, has been classified as current liabilities for the periods presented. On August 15, 2017, Xinyuan China adjusted the annual interest rate of the New Tranche Bonds to 8.2% from 7.5%. The annual interest rate of the 2017 Tranche Bonds remained unchanged, at 8.2%. To date the Company did not repurchase any bonds.

Income taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Income taxes [Abstract]

Related party and employee transactions

9. Income taxes

(a) Effective tax rate

Our effective income tax rate (“ETR”) was 525.8% in the first six months of 2018 compared to 59.0% in the first six months of 2017. The ETR was different from the statutory tax rate of 25% due to the effects of the land appreciation tax (“LAT”), the corporate income tax (“CIT”) benefit of LAT, outside basis differences and changes in unrecognized tax benefits. The change in the effective income tax rate is primarily due to the increase of non-deductible interest expense, and the significant decrease in profit before tax mainly due to lower gross profit, significantly less interest expense qualifying for capitalization, and a material increase in foreign exchange losses due to the depreciation of the RMB against the US$.

(b) Liability for unrecognized tax benefit

The liability for unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2018 remain unchanged from December 31, 2017.

Related party and employee transactions

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

10. Related party and employee transactions

(a)

Amounts due from related parties

	December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018
	US$		US$
Current:
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd. (“Starry Sky”)		5,909,736		5,549,420
Beijing Aijieli Technology Development Co., Ltd.		12,889,735		16,212,740
Beijing Ruizhuo Xitou Technology Development Co., Ltd.		10,429,990		11,355,487
Beijing Ruizhuo Xichuang Technology Development Co., Ltd.		3,576,543		5,553,607
Chengdu Renju		35,199,433		35,194,763
Guangzhou Huanglong		38,934,992		-
Qingdao Huiju		18,721,643		40,283,690
Madison Developments Limited		-		21,202,369
Zhengzhou Jiahe		-		779,255
Gongyi Gongrong Real Estate Co., Ltd.		-		155,324
Total current amounts due from related party		125,662,072		136,286,655

Non current:
Xinzheng Meihang Network Technology Co., Ltd.		24,665,944		25,716,014
Gongyi Gongrong Real Estate Co., Ltd.		-		4,304,325
Total non current amounts due from related party		24,665,944		30,020,339

Total		150,328,016		166,306,994

As of December 31, 2017, the Company advanced US$5,869,138 of working capital funds to Starry Sky. Of the amount advanced, US$1,155,459 was in the form of unsecured interest bearing loans, which has no fixed payment terms and bears interest from 7.5% to 10%. Accrued interest amounted to US$40,598 as of December 31, 2017. As of June 30, 2018, the Company advanced US$5,452,743 of working capital funds to Starry Sky. Of the amount advanced, US$1,141,069 was in the form of unsecured interest bearing loans, which has no fixed payment terms and bears interest from 7.5% to 10%. Accrued interest amounted to US$96,677 as of June 30, 2018. The remaining advances are unsecured and bear no interest.

As of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, the balance due from Beijing Aijieli Technology Development Co., Ltd. (“Aijieli”), Beijing Ruizhuo Xitou Technology Development Co., Ltd. (“Xitou”) and Beijing Ruizhuo Xichuang Technology Development Co., Ltd. (“Xichuang”) are related to advances for operational needs without any fixed payment terms. This balance is unsecured, bears no interest, and is expected to be repaid in one year. Aijieli, Xitou and Xichuang are companies owned by senior management members of the Company.

As of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, the balance due from Chengdu Renju (Note 5) is related to advances for operational needs without any fixed payment terms. This balance is unsecured, bears no interest, and is expected to be repaid in one year.

In 2017, the Company advanced US$38,260,231 of working capital funds to Guangzhou Huanglong (Note 5) in the form of an unsecured interest-bearing loan with a three months payment term and bears interest at 17.5%. As of December 31, 2017, the outstanding balance included accrued interest amounting to US$353,375 and a receivable amounting to US$321,386 related to construction services provided to Guangzhou Huanglong. In 2018, Guangzhou Huanglong repaid the entire outstanding balance.

As of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, the balances due from Qingdao Huiju (Note 5) is related to advances for operational needs without any fixed payment terms. This balance is unsecured, bears no interest, and is expected to be repaid in one year.

As of June 30, 2018, the balances due from MDL (Note 5) are related to advances for operational needs. This balance is unsecured, bears interest at 15%, and has no fixed repayment term. Accrued interest amounted to US$844,971 as of June 30, 2018.

As of June 30, 2018, the balance due from Zhengzhou Jiahe (Note 5) is related to advances for operational needs without any fixed payment terms. This balance is unsecured, bears no interest, and is expected to be repaid in one year.

Xinzheng Meihang Network Technology Co., Ltd. (“Meihang”) is the non-controlling shareholder of Zhengzhou Hangmei Technology Development Co., Ltd. (“Zhengzhou Hangmei”), one of the Company’s subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2017, and June 30, 2018, the balances due from Meihang are US$24,100,060 and US$23,799,930, respectively, which have a three year payment terms, and bear interest at 11.5%. Accrued interest amounted to US$565,884 and US$1,916,084 as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, respectively.

On January 24, 2018, the Company together with Henan Gongsheng Industrial Group Limited (“Henan Gongsheng”) signed an agreement to establish Gongyi Gongrong Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Gongyi Gongrong”). As of June 30, 2018, the Company has not made any equity contribution for its interest in Gongyi Gongrong. As of June 30, 2018, the balance due from Gongyi Gongrong amounting to US$4,304,325 are related to advances for operational needs. Gongyi Gongrong has the intention and ability to repay this outstanding balance, which has no fixed payment terms and bears interest of 15%. Accrued interest amounted to US$155,324 as of June 30, 2018.

(b)

Amounts due to related party

	December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018
	US$		US$
Current:
Suzhou Fuchao Enterprise Management Consulting Co., Ltd.		23,387,006		24,428,572
Nanjing Gold Pedestal Real Estate Development Co., Ltd.		23,388,992		22,194,795
Suzhou Country Garden Real Estate Development Co.,Ltd.		23,385,379		14,631,484
Taicang Guangyuan Real Estate Development Co., Ltd.		23,387,006		22,191,835
Suzhou Fuyi Enterprise Management Consulting Co., Ltd.		7,470,721		7,678,746
Suzhou Guozhan Commercial Plaza Development Co., Ltd.		7,470,721		7,678,746
Kunshan Shine Land Group Co., Ltd		7,470,721		7,678,746
Shanghai Cifi Enterprise Management Co., Ltd.		7,431,209		7,678,746
Shanghai Xinbi Real Estate Development Co., Ltd.		3,671,987		3,882,160
Changxing Xinbi Investment Management Partnership (limited partnership)		743,121		763,973
Foshan Shunde District Gongheng Investment Co., Ltd.		371,560		381,986

Total current amounts due to related party		128,178,423		119,189,789


Non current:
Xinzheng Meihang Network Technology Co., Ltd.		29,917,961		30,964,004

Total		158,096,384		150,153,793

On September 12, 2017, the Company sold 80% of its equity interest in Suzhou Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Suzhou Wanzhuo”) to four non-affiliated passive investors, Suzhou Fuchao Enterprise Management Consulting Co., Ltd. (“Suzhou Fuchao”), Nanjing Gold Pedestal Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. (“Nanjing Gold Pedestal”), Suzhou Country Garden Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. (“Suzhou Country Garden”) and Taicang Guangyuan Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. (“Taicang Guangyuan”) for an aggregate cash consideration of US$23,687,327. Pursuant to the updated articles of association, the Company still exercises control over the relevant principal activities of Suzhou Wanzhuo and therefore, continues to consolidate it in its financial statements. As of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, Suzhou Fuchao, Nanjing Gold Pedestal, Suzhou Country Garden and Taicang Guangyuan advanced US$92,231,041 and US$80,047,225 of working capital funds in aggregate to Suzhou Wanzhuo in the form of an unsecured interest-bearing loan, respectively, which has no fixed payment terms, and bears annual interest from 4.25% to 4.75%. Accrued interest amounted to US$1,317,340 and US$3,399,461 as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, respectively.

On December 1, 2017, the Company together with seven other non-affiliated companies, Suzhou Fuyi Enterprise Management Consulting Co., Ltd. (“Suzhou Fuyi”), Suzhou Guozhan Commercial Plaza Development Co., Ltd. (“Suzhou Guozhan”), Kunshan Shine Land Group Co., Ltd. (“Kunshan Shine”), Shanghai Cifi Enterprise Management Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Cifi”), Shanghai Xinbi Real Estate Development Co.,Ltd. (“Shanghai Xinbi”), Changxing Xinbi Investment Management Partnership (limited partnership) (“Changxing Xinbi”), Foshan Shunde District Gongheng Investment Co., Ltd. (“Foshan Shunde”), acquired 100% of Taicang Pengchi Real Estate Co.,Limited. (“Taicang Pengchi”) for an aggregate cash consideration of US$5,222,594. The Company accounted for the acquisition of Taicang Pengchi as an asset acquisition because the only asset of Taicang Pengchi is the land. Pursuant to the articles of association, the Company exercises control over the relevant significant activities of Taicang Pengchi and therefore, consolidates it in its financial statements. As of December 31, 2017, and June 30, 2018, Suzhou Fuyi, Suzhou Guozhan, Kunshan Shine, Shanghai Cifi, Shanghai Xinbi, Changxing Xinbi, Foshan Shunde advanced US$34,630,040 and US$ 35,658,091 in aggregate of working capital funds to Taicang Pengchi in the form of an unsecured interest-bearing loan, which has no fixed payment terms, and bears interest at the PBOC demand deposit interest rate. As of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, accrued interest amounted to nil and US$85,012, respectively.

Meihang is the non-controlling shareholder of Zhengzhou Hangmei, one of the Company’s subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2017, and June 30, 2018, the balances due to Meihang are US$28,968,446 and US$28,607,686, respectively, with an unsecured interest (10%) and a three year payment term. Accrued interest amounted to US$949,515 and US$2,356,318 as of December 31, 2017, and June 30, 2018, respectively.

(c)

Amounts due from employees

	December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018
	US$		US$
Advances to employees		2,174,302		3,307,123

The balance represents cash advances to employees for traveling expenses and other expenses. The balances are unsecured, bear no interest and have no fixed payment terms.

(d)

Others

On June 15, 2017, Xinyuan China, the Group’s related parties, and a third party signed a partnership agreement to form a limited partnership, Beijing Future Xinruifeng Science and Technology Development Center (Limited Partnership) (“Xinruifeng”). The related parties that are partners of Xinruifeng comprise of (i) senior management members; and (ii) Beijing Xinyuan Future Investment Management Co., Ltd. (“Xinyuan Future”), which is also owned by one senior management member of the Company. The third party and the related parties are general partners of Xinruifeng whereas Xinyuan China is a limited partner.

Pursuant to the framework agreement signed in June 2017 by Xinruifeng and Xinyuan China, both parties agreed to invest a total of RMB30 million in Xitou. After the completion of the arrangement, Xinruifeng and Xinyuan China will own 66.67% and 33.33% equity interest of Xitou, respectively. The arrangement will be completed with two steps that form a single transaction designed to achieve an overall commercial effect, 1) Xinyuan China will acquire 100% equity interest of Xitou for nil consideration (“Step one”); and 2) Xinruifeng will inject a capital of RMB20 million and acquire 66.67% equity interest of Xitou, and Xinyuan China will invest RMB10 million and obtain 33.33% of equity interest of Xitou (“Step two”). These two steps are inseparable and the acquisition of Xitou will be completed only after both of these two steps are completed. As of June 30, 2018, Step two is still in process. Considering Step one and Step two were entered into at the same time and in contemplation of one another, the Xitou transaction is not considered completed for accounting purposes.

Pursuant to the framework agreement signed in June 2017 by Beijing Future Xinhujin Science and Technology Development Center (Limited Partnership) (“Xinhujin”), owned by a senior management member of the Company, and Xinyuan China, both parties agreed to invest a total of RMB30 million in Xichuang. After the completion of the arrangement, Xinhujin and Xinyuan China will own 66.67% and 33.33% equity interest of Xichuang, respectively. The arrangement will be completed with two steps that form a single transaction designed to achieve an overall commercial effect, 1) Xinyuan China will acquire 100% equity interest of Xichuang for nil consideration (“Step one”); and 2) Xinhujin will inject a capital of RMB20 million to Xichuang and acquire 66.67% equity interest of Xichuang, and Xinyuan China will invest RMB10 million and obtain 33.33% of equity interest of Xichuang (“Step two”). These two steps are inseparable and the acquisition of Xichuang will be completed only after both of these two steps are completed. As of June 30, 2018, Step two is still in process. Considering Step one and Step two were entered into at the same time and in contemplation of one another, the Xichuang transaction is not considered completed for accounting purposes.

Pursuant to the framework agreement signed in June 2017 by Beijing Future Xinzhihui Science and Technology Development Center (Limited Partnership) (“Xinzhihui”), owned by a senior management member of the Company, and Xinyuan China, both parties agreed to invest a total of RMB40 million in Aijieli. After the completion of the arrangement, Xinzhihui and Xinyuan China will own 75% and 25% equity interest of Aijieli, respectively. The acquisition will be completed with two steps that form a single transaction designed to achieve an overall commercial effect, 1) Xinyuan China will acquire 100% equity interest of Aijieli for nil consideration (“Step one”); and 2) Xinzhihui will inject a capital of RMB30 million and acquire 75% equity interest of Aijieli, and Xinyuan China will invest RMB10 million and obtain 25% of equity interest of Aijieli (“Step two”). These two steps are inseparable and the acquisition of Aijieli will be completed only after both of these two steps are completed. As of June 30, 2018, Step two is still in process. Considering Step one and Step two were entered into at the same time and in contemplation of one another, the Aijieli transaction is not considered completed for accounting purposes.

All other related party transactions have been disclosed in Notes 2a) and 5.

Earnings/(loss) per share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Earnings per share [Abstract]

Earnings per share

11.

Earnings/(loss) per share

Basic and diluted net earnings/(loss) per share for each period presented are calculated as follows:

	Six months ended June 30,
	2017		2018
	US$		US$
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Numerator:
Net income/(loss) attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders - basic and diluted		16,538,924		(17,196,007)
Denominator:
Number of shares outstanding, basic		128,317,210		129,606,854
Stock options		1,816,284		2,207,127
Weighted average number of RSU Stocks		1,423,997		349,420

Number of shares outstanding-diluted		131,557,491		132,163,401

Basic earnings/(loss) per share		0.13		(0.13)
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share		0.13		(0.13)

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, 180,000 (June 30, 2017: 2,126,448) stock options were excluded from the calculation of earnings per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive.

Segment reporting

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment reporting

12.

Segment reporting

The Group’s long-lived assets and revenue are mainly located in and derived from the PRC. Starting in 2012, a relatively smaller portion of the Group’s long-lived assets and revenue are located in and derived from the United States. The Group considers that each of its individual property developments is a discrete operating segment. The Group has aggregated its segments in the PRC on a provincial basis as property development projects undertaken within a province have similar expected economic characteristics, type of properties offered, customers and market and regulatory environment. The Group’s reportable operating segments are comprised of Henan Province, Shandong Province, Jiangsu Province, Sichuan Province, Beijing, Hainan Province, Hunan Province, Shaanxi Province, Shanghai, Guangdong Province and Tianjin in the PRC; and the United States.

Each geographic operating segment is principally engaged in the construction and development of residential real estate units. The “other” category relates to investment holdings, property management services, installation of intercom systems, landscaping, engineering and management, real estate sale, purchase and lease activities.

The Group’s chief operating decision maker relies upon net sales, gross profit and net income when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Group. Net sales for geographic segments are generally based on the location of the project development. Net income for each segment includes net sales to third parties, related cost of sales and operating expenses directly attributable to the segment. Capital expenditures for each segment includes cost for acquisition of subsidiaries, vehicles, fixtures and furniture and computer network equipment and accumulation of properties held for lease related to newly completed projects.

No single customer accounted for more than 10% of net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2018.

Summary information by operating segment is as follows:

																							United
June 30, 2018	Henan		Shandong		Jiangsu		Sichuan		Beijing		Hainan		Hunan		Shanghai		Tianjin		Shaanxi		Guangdong		States		Others		Consolidated
	US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$

Total revenue		140,228,789		39,520,440		146,090,415		37,438,234		13,693,957		49,280,065		42,566,423		323,478		10,991,697		8,627,461		—		9,059,555		32,108,589		529,929,103
Total cost of revenue		(101,767,210)		(31,689,395)		(100,163,514)		(41,569,598)		(9,527,601)		(17,780,943)		(34,510,447)		(139,853)		(8,436,869)		(7,639,844)		—		(9,643,313)		(18,977,519)		(381,846,106)
Gross profit		38,461,579		7,831,045		45,926,901		(4,131,364)		4,166,356		31,499,122		8,055,976		183,625		2,554,828		987,617		—		(583,758)		13,131,070		148,082,997
Operating income/(loss)		15,945,631		3,351,264		39,922,601		(5,318,747)		(21,471,467)		29,126,243		1,009,546		42,958		1,458,861		(1,520,594)		—		(3,519,757)		2,266,431		61,292,970
Total assets		3,582,988,491		665,859,036		1,148,788,934		382,544,788		329,644,913		123,813,809		292,940,732		98,449,987		198,014,138		426,812,252		126,175,849		353,982,307		418,805,184		8,148,820,420

																							United
June 30, 2017	Henan		Shandong		Jiangsu		Sichuan		Beijing		Hainan		Hunan		Shanghai		Tianjin		Shaanxi		Guangdong		States		Others		Consolidated
	US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$

Total revenue		310,052,480		90,048,443		83,735,642		27,328,499		(358,452)		64,349,469		45,475,935		66,515		20,884,490		25,017,000		—		85,213,505		17,064,802		768,878,328
Total cost of revenue		(204,360,388)		(74,796,010)		(85,664,472)		(25,417,147)		171,568		(43,922,474)		(36,779,295)		(1,193,203)		(12,049,740)		(18,934,711)		—		(82,424,628)		(13,018,729)		(598,389,229)
Gross profit		105,692,092		15,252,433		(1,928,830)		1,911,352		(186,884)		20,426,995		8,696,640		(1,126,688)		8,834,750		6,082,289		—		2,788,877		4,046,073		170,489,099
Operating income/(loss)		81,467,812		11,917,385		(7,201,671)		84,765		(15,298,935)		14,850,256		6,342,476		(1,756,304)		5,528,244		2,373,289		—		(3,589,348)		(7,627,598)		87,090,371
Total assets		1,455,874,656		458,638,434		603,555,687		237,504,997		305,989,521		129,322,390		272,212,733		102,368,555		99,211,187		458,639,745		88,928,527		330,737,398		363,884,460		4,906,868,290

Commitments and contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Commitments and contingencies [Abstract]

Commitments and contingencies

13.

Commitments and contingencies

Commitments

Operating lease commitments

The Group leases certain of its office properties under non-cancellable operating lease arrangements. The terms of the leases do not contain rent escalation, or contingent rent, renewal, or purchase options. There are no restrictions placed upon the Group by entering into these leases.

As of June 30, 2018, the Group had the following operating lease obligations falling due:

	Amount
	US$
	(Unaudited)
July 1, 2018 - June 30, 2019		6,686,146
July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2020		3,481,687
July 1, 2020 - June 30, 2021		1,743,325
July 1, 2021 - June 30, 2022		467,990
July 1, 2022 and thereafter		638,478

Total		13,017,626

Capital lease commitments

The Group leases a corporate aircraft and equipment under a non-cancellable capital lease arrangement. The terms of the lease do not contain contingent rent clauses.

As of June 30, 2018, the Group had the following minimum lease payments (excluding the portion of the payments representing executory costs, including any profit thereon) falling due:

	Amount
	US$
	(Unaudited)
July 1, 2018 - June 30, 2019		6,119,291
July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2020		5,019,045
July 1, 2020 - June 30, 2021		5,019,045
July 1, 2021 and thereafter		-
Total minimum lease payments		16,157,381
Less interest		(2,690,677)
Capital lease obligations		13,466,704
Current maturities of capital lease obligations		(5,058,979)
Long-term capital lease obligations		8,407,725

Other commitments

As of June 30, 2018, the Group had outstanding commitments with respect to non-cancelable construction contracts for real estate development and land use rights purchases as follows:

	Amount
	US$
	(Unaudited)
July 1, 2018 - June 30, 2019		737,179,462
July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2020		263,862,052
July 1, 2020 - June 30, 2021		88,435,647
July 1, 2021 - June 30, 2022		-
July 1, 2022 and thereafter		-

Total		1,089,477,161

Contingencies

As of June 30, 2018, the Group provided guarantees of US$2,138,664,009 (December 31, 2017: US$1,569,802,754), in favor of its customers in respect of mortgage loans granted by banks to such customers for their purchases of the Group’s properties where the underlying real estate ownership certificates can be provided to the banks on a time delay manner due to administrative procedures in the PRC. Pursuant to the terms of the guarantees, upon default in mortgage payments by these purchasers, the Group is responsible to repay the outstanding mortgage principal together with the accrued interest and penalty owed by the defaulted purchasers to the bank and the Group is entitled to take over the legal titles and possession of the related properties. The Group’s guarantee period starts from the date of grant of the relevant mortgage loan and ends upon issuance of real estate ownership certificate which will generally be available within six to twelve months after the purchaser takes possession of the relevant property. The fair value of the guarantees is not significantly different than the net realizable value of the properties and management considers that in case of default in payments, the net realizable value of the related properties can cover the repayment of the outstanding mortgage principal together with the accrued interest and penalty and therefore no provision has been made for the guarantees.

In December 2016, 421 Kent Development LLC (“421 Kent”), the property company for the Group’s Oosten project, terminated its contract with its general contractor. The general contractor and various subcontractors have filed lawsuits against 421 Kent and the Company for approximately US$26.37 million, in aggregate, plus punitive damages. In addition, the general contractor and various subcontractors filed mechanic’s liens against 421 Kent and the Company for approximately US$9.47 million. 421 Kent has answered the claims and believes the contractors’ claims and liens are without merit and intends to contest vigorously such claims. At this stage of the proceedings, 421 Kent cannot predict the outcome of this lawsuit or a judgment against 421 Kent, whether in whole or in part, may result in a loss, if any. An estimate for the reasonably possible loss or a range of reasonably possible losses cannot be made at this time.

In May 2015, XIN Development Management East, LLC (“XDME”) filed an arbitration claim for not less than US$10 million which was subsequently reduced for the purpose of a prior mediation to US$8 million against Wanks Adams Slavin Associates LLP (“WASA”), the design company for the Group’s Oosten project. WASA has asserted a total of approximately US$2 million in counterclaims. XDME based on advice of its legal counsel believed that WASA’s counterclaims were without merit and contested vigorously such claims. XDME also could not (i) predict the outcome of the arbitration against XDME, or (ii) whether, in whole or in part, may result in a loss, if any, and hence, an estimate for the reasonably possible loss or a range of reasonably possible losses could not be made historically. On July 20, 2018, WASA dropped its counterclaims, therefore, there is no related contingency thereafter.

Accumulated other comprehensive income

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Accumulated other comprehensive income [Abstract]

Non-controlling interests [Abstract]

14.

Accumulated other comprehensive income

The movement of accumulated other comprehensive income is as follows:

	Foreign currency
	translation adjustments
	US$
Balance as of December 31, 2017 (Audited)		29,225,736
Other comprehensive loss (unaudited)		(20,976,230)

Balance as of June 30, 2018 (unaudited)		8,249,506

Non-controlling interests

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Summary of significant accounting policies [Abstract]

15.

Non-controlling interests

The movement of non-controlling interest is as follows:

	Amount
	US$
Balance as of December 31, 2017 (Audited)		64,441,277
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest(unaudited)		(4,820,750)
Adjustment to opening balance of equity (Note 2) (unaudited)		(37,149,001)
Distribution to non-controlling interests (unaudited)		(35,846,020)
Capital injection into Suzhou Yefang, Suzhou Yuxi and Qingdao Jinguang (unaudited)		31,637,196
Effect of exchange rate (unaudited)		391,451

Balance as of June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)		18,654,153

Subsequent events

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Subsequent events [Abstract]

Subsequent events

16. Subsequent events

On August 1, 2018, Dalian Xinyi Renju Industrial Co., Ltd. acquired two parcels of land in Dalian, Liaoning Province for a purchase price of RMB133.6 million, equivalent to US$19.6 million.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Basis of presentation and consolidation

(a) Basis of presentation and consolidation

The carrying amounts and classifications of the assets and liabilities of the VIE are as follows:

	December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018
	US$		US$
	(Audited)		(Unaudited)
Current assets		160,889,349		166,600,007
Non-current assets		287,409		270,409

Total assets		161,176,758		166,870,416

Current liabilities		132,170,781		141,066,656
Non-current liabilities		—		—

Total liabilities		132,170,781		141,066,656

The financial performance and cash flows of the VIE are as follows:

	Six months ended June 30,
	2017		2018
	US$		US$
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Revenue		—		—
Cost of revenue		—		—
Net loss		(1,338,996)		(2,952,251)
Net cash used in operating activities		(5,763,624)		(6,727,117)
Net cash used in investing activities		—		—
Net cash (used in)/ provided by financing activities		(3,036,391)		6,779,704

The VIE contributed nil of the Company’s consolidated revenues for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2017 and 2018.

Use of Estimates

(b)

Use of Estimates

Foreign currency translation

(c)

Foreign currency translation

The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity.

	June 30, 2017		December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)		(Unaudited)
Period end RMB: US$ exchange rate		6.7744		6.5342		6.6166
Period average RMB: US$ exchange rate		6.8709		6.7547		6.3673

Effect of change in estimate

(d) Effect of change in estimate

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

(e) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Revenue recognition

(f)

Revenue recognition

Real estate sales

Real estate management services income

Real estate management lease income

Other revenue

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, revenue is recognized and disaggregated by major source as below:

	US$
	(Unaudited)
Real estate sales		488,572,840
Real estate management services income		32,883,035
Other revenue		3,325,118
Revenue from contracts with customers		524,780,993

Real estate lease income		5,148,110

Total revenue		529,929,103

Contract balances

Contract assets

Accounts receivable

Contract liabilities

The following table presents the Group’s contract balances as of June 30, 2018 and January 1, 2018:

	June 30,2018		January 1,2018
	US$’000		US$’000
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Accounts receivables		37,508		12,035
Contract assets		16,990		15,576
Customer deposits		2,639,504		2,040,386

The following table presents the amount of revenue recognized from:

	June 30, 2018
	US$’000
	(Unaudited)
Amounts included in the customer deposits balance at the beginning of the year		94,576

Impact of adoption of ASC 606

The effect of adopting ASC 606 as at January 1, 2018 was, as follows:

		As of January 1, 2018
		US$’000(Unaudited)
	Reference	As previously reported		Effects of the adoption of ASC606		Restated
		US$’000		US$’000		US$’000
Consolidated balance sheet(extract)
Real estate properties development completed	(a)		840,393		35,132		875,525
Real estate properties under development	(a)		1,996,001		1,176,120		3,172,121
Accounts receivable	(a),(b)		100,553		(88,518)		12,035
Contract assets	(c)		-		15,576		15,576
Other deposit and prepayment	(a)		272,022		24,453		296,475
Deferred tax assets	(d)		82,006		68,159		150,165
Other payables and accrued liabilities	(a)		300,118		830		300,948
Customer deposits	(a)		438,342		1,602,044		2,040,386
Deferred tax liabilities	(d)		164,204		(36,064)		128,140
Income tax payable	(a)		169,839		(18,495)		151,344
Retained earnings	(a),(b),(c),(d)		382,124		(271,046)		111,078
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(a),(b),(c),(d)		29,226		(9,198)		20,028
Non-controlling interest	(Note 15)		64,441		(37,149)		27,292

		As of June 30, 2018
		US$’000(Unaudited)
	Reference	Amounts without the adoption of ASC606		Effects of the adoption of ASC606		Amounts as reported
Condensed consolidated balance sheets (extract)
Real estate properties development completed	(a)		546,970		163,534		710,504
Real estate properties under development	(a)		2,328,697		1,366,120		3,694,817
Accounts receivable	(a),(b)		54,762		(17,254)		37,508
Contract assets	(c)		-		16,990		16,990
Other deposits and prepayments	(a)		142,501		26,604		169,105
Deferred tax assets	(d)		140,899		1,873		142,772
Customer deposits	(a)		654,703		1,984,801		2,639,504
Other payable and accrued liabilities	(a)		266,040		507		266,547
Deferred tax liabilities	(d)		241,199		(99,795)		141,404
Income tax payable	(a)		130,764		(15,886)		114,878
Non-controlling interest	(Note 15)		54,915		(36,261)		18,654
Retained earnings	(a),(b),(c),(d)		350,443		(269,824)		80,619
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(a),(b),(c),(d)		13,925		(5,675)		8,250

Condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income (extract)
Revenue	(a),(b)		892,075		(362,146)		529,929
Cost of revenue	(a)		(745,253)		363,407		(381,846)
Selling and distribution expenses	(c)		(27,980)		1,671		(26,309)
Income taxes	(d)		(25,919)		(1,268)		(27,187)
Net loss			(23,681)		1,664		(22,017)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest	(Note 15)		5,263		(442)		4,821
Net loss attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders			(18,418)		1,222		(17,196)

(a)Real estate sales

(b)Real estate management services income

(c)Incremental cost to obtain a contract

(d)Income taxes

Background information of business and organization (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Background information of business and organization [Abstract]

Schedule of Subsidiaries and its Consolidated Variable Interest Entities

As of June 30, 2018, subsidiaries of the Company and its consolidated variable interest entities were unchanged from December 31, 2017 except for the following entities:

Company Name

Registered Place and
Date of Incorporation

Registered Capital

Percentage of
Equity Directly
Attributable to
the Group

Principal Activities

Subsidiary companies:

Suzhou Yefang Real Estate Co., Limited. (“Suzhou Yefang”) (Note 15) (1)

PRC
April 14, 2017

RMB

100,000,000

Real estate development

Suzhou Yuxi Real Estate Co., Limited. (“Suzhou Yuxi”) (Note 15) (2)

PRC
March 5, 2018

RMB

100,000,000

100

Real estate development

Qingdao Jinguang Property Management development Co., Ltd. (“Qingdao Jinguang”) (Note 15) (3)

PRC
November 6, 2001

RMB

1,000,000

Property management services

Wuhan Yinghexin Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Wuhan Yinghexin”) (4)

PRC
January 15, 2014

RMB

100,000,000

100

Real estate development

Jinan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.(“Jinan Quansheng”) (5)

PRC
May 25, 2018

RMB

50,000,000

100

Real estate development

(1) Acquired on June 6, 2018.

(2) Acquired on June 6, 2018. The Company indirectly controls Suzhou Yuxi through its subsidiary, Suzhou Yefang, which owns 100% equity interest in Suzhou Yuxi.

(3) Acquired on May 9, 2018.

(4) Acquired on May 18, 2018.

(5) Established on May 25, 2018

Summary of significant accounting policies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Summary of significant accounting policies [Abstract]

Schedule of Information Related to VIE's

	December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018
	US$		US$
	(Audited)		(Unaudited)
Current assets		160,889,349		166,600,007
Non-current assets		287,409		270,409

Total assets		161,176,758		166,870,416

Current liabilities		132,170,781		141,066,656
Non-current liabilities		—		—

Total liabilities		132,170,781		141,066,656

	Six months ended June 30,
	2017		2018
	US$		US$
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Revenue		—		—
Cost of revenue		—		—
Net loss		(1,338,996)		(2,952,251)
Net cash used in operating activities		(5,763,624)		(6,727,117)
Net cash used in investing activities		—		—
Net cash (used in)/ provided by financing activities		(3,036,391)		6,779,704

Schedule Of Foreign Currency Translation

	June 30, 2017		December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)		(Unaudited)
Period end RMB: US$ exchange rate		6.7744		6.5342		6.6166
Period average RMB: US$ exchange rate		6.8709		6.7547		6.3673

Schedule of revenue recognized

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, revenue is recognized and disaggregated by major source as below:

	US$
	(Unaudited)
Real estate sales		488,572,840
Real estate management services income		32,883,035
Other revenue		3,325,118
Revenue from contracts with customers		524,780,993

Real estate lease income		5,148,110

Total revenue		529,929,103

Contract with Customer, Asset and Liability

The following table presents the Group’s contract balances as of June 30, 2018 and January 1, 2018:

	June 30,2018		January 1,2018
	US$’000		US$’000
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Accounts receivables		37,508		12,035
Contract assets		16,990		15,576
Customer deposits		2,639,504		2,040,386

Schedule of Revenue Recognised from Customer Deposits

The following table presents the amount of revenue recognized from:

	June 30, 2018
	US$’000
	(Unaudited)
Amounts included in the customer deposits balance at the beginning of the year		94,576

Schedule of Retained Earnings Adjustments for Adopting ASC 606

The effect of adopting ASC 606 as at January 1, 2018 was, as follows:

		As of January 1, 2018
		US$’000(Unaudited)
	Reference	As previously reported		Effects of the adoption of ASC606		Restated
		US$’000		US$’000		US$’000
Consolidated balance sheet(extract)
Real estate properties development completed	(a)		840,393		35,132		875,525
Real estate properties under development	(a)		1,996,001		1,176,120		3,172,121
Accounts receivable	(a),(b)		100,553		(88,518)		12,035
Contract assets	(c)		-		15,576		15,576
Other deposit and prepayment	(a)		272,022		24,453		296,475
Deferred tax assets	(d)		82,006		68,159		150,165
Other payables and accrued liabilities	(a)		300,118		830		300,948
Customer deposits	(a)		438,342		1,602,044		2,040,386
Deferred tax liabilities	(d)		164,204		(36,064)		128,140
Income tax payable	(a)		169,839		(18,495)		151,344
Retained earnings	(a),(b),(c),(d)		382,124		(271,046)		111,078
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(a),(b),(c),(d)		29,226		(9,198)		20,028
Non-controlling interest	(Note 15)		64,441		(37,149)		27,292

		As of June 30, 2018
		US$’000(Unaudited)
	Reference	Amounts without the adoption of ASC606		Effects of the adoption of ASC606		Amounts as reported
Condensed consolidated balance sheets (extract)
Real estate properties development completed	(a)		546,970		163,534		710,504
Real estate properties under development	(a)		2,328,697		1,366,120		3,694,817
Accounts receivable	(a),(b)		54,762		(17,254)		37,508
Contract assets	(c)		-		16,990		16,990
Other deposits and prepayments	(a)		142,501		26,604		169,105
Deferred tax assets	(d)		140,899		1,873		142,772
Customer deposits	(a)		654,703		1,984,801		2,639,504
Other payable and accrued liabilities	(a)		266,040		507		266,547
Deferred tax liabilities	(d)		241,199		(99,795)		141,404
Income tax payable	(a)		130,764		(15,886)		114,878
Non-controlling interest	(Note 15)		54,915		(36,261)		18,654
Retained earnings	(a),(b),(c),(d)		350,443		(269,824)		80,619
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(a),(b),(c),(d)		13,925		(5,675)		8,250

Condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income (extract)
Revenue	(a),(b)		892,075		(362,146)		529,929
Cost of revenue	(a)		(745,253)		363,407		(381,846)
Selling and distribution expenses	(c)		(27,980)		1,671		(26,309)
Income taxes	(d)		(25,919)		(1,268)		(27,187)
Net loss			(23,681)		1,664		(22,017)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest	(Note 15)		5,263		(442)		4,821
Net loss attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders			(18,418)		1,222		(17,196)

(a)Real estate sales

(b)Real estate management services income

(c)Incremental cost to obtain a contract

(d)Income taxes

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of the significant judgments and assumptions made in determining whether a variable interest (as defined) held by the entity requires the variable interest entity (VIE) (as defined) to be consolidated and (or) disclose information about its involvement with the VIE, individually or in aggregate (as applicable); the nature of restrictions, if any, on the consolidated VIE's assets and on the settlement of its liabilities reported by an entity in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets and liabilities; the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with involvement in the VIE; how involvement with the VIE affects the entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows; the lack of recourse if creditors (or beneficial interest holders) of the consolidated VIE have no recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary (if applicable); the terms of arrangements, giving consideration to both explicit arrangements and implicit variable interests, if any, that could require the entity to provide financial support to the VIE, including events or circumstances that could expose the entity to a loss; the methodology used by the entity for determining whether or not it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity; the significant factors considered and judgments made in determining that the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance are shared (as defined); the carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities of the VIE included in the statement of financial position; the entity's maximum exposure to loss, if any, as a result of its involvement with the VIE, including how the maximum exposure is determined and significant sources of the entity's exposure to the VIE; a comparison of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities and the entity's maximum exposure to loss; information about any liquidity arrangements, guarantees, and (or) other commitments by third parties that may affect the fair value or risk of the entity's variable interest in the VIE; whether or not the entity has provided financial support or other support (explicitly or implicitly) to the VIE that it was not previously contractually required to provide or whether the entity intends to provide that support, including the type and amount of the support and the primary reasons for providing the support; and supplemental information the entity determines necessary to provide.

+ References + Details

Short-term investments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Short-term investments [Abstract]

Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis

	December 31, 2017
	US$ (Audited)
	Quoted Price in Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Input (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Input (Level 3)
Trading securities:
Debt securities		888,067		-		-
REITs		21,239,128		-		-
Money market instruments		26,577,133		-		-
Equity securities		9,035,230		-		-

Total		57,739,558		-		-

	June 30, 2018
	US$ (Unaudited)
	Quoted Price in Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Input (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Input (Level 3)
Trading securities:
REITs		19,988,652		-		-
Equity securities		3,687,946		-		-
Investment product		-		-		75,567,512

Total		23,676,598		-		75,567,512

Schedule of Reconciliation of the Assets Measured at Fair Value

The following table presents a reconciliation of the assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the six months ended June 30, 2018:

	US$ (Unaudited)
Balance as of December 31, 2017		-
Recognized during the year		75,567,512
Unrealized gain		-
Effect of foreign currency translation		-
Balance as of June 30, 2018 (unaudited)		75,567,512
The amount of total unrealized gain for the six months ended June 30, 2018 included in gain (unaudited)		-

Schedule of Short-term Investments

	December 31, 2017
	US$ (Audited)
	Aggregate fair value		Cost		Unrealized gain in profit
Trading securities:
Debt securities		888,067		784,946		103,121
REITs		21,239,128		20,044,583		1,194,545
Money market instrument		26,577,133		26,574,990		2,143
Equity securities		9,035,230		8,239,060		796,170

Total		57,739,558		55,643,579		2,095,979

	June 30, 2018
	US$ (Unaudited)
	Aggregate fair value		Cost		Unrealized loss in profit
Trading securities:
REITs		19,988,652		20,450,551		(461,899)
Equity securities		3,687,946		4,163,356		(475,410)
Investment product		75,567,512		75,567,512		-

Total		99,244,110		100,181,419		(937,309)

Real estate properties development completed and under development (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Real estate properties development completed and under development [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Real Estate Properties Development Completed, Under Development and Held For Sale

The following summarizes the components of real estate properties under development at December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018:

	December 31,			June 30,
	2017			2018
	US$			US$
	(Audited)			(Unaudited)
Development completed:
Zhengzhou Century East A		2,293,021			3,977,694
Suzhou International City Garden		441,934			763,455
Jinan Xinyuan Splendid		4,349,276			4,824,403
Zhengzhou Xin City		15,052,135			14,776,071
Beijing Xindo Park		52,675,024			44,193,142
Suzhou Lake Royal Palace		3,400,095			6,927,991
Xingyang Splendid I		15,528,607			16,642,591
Zhengzhou Thriving Family		16,834,270			15,175,202
Shanghai Yipin Royal Palace		90,003,702			84,889,804
New York Oosten		131,656,360			125,898,187
Chengdu Thriving Family		146,791,480			102,485,820
Sanya Yazhou Bay No.1		97,350,745			98,910,945
Xi’an Metropolitan		127,107,105			111,610,957
Kunshan Royal Palace		9,782,983			-
Jinan Xin Central		77,779,716			72,846,860
Changsha Xinyuan Splendid		49,346,740			6,581,082

Real estate properties development completed		840,393,193			710,504,204

Underdevelopment:
Current:
Xuzhou Colorful City		39,903,835			47,011,818
Xingyang Splendid II		49,848,748			36,952,154
Xingyang Splendid III		47,475,624			54,184,442
Xingyang Splendid IV		8,433,926			9,599,483
Zhengzhou Xindo Park		86,116,485			41,234,938
Jinan Royal Palace		227,113,681			297,103,105
Zhengzhou Fancy City I		43,895,304			21,122,342
Tianjin Spring Royal Palace I		26,044,650			85,023,144
Henan Xin Central I		54,380,998			44,542,549
Henan Xin Central II		68,783,659			85,978,280
Zhengzhou Fancy City II (South)		16,036,363			84,930,686
Zhengzhou Fancy City II (North)		52,672,711			62,014,286
Kunshan Xindo Park		84,020,974			89,899,097
Zhengzhou International New City I		173,061,962			263,272,717
Zhengzhou International New City II		135,671,000			157,446,599
Tongzhou Xinyuan Royal Palace		200,296,958			206,465,605
Changsha Mulian Royal Palace		89,289,525			101,677,999
XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd		11,135,393			11,803,837
Hudson Garden Project		84,953,745			94,467,300
Flushing Project		83,282,854			87,878,498
Changsha Furong Thriving Family		59,459,200			65,576,795
Zhengzhou International New City III A		74,241,651			79,674,714
Zhuhai Xin World		93,205,573			97,284,719
Xinyuan Chang’an Royal Palace		134,714,398			139,437,782
Kunshan Xinyu Jiayuan		137,704,916			144,945,052
Zhengzhou International New City Pending Staging		216,520,610			427,955,252
Zhengzhou Hangmei Project		42,437,196			58,489,947
Xinyuan Golden Water View City		337,850,952			379,930,614
Suzhou Yinhewan Project		42,061,346			41,367,108
Xi’an Metropolitan II		5,543,530			5,549,961
Zhengzhou International New City III B		80,790,689			81,177,016
Zhengzhou International New City III C		39,551,333			45,911,787
Zhengzhou International New City III D		31,316,650			35,688,774
Tianjin Spring Royal Palace II		42,704,121			50,994,340
Zhengzhou Fancy City III		-			73,045,937
Jinan Zhangqiu Project		-			10,322,769
Suzhou Liuyuan Project		-			36,843,487
Wuhan New Project		-			114,123,333

		2,920,520,560			3,770,928,266
Profit recognized		396,756,891			25,484,914
Progress billings		(1,321,276,798	)		(101,596,622	)

Total real estate properties under development		1,996,000,653			3,694,816,558

Total real estate properties development completed and under development		2,836,393,846			4,405,320,762

Long-term investment (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Long-term Investments [Abstract]

Schedule of Long-term Investment

As of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, the long-term investment consisted of the following:

	Initial Cost		Ownership			December 31, 2017
	US$					US$
Cost method investees
Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd.		241,648		1.85	%		241,648
Zhengzhou Taike Real Estate Co., Ltd.		738,073		3.75	%		738,073
Equity method investee
Shenzhen Zhong An Financial Lease Co., Ltd.		7,639,186		25	%		8,207,136
Zhengzhou Xinci Health Service Co. Ltd.		1,290,135		60	%		1,202,661
Shenzhen Qianhai Jingjie City Renewal Investment Partnership (limited partnership)		8,118,800		n/a			8,118,800
Qingdao Huiju Zhihui City Industrial Development Co., Ltd.		413,210,492		49	%		412,593,226
Wuhu Penghong Investment Center (Limited Partnership)		30,608,185		n/a			30,608,185
Wuhu Penghua Tenth Investment Center (Limited Partnership)		367,298,216		n/a			367,298,216
Chengdu Xinyuan Renju Enterprise management Co., Ltd.		765,205		10	%		765,205
Total							829,773,150

	Initial Cost		Ownership			June 30, 2018
	US$					US$
Cost method investees
Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Zhengzhou Lianhe”)		241,648		1.85	%		302,270
Zhengzhou Taike Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Zhengzhou Taike”)		738,073		3.75	%		755,675
Equity method investees
Shenzhen Zhong An Financial Lease Co., Ltd.		7,639,186		25	%		7,683,611
Zhengzhou Xinci Health Service Co. Ltd.		1,290,135		60	%		1,004,446
Shenzhen Qianhai Jingjie City Renewal Investment Partnership (limited partnership)		8,118,800		n/a			8,312,426
Qingdao Huiju Zhihui City Industrial Development Co., Ltd.		505,162,873		49	%		496,924,847
Wuhu Penghong Investment Center (Limited Partnership)		30,608,185		n/a			28,107,732
Wuhu Penghua Tenth Investment Center (Limited Partnership)		214,257,292		n/a			208,024,894
Chengdu Xinyuan Renju Enterprise management Co., Ltd.		765,205		10	%		755,675
Zhengzhou Jiahe Real Estate Co., Ltd		44,291,183		33.5	%		42,180,548
Suzhou Hengwan Real Estate Co., Ltd		18,613,537		16.66	%		17,487,133
Madison Developments Limited.		19,095,969		50	%		18,891,428
Henan Qingning Apartment Management Co., Ltd.		3,224,895		51	%		3,084,379
Suzhou Litai Real Estate Co., Ltd.		9,284,103		19.99	%		8,992,734
Total							842,507,798

Cost method investees

The following table summarizes the movement of the Company’s investment in Zhengzhou Lianhe and Zhengzhou Taike for the six months ended June 30, 2018:

	June 30, 2018
	US$
Balance as of January 1, 2018		979,721
Impairment on cost method investments		-
Exchange translation adjustment		78,224
Balance as of June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)		1,057,945

Short-term bank loans and other debt (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Short-term bank loans and other debt [Abstract]

Schedule of Short-Term Loans

	December 31,		June 30,
	2017		2018
	US$		US$
Loan from The Bank of East Asia
Due June 1, 2018, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR (2)		34,421,617		-
Due June 1, 2019, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR (2)		-		34,421,617
Due September 27, 2018, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR (3)		24,294,636		24,294,636
Due January 10, 2019, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR (4)		-		3,174,803

		58,716,253		61,891,056

Loan from Huarong International Trust Co., Ltd. Limited
Due August 9, 2018, at 8.50% per annum (1)		20,522,788		-

Loan from Henan Zhongyuan Microfinance Co., Ltd.
Due July 27, 2018, at 10.00% per annum		7,652,046		7,556,687

Loan from Zhongyuan Aviation Leasing Co.,Ltd.
Due November 23, 2018, at 10.00% per annum (5)		15,304,092		15,113,502

Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd.
Due May 29, 2018, at 9.50% per annum (1)		41,933,213		-
Due November 29, 2018, at 9.50% per annum (1)		45,912,277		-
		87,845,490		-

Loan from China Huarong Asset Management Co., Ltd.Shaanxi Branch
Due December 14, 2018, at 11.50% per annum		15,304,092		15,113,502

Loan from Kunlun Trust Co., Ltd.
Due December 28, 2018, at 8.20% per annum		38,260,231		67,663,150

Uncommitted on-demand revolving facilities from Bank of China International Limited
1.00% plus LIBOR (1)		3,935,538		-
1.00% plus HIBOR (1)		217,765		-
		4,153,303		-

Total short-term bank loans and other debt		247,758,295		167,337,897

(1)	These loans were paid in full during first half year of 2018.

(2)

(3)	Pursuant to the agreements with the Bank of East Asia this short-term debt is denominated in US$ and is secured by restricted cash of US$25,735,272 (December 31, 2017: US$26,059,808).

(4)	Pursuant to the agreements with the Bank of East Asia this short-term debt is denominated in US$ and is secured by restricted cash of US$3,324,971 (December 31, 2017: nil).

(5)

Long-term bank loans (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Schedule of Long-Term Bank Loans

Long-term bank loans as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018 consisted of the following:

	December 31,		June 30,
	2017		2018
	US$		US$
Loan from Industrial and Commercial bank of China (“ICBC”)
Due December 26, 2021, at 6.175% per annum (1)		147,938,539		133,500,589
Due December 22, 2021, at 6.175% per annum (1)		73,970,800		66,753,317
Due December 30, 2021, at 6.60% per annum (1)		68,051,177		61,410,694
Due December 22, 2021, at 9.80% per annum (8)		-		55,013,149
		289,960,516		316,677,749
Loan from China Guangfa Bank
Due December 15, 2018, at 4.75% per annum (5)		8,539,683		-
Due October 20, 2019, at 6.4125% per annum (2)		14,691,929		13,058,066

		23,231,612		13,058,066
Loan from Bank of China
Due March 27, 2018, at 5.23% per annum (5)		22,956,138		-
Due July 6, 2020, at 5.46% per annum (5)		22,956,138		-
Due March 30, 2020, at 6.65% per annum (1)		-		45,340,507
		45,912,276		45,340,507

Loan from Bank of Bohai
Due March 14, 2019 at 5.415% per annum (6)		39,025,435		30,982,680

Loan from Bank of Beijing
Due February 14, 2020 at 4.75% per annum (1)		49,374,063		48,759,181

Loan from The Bank of East Asia
Due April 26, 2018, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR (5)		13,250,000		-
Due June 1, 2018, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR (4)		9,675,655		-
Due June 1, 2019, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR (3),(4)		-		9,675,654
Due June 5, 2018, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR (4)		10,000,000		-
Due June 5, 2019, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR (3),(4)		-		10,000,000
Due August 15, 2018, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR (3)		20,000,000		20,000,000
Due August 30, 2018, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR (3)		9,700,000		9,700,000
Due September 19, 2018, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR (3)		2,220,000		2,220,000

		64,845,655		51,595,654

Loan from Ping An Bank Co., Ltd.
Due May 31, 2021, at 6.8875% per annum (1)		-		90,681,014

Loan from China Construction Bank
Due April 4, 2019, at 6.175% per annum (1)		-		35,516,731
Due July 2, 2021, at 6.65% per annum(7)		-		58,942,659
Due August 31, 2021, at 7.9% per annum		-		18,136,203
		-		112,595,593
Loan from Bank of Minsheng Xi'an Branch
Due June 14, 2031, at 8.50% per annum (9)		-		66,197,141

Total		512,349,557		775,887,585
Less: current portion of long-term bank loans		(501,330,611)		(478,363,177)

Total long-term bank loans		11,018,946		297,524,408

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)	The loan contract with the Bank of East Asia was amended to extend the maturity date of the loan. The Company accounted for the amendments, which did not result in a debt extinguishment pursuant to ASC 470-50, Debt – Modifications and Exchanges.

(5)	These loans were paid in full as of June 30, 2018.

(6)

Pursuant to the agreement with Bank of Bohai, the debt is secured by US$1,349,636 restricted cash (December 31, 2017: US$1,366,655) and partially repaid in 2018.

(7)

Pursuant to the agreement with China Construction Bank, the debt is secured by US$19,647,553 restricted cash (December 31, 2017: nil).

(8)

Pursuant to the agreement with ICBC, the debt is secured by US$75,567,512 restricted cash (December 31, 2017: nil).

(9)

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of long-debt instruments or arrangements, including identification, terms, features, collateral requirements and other information necessary to a fair presentation. These are debt arrangements that originally required repayment more than twelve months after issuance or greater than the normal operating cycle of the entity, if longer.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84159872&loc=d3e21475-112644

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 470
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=75038535&loc=d3e64711-112823

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(e),(f))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 55
-Paragraph 8
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64930739&loc=d3e28878-108400

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84159872&loc=d3e21538-112644

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84159872&loc=d3e21506-112644

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1A
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64930785&loc=d3e28541-108399

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64930785&loc=d3e28551-108399

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84159872&loc=d3e21521-112644

+ Details

Other long-term debt (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Other Long-Term Debt [Member]

Schedule of Related Party Transactions

Other Long-term Debt

	December 31,		June 30,
	2017		2018
	US$		US$
	(Audited)		(Unaudited)
August 2019 Senior Notes due on August 30, 2019 at 8.125%		295,270,134		296,245,772
February 2021 Senior Secured Notes due on February 28, 2021 at 7.75%		286,865,011		287,753,410
November 2020 Senior Secured notes due on November 22, 2020 at 8.875%		293,742,826		294,887,384
March 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on March 12, 2020 at 9.875%		-		196,447,040
Corporate bonds due on December 28, 2020 at 7.50%		152,661,716		150,891,610
Corporate bonds due on January 27, 2021 at 7.47%		107,005,532		105,764,686

Corporate bonds due on March 14, 2021 at 7.09%	76,420,211	75,534,045
Corporate bonds due on August 15, 2019 at 8.20%	226,122,693	223,448,279
Corporate bonds due on April 7, 2020 at 8.20%	172,188,160	166,206,677
Collateralized loan due on May 10, 2018 at 7.501% (1)	28,312,572	-
Collateralized loan due on May 22, 2020 at 8.50% (2)	135,992,164	226,702,536
Collateralized loan due on November 6, 2018 at 8.20%	6,387,795	6,308,244
Collateralized loan due on January 4, 2019 at 8.20%	2,794,660	2,759,857
Collateralized loan due on July 31, 2021 at 8.00% (3)	48,973,095	38,690,566
Collateralized loan due on August 2, 2021 at 8.00% (4)	5,662,515	4,473,598
Collateralized loan due on September 6, 2019 at 8.50%	15,304,092	15,113,502
Collateralized loan due on October 30, 2019 at 9.00%	2,479,263	2,448,387
Collateralized loan due on November 2, 2019 at 9.00%	28,128,922	27,778,618
Collateralized loan due on November 23, 2024 at 6.90%	40,173,242	37,028,081
Collateralized loan due on March 17, 2020 at 7.37%	35,199,412	34,761,056
Collateralized loan due on November 30, 2019 at 10.32% (5)	214,257,293	241,680,017
Collateralized loan due on November 30, 2019 at 10.00% (5)	45,912,277	45,340,507
Non-controlling shareholder’s loan due on May 30, 2019 at 8.50% (1), (6)	246,778,489	76,957,954
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on January 23, 2020 at 5.95% (1), (7)	10,000,000	9,500,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on April 30, 2020 at 5.95% (7)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on June 25, 2020 at 5.95% (7)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 4, 2020 at 5.95% (7)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 20, 2020 at 5.95% (7)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on October 1, 2020 at 5.95% (7)	10,000,000	10,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on November 23, 2020 at 5.95% (7)	10,000,000	10,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on March 15, 2021 at 5.95% (7)	9,500,000	9,500,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on September 12, 2021 at 5.95% (7)	500,000	500,000
Ozarks loan due on March 24, 2020 at 4.50% plus 1 month LIBOR (8)	22,283,892	23,139,318
Bank Direct Capital Finance loan due on January 1, 2020 at 4.19% (9)	2,801,117	2,380,790

Total principal of other long-term debt	2,551,717,082	2,642,241,934
Less: current portion of other long-term debt	(1,146,902,643)	(1,212,015,640)
Total other long-term debt	1,404,814,439	1,430,226,294

(1)	These loans were paid in full or partially repaid during first half year of 2018.

(2)	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping’an Trust Co., Ltd., this other long-term debt is secured by the Group’s equity interest in Qingdao Huiju.

(3)	Pursuant to the entrust loan agreements with CITIC Trust Co.,Ltd., the debt is secured by the Group’s equity interest in Henan Xinyuan Guangsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. and US$15,113,502 restricted cash (December 31, 2017: US$15,304,092).

(4)	Pursuant to the entrust loan agreements with CITIC Trust Co.,Ltd., the debt is secured by the Group’s equity interest in Henan Xinyuan Guangsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.

(5)	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping’an Trust Co., Ltd., the debt is secured by the Group’s 51% equity interest of Henan Renxin Real Estate Co., Ltd..

(6)	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping’an Trust Co., Ltd., which is the non-controlling shareholder of Ruihao Rongtong, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group’s 65% equity interest in Ruihao Rongtong.

(7)	Pursuant to the agreements with Kent EB-5 LLC, this other long-term debt amounting to US$59.5 million in total, is denominated in US$ with maturity dates that vary from January 23, 2020 to September 12, 2021.

(8)

(9)	Pursuant to the agreements with Bank Direct Capital Finance, this other long-term debt is denominated in US$ and unsecured, and repayable by month.

Related party and employee transactions (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

(a)

Amounts due from related parties

	December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018
	US$		US$
Current:
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd. (“Starry Sky”)		5,909,736		5,549,420
Beijing Aijieli Technology Development Co., Ltd.		12,889,735		16,212,740
Beijing Ruizhuo Xitou Technology Development Co., Ltd.		10,429,990		11,355,487
Beijing Ruizhuo Xichuang Technology Development Co., Ltd.		3,576,543		5,553,607
Chengdu Renju		35,199,433		35,194,763
Guangzhou Huanglong		38,934,992		-
Qingdao Huiju		18,721,643		40,283,690
Madison Developments Limited		-		21,202,369
Zhengzhou Jiahe		-		779,255
Gongyi Gongrong Real Estate Co., Ltd.		-		155,324
Total current amounts due from related party		125,662,072		136,286,655

Non current:
Xinzheng Meihang Network Technology Co., Ltd.		24,665,944		25,716,014
Gongyi Gongrong Real Estate Co., Ltd.		-		4,304,325
Total non current amounts due from related party		24,665,944		30,020,339

Total		150,328,016		166,306,994

(b)

Amounts due to related party

	December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018
	US$		US$
Current:
Suzhou Fuchao Enterprise Management Consulting Co., Ltd.		23,387,006		24,428,572
Nanjing Gold Pedestal Real Estate Development Co., Ltd.		23,388,992		22,194,795
Suzhou Country Garden Real Estate Development Co.,Ltd.		23,385,379		14,631,484
Taicang Guangyuan Real Estate Development Co., Ltd.		23,387,006		22,191,835
Suzhou Fuyi Enterprise Management Consulting Co., Ltd.		7,470,721		7,678,746
Suzhou Guozhan Commercial Plaza Development Co., Ltd.		7,470,721		7,678,746
Kunshan Shine Land Group Co., Ltd		7,470,721		7,678,746
Shanghai Cifi Enterprise Management Co., Ltd.		7,431,209		7,678,746
Shanghai Xinbi Real Estate Development Co., Ltd.		3,671,987		3,882,160
Changxing Xinbi Investment Management Partnership (limited partnership)		743,121		763,973
Foshan Shunde District Gongheng Investment Co., Ltd.		371,560		381,986

Total current amounts due to related party		128,178,423		119,189,789

Non current:
Xinzheng Meihang Network Technology Co., Ltd.		29,917,961		30,964,004

Total		158,096,384		150,153,793

(c)

Amounts due from employees

	December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018
	US$		US$
Advances to employees		2,174,302		3,307,123

Earnings/(loss) per share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Earnings per share [Abstract]

Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

	Six months ended June 30,
	2017		2018
	US$		US$
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Numerator:
Net income/(loss) attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders - basic and diluted		16,538,924		(17,196,007)
Denominator:
Number of shares outstanding, basic		128,317,210		129,606,854
Stock options		1,816,284		2,207,127
Weighted average number of RSU Stocks		1,423,997		349,420

Number of shares outstanding-diluted		131,557,491		132,163,401

Basic earnings/(loss) per share		0.13		(0.13)
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share		0.13		(0.13)

Segment reporting (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Summary of Information by Segment

Summary information by operating segment is as follows:

																							United
June 30, 2018	Henan		Shandong		Jiangsu		Sichuan		Beijing		Hainan		Hunan		Shanghai		Tianjin		Shaanxi		Guangdong		States		Others		Consolidated
	US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$

Total revenue		140,228,789		39,520,440		146,090,415		37,438,234		13,693,957		49,280,065		42,566,423		323,478		10,991,697		8,627,461		—		9,059,555		32,108,589		529,929,103
Total cost of revenue		(101,767,210)		(31,689,395)		(100,163,514)		(41,569,598)		(9,527,601)		(17,780,943)		(34,510,447)		(139,853)		(8,436,869)		(7,639,844)		—		(9,643,313)		(18,977,519)		(381,846,106)
Gross profit		38,461,579		7,831,045		45,926,901		(4,131,364)		4,166,356		31,499,122		8,055,976		183,625		2,554,828		987,617		—		(583,758)		13,131,070		148,082,997
Operating income/(loss)		15,945,631		3,351,264		39,922,601		(5,318,747)		(21,471,467)		29,126,243		1,009,546		42,958		1,458,861		(1,520,594)		—		(3,519,757)		2,266,431		61,292,970
Total assets		3,582,988,491		665,859,036		1,148,788,934		382,544,788		329,644,913		123,813,809		292,940,732		98,449,987		198,014,138		426,812,252		126,175,849		353,982,307		418,805,184		8,148,820,420

																							United
June 30, 2017	Henan		Shandong		Jiangsu		Sichuan		Beijing		Hainan		Hunan		Shanghai		Tianjin		Shaanxi		Guangdong		States		Others		Consolidated
	US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$		US$

Total revenue		310,052,480		90,048,443		83,735,642		27,328,499		(358,452)		64,349,469		45,475,935		66,515		20,884,490		25,017,000		—		85,213,505		17,064,802		768,878,328
Total cost of revenue		(204,360,388)		(74,796,010)		(85,664,472)		(25,417,147)		171,568		(43,922,474)		(36,779,295)		(1,193,203)		(12,049,740)		(18,934,711)		—		(82,424,628)		(13,018,729)		(598,389,229)
Gross profit		105,692,092		15,252,433		(1,928,830)		1,911,352		(186,884)		20,426,995		8,696,640		(1,126,688)		8,834,750		6,082,289		—		2,788,877		4,046,073		170,489,099
Operating income/(loss)		81,467,812		11,917,385		(7,201,671)		84,765		(15,298,935)		14,850,256		6,342,476		(1,756,304)		5,528,244		2,373,289		—		(3,589,348)		(7,627,598)		87,090,371
Total assets		1,455,874,656		458,638,434		603,555,687		237,504,997		305,989,521		129,322,390		272,212,733		102,368,555		99,211,187		458,639,745		88,928,527		330,737,398		363,884,460		4,906,868,290

Commitments and contingencies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Commitments and contingencies [Abstract]

Schedule of Future Minimum Payments Under Operating Leases

As of June 30, 2018, the Group had the following operating lease obligations falling due:

	Amount
	US$
	(Unaudited)
July 1, 2018 - June 30, 2019		6,686,146
July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2020		3,481,687
July 1, 2020 - June 30, 2021		1,743,325
July 1, 2021 - June 30, 2022		467,990
July 1, 2022 and thereafter		638,478

Total		13,017,626

Schedule of Capital Lease Obligations

As of June 30, 2018, the Group had the following minimum lease payments (excluding the portion of the payments representing executory costs, including any profit thereon) falling due:

	Amount
	US$
	(Unaudited)
July 1, 2018 - June 30, 2019		6,119,291
July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2020		5,019,045
July 1, 2020 - June 30, 2021		5,019,045
July 1, 2021 and thereafter		-
Total minimum lease payments		16,157,381
Less interest		(2,690,677)
Capital lease obligations		13,466,704
Current maturities of capital lease obligations		(5,058,979)
Long-term capital lease obligations		8,407,725

Schedule of Outstanding Commitments

As of June 30, 2018, the Group had outstanding commitments with respect to non-cancelable construction contracts for real estate development and land use rights purchases as follows:

	Amount
	US$
	(Unaudited)
July 1, 2018 - June 30, 2019		737,179,462
July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2020		263,862,052
July 1, 2020 - June 30, 2021		88,435,647
July 1, 2021 - June 30, 2022		-
July 1, 2022 and thereafter		-

Total		1,089,477,161

Accumulated other comprehensive income (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Accumulated other comprehensive income [Abstract]

Schedule of Accumulated other comprehensive income

The movement of accumulated other comprehensive income is as follows:

	Foreign currency
	translation adjustments
	US$
Balance as of December 31, 2017 (Audited)		29,225,736
Other comprehensive loss (unaudited)		(20,976,230)

Balance as of June 30, 2018 (unaudited)		8,249,506

Non-controlling interests (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Non-controlling interests [Abstract]

Schedule of Movement of Non-Controlling Interest

The movement of non-controlling interest is as follows:

	Amount
	US$
Balance as of December 31, 2017 (Audited)		64,441,277
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest(unaudited)		(4,820,750)
Adjustment to opening balance of equity (Note 2) (unaudited)		(37,149,001)
Distribution to non-controlling interests (unaudited)		(35,846,020)
Capital injection into Suzhou Yefang, Suzhou Yuxi and Qingdao Jinguang (unaudited)		31,637,196
Effect of exchange rate (unaudited)		391,451

Balance as of June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)		18,654,153

Background information of business and organization (Details) - CNY (¥)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Jun. 06, 2018

Suzhou Yefang Real Estate Co., Limited. ("Suzhou Yefang") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

^[1]

Apr. 14, 2017

Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group

^[1]

¥ 100,000,000

20.00%

^[1]

100.00%

Suzhou Yuxi Real Estate Co., Limited. ("Suzhou Yuxi") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

^[2]

Mar. 05, 2018

Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group

^[2]

¥ 100,000,000

^[2]

100.00%

Qingdao Jinguang Property Management development Co., Ltd. ("Qingdao Jinguang") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

^[3]

Nov. 06, 2001

Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group

^[3]

¥ 1,000,000

^[3]

60.00%

Wuhan Yinghexin Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Wuhan Yinghexin") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

^[4]

Jan. 15, 2014

Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group

^[4]

¥ 100,000,000

^[4]

100.00%

Jinan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Jinan Quansheng") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

^[5]

May 25, 2018

Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group

^[5]

¥ 50,000,000

^[5]

100.00%

[1]	Acquired on June 6, 2018.
[2]	Acquired on June 6, 2018. The Company indirectly controls Suzhou Yuxi through its subsidiary, Suzhou Yefang, which owns 100% equity interest in Suzhou Yuxi.
[3]	Acquired on May 9, 2018.
[4]	Acquired on May 18, 2018.
[5]	Established on May 25, 2018

Summary of significant accounting policies (Basis of presentation and consolidation) (Details)
¥ in Millions

1 Months Ended

6 Months Ended

May 23, 2017

USD ($)

May 23, 2017

CNY (¥)

Sep. 18, 2016

USD ($)

Sep. 18, 2016

CNY (¥)

Jun. 30, 2018

USD ($)

Jun. 30, 2017

USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2017

USD ($)

Feb. 28, 2017

Jun. 28, 2016

Mar. 01, 2016

May 06, 2015

USD ($)

May 06, 2015

CNY (¥)

Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group

25.00%

Current assets

$ 6,624,680,020

$ 5,070,212,481

TOTAL ASSETS

8,148,820,420

$ 4,906,868,290

6,384,434,270

Current liabilities

5,520,193,997

3,674,819,498

Total liabilities

7,459,952,254

5,327,421,144

529,929,103

^[1],[2]

768,878,328

(381,846,106)

^[2]

(598,389,229)

Net cash used in operating activities

(17,196,007)

16,538,924

(229,548,781)

(129,743,970)

Net cash used in investing activities

(13,303,571)

(11,295,426)

Net cash (used in)/ provided by financing activities

261,904,415

488,103,643

Amounts due to subsidiaries of the Group

119,189,789

128,178,423

Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]

Current assets

166,600,007

160,889,349

Non-current assets

270,409

287,409

TOTAL ASSETS

166,870,416

161,176,758

Current liabilities

141,066,656

132,170,781

Non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

141,066,656

132,170,781

Net cash used in operating activities

(2,952,251)

(1,338,996)

(6,727,117)

(5,763,624)

Net cash used in investing activities

Net cash (used in)/ provided by financing activities

6,779,704

$ (3,036,391)

Land use right securing long-term debt

153,842,685

155,782,729

Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member] | Consolidation, Eliminations [Member]

Amounts due to subsidiaries of the Group

$ 137,296,488

$ 126,623,561

Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Ruihao Rongtong") [Member]

Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group

65.00%

Paid-up Capital

$ 37,600,000

¥ 250.0

Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)

35.00%

10.00%

35.00%

5.00%

20.00%

Proceeds from other debt

$ 246,800,000

¥ 1,610.0

$ 124,300,000

¥ 862.5

Percentage of non-controlling equity interest that will be repurchased by the entity

35.00%

[1]

Real estate management services income In light of ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, the Group reassessed its exposure to credit risk for the services that will be transferred to the customer, specifically, evaluating the customer’s ability and intention to pay the contract consideration when it is due. As a result of this evaluation, the Group will recognize revenue in the amount to which the Group has a right to invoice and corresponds directly with the value of performance completed. Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased accounts receivable, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$2.6 million, US$0.1 million and US$1.9 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased accounts receivable, accumulated other comprehensive income, revenue and retained earnings by US$6.4 million, US$0.1 million US$4.0 million and US$5.9 million, respectively.

[2]

Summary of significant accounting policies (Details)	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
Summary of significant accounting policies (Details)	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017
Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Period end RMB: US$ exchange rate	6.6166	6.7744	6.5342
Period average RMB: US$ exchange rate	6.3673	6.8709	6.7547

Summary of significant accounting policies (Effect of change in estimate) (Details) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Effect of change in estimate:
Gross profit	$ 148,082,997	$ 170,489,099
Net income	$ (17,196,007)	$ 16,538,924
Basic	$ (0.13)	$ 0.13
Diluted	$ (0.13)	$ 0.13
Contracts Accounted for under Percentage of Completion [Member] \| Certain Real Estate Development Projects [Member]
Effect of change in estimate:
Gross profit	$ 10,600,000
Net income	$ 8,000,000
Basic	$ 0.06
Diluted	$ 0.06

Summary of significant accounting policies (Revenue recognized and disaggregated by major source) (Details) - USD ($)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Jun. 30, 2017

Real estate sales

$ 488,572,840

$ 746,338,113

Real estate management services income

32,883,035

16,793,921

Other revenue

3,325,118

1,153,429

Revenue from contracts with customers

524,780,993

Real estate lease income

5,148,110

4,592,865

$ 529,929,103

^[1],[2]

$ 768,878,328

[1]

[2]

Summary of significant accounting policies (Schedule of contract balance) (Details) - USD ($)

Jun. 30, 2018

Jan. 02, 2018

Dec. 31, 2017

Accounts receivables

$ 37,508,071

^[1],[2]

$ 12,035,000

^[1],[2]

$ 100,553,481

16,990,000

15,576,000

$ 2,639,504,497

^[2]

$ 2,040,386,000

^[2]

$ 438,341,713

[1]

[2]

Summary of significant accounting policies (Schedule of customer deposits) (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)
Amounts included in the customer deposits balance at the beginning of the year	$ 94,576

Summary of significant accounting policies (Schedule of Retained Earnings Adjustments for Adopting ASC 606) (Details) - USD ($)

Jun. 30, 2018

Jan. 02, 2018

Dec. 31, 2017

$ 710,504,204

^[1]

$ 875,525,000

^[1]

$ 840,393,193

3,694,816,558

^[1]

3,172,121,000

^[1]

1,996,000,653

37,508,071

^[1],[2]

12,035,000

^[1],[2]

100,553,481

16,989,638

^[3]

15,576,000

^[3]

^[1]

296,475,000

142,772,040

^[4]

150,165,000

^[4]

82,006,132

266,546,596

^[1]

300,948,000

^[1]

300,118,332

2,639,504,497

^[1]

2,040,386,000

^[1]

438,341,713

141,404,450

^[4]

128,140,000

^[4]

164,203,580

^[1]

151,344,000

80,619,205

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

111,078,000

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

382,123,692

8,249,506

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

20,028,000

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

29,225,736

Previously Reported [Member]

18,654,153

27,292,000

$ 64,441,277

^[1]

546,970,000

840,393,000

^[1]

2,328,697,000

1,996,001,000

^[1],[2]

54,762,000

100,553,000

^[3]

^[1]

272,022,000

^[4]

140,899,000

82,006,000

^[1]

266,040,000

300,118,000

^[1]

654,703,000

438,342,000

^[4]

241,199,000

164,204,000

^[1]

169,839,000

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

350,443,000

382,124,000

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

13,925,000

29,226,000

Restatement Adjustment [Member]

54,915,000

64,441,000

^[1]

163,534,000

35,132,000

^[1]

1,366,120,000

1,176,120,000

^[1],[2]

(17,254,000)

(88,518,000)

^[3]

16,990,000

15,576,000

^[1]

24,453,000

^[4]

1,873,000

68,159,000

^[1]

507,000

830,000

^[1]

1,984,801,000

1,602,044,000

^[4]

(99,795,000)

(36,064,000)

^[1]

(18,495,000)

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

(269,824,000)

(271,046,000)

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

(5,675,000)

(9,198,000)

$ (36,261,000)

$ (37,149,000)

[1]	Real estate sales A significant portion of the Group’s revenue is derived from real estate sales of development properties in the PRC. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Group recognizes revenue using the percentage-of-completion ("POC”) method on the sale of individual units when (i) construction is beyond a preliminary stage; and (ii) the buyer is committed to the extent of being unable to require a refund except for non-delivery of the unit; and (iii) sufficient units have already been sold to assure that the entire property will not revert to rental property; and (iv) sales prices are collectible; and (iv) aggregate sales proceeds and costs can be reasonably estimated. Under ASC 606, to recognize revenue over time similar to the POC method, contractual provisions need to provide the Group with an enforceable right to payment. Historically, the Group’s contracts did not include an enforceable right to payment. For all contracts executed starting from January 1, 2018, the Group modified certain terms to establish an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, including a reasonable profit. Under ASC 606, the Group recognizes revenue on an “over time” basis prospectively for these new contracts by using cost inputs to measure progress towards the completion of the performance obligation. Upon adoption of ASC 606, for those contracts that did not include enforceable right to payment terms, revenue is recognized at a point in time when title to the property is transferred to the buyer. Therefore, real estate properties development completed and real estate properties under development increased by US$35,1 million and US$1,176.1 million, respectively, accounts receivable decreased by US$91.1 million, other deposit and prepayment increased by US$24.5 million, other payables and accrued liabilities increased by US$0,8 million, customer deposits increased by US$1,602.0 million, income tax payable decreased by US$18.5 million, accumulated other comprehensive income decreased by US$10.9 million and retained earnings decreased by US$320.2 million as of January 1, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased real estate properties development completed and real estate properties under development by US$163.5 million and US$1,366.1 million, decreased accounts receivable by US$23.7 million, increased other deposits and prepayments by US$26.6 million, increased other payable and accrued liabilities by US$0.5 million, increased customer deposits by US$1,984.8 million, decreased income tax payable by US$15.9million, decreased accumulated other comprehensive income by US$7.0 million, decreased revenue by US$366.1 million, decreased cost of revenue by US$363.4 million and decreased retained earnings by US$322.9 million. For real estate sales of development properties in the U.S., under ASC 605 and 606, revenue was recognized at a point in time upon meeting relevant revenue recognition criteria, which is generally when title to the property is transferred to the buyer.
[2]	Real estate management services income In light of ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, the Group reassessed its exposure to credit risk for the services that will be transferred to the customer, specifically, evaluating the customer’s ability and intention to pay the contract consideration when it is due. As a result of this evaluation, the Group will recognize revenue in the amount to which the Group has a right to invoice and corresponds directly with the value of performance completed. Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased accounts receivable, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$2.6 million, US$0.1 million and US$1.9 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased accounts receivable, accumulated other comprehensive income, revenue and retained earnings by US$6.4 million, US$0.1 million US$4.0 million and US$5.9 million, respectively.
[3]	Incremental cost to obtain a contract The Group pays sales commission to its real estate sales agencies for each real estate sales contract. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Group immediately expensed sales commissions (included under selling and distribution expense) when incurred. Under ASC 606, the Group assessed that sales commission to its real estate sales agencies qualified as an incremental cost of obtaining a contract with customer. Therefore, upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased contract assets, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$15.6 million, US$0.4 million and US$11.3 million, respectively, as of 1 January 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased contract assets, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$17.0 million, US$0.2 million and US$13.0 million, respectively, and decreased selling and distribution expenses by US$1.7 million.
[4]	Income taxes The tax effects of the adjustments at the applicable statutory tax rates were also reflected. Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased deferred tax assets by US$68.2 million, decreased deferred tax liabilities by US$36.1 million and increased retained earnings by US$104.3 million as of 1 January 2018. And the Group increased deferred tax assets by US$1.9 million, decreased deferred tax liabilities by US$99.8 million, increased income taxes by US$1.3 million, increased accumulated other comprehensive income by US$0.1 million and increased retained earnings by US$100.3 million as of June 30, 2018.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Schedule of Retained Earnings Adjustments for Adopting ASC 606) (Details 1) - USD ($)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Jun. 30, 2017

Jan. 02, 2018

Dec. 31, 2017

$ 710,504,204

^[1]

$ 875,525,000

^[1]

$ 840,393,193

3,694,816,558

^[1]

3,172,121,000

^[1]

1,996,000,653

37,508,071

^[1],[2]

12,035,000

^[1],[2]

100,553,481

16,989,638

^[3]

15,576,000

^[3]

169,104,827

^[1]

272,022,244

142,772,040

^[4]

150,165,000

^[4]

82,006,132

Other payable and accrued liabilities

2,639,504,497

^[1]

2,040,386,000

^[1]

438,341,713

266,546,596

^[1]

300,948,000

^[1]

300,118,332

141,404,450

^[4]

128,140,000

^[4]

164,203,580

114,877,861

^[1]

169,839,336

18,654,153

27,292,000

64,441,277

80,619,205

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

111,078,000

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

382,123,692

Condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income extract [Abstract]

8,249,506

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

20,028,000

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

$ 29,225,736

529,929,103

^[1],[2]

$ 768,878,328

381,846,106

^[1]

598,389,229

26,309,462

^[3]

28,558,928

27,187,471

^[4]

40,525,242

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest

(22,016,757)

28,194,562

(4,820,750)

11,655,638

Net loss attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders

(17,196,007)

$ 16,538,924

Previously Reported [Member]

^[1]

546,970,000

840,393,000

^[1]

2,328,697,000

1,996,001,000

^[1],[2]

54,762,000

100,553,000

^[3]

^[1]

142,501,000

^[4]

140,899,000

82,006,000

Other payable and accrued liabilities

^[1]

654,703,000

438,342,000

^[1]

266,040,000

300,118,000

^[4]

241,199,000

164,204,000

^[1]

130,764,000

54,915,000

64,441,000

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

350,443,000

382,124,000

Condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income extract [Abstract]

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

13,925,000

29,226,000

^[1],[2]

892,075,000

^[1]

(745,253,000)

^[3]

(27,980,000)

^[4]

(25,919,000)

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest

(23,681,000)

5,263,000

Net loss attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders

(18,418,000)

Restatement Adjustment [Member]

^[1]

163,534,000

35,132,000

^[1]

1,366,120,000

1,176,120,000

^[1],[2]

(17,254,000)

(88,518,000)

^[3]

16,990,000

15,576,000

^[1]

26,604,000

^[4]

1,873,000

68,159,000

Other payable and accrued liabilities

^[1]

1,984,801,000

1,602,044,000

^[1]

507,000

830,000

^[4]

(99,795,000)

(36,064,000)

^[1]

(15,886,000)

(36,261,000)

(37,149,000)

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

(269,824,000)

(271,046,000)

Condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income extract [Abstract]

^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}

(5,675,000)

$ (9,198,000)

^[1],[2]

(362,146,000)

^[1]

363,407,000

^[3]

1,671,000

^[4]

(1,268,000)

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest

1,664,000

(442,000)

Net loss attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders

$ 1,222,000

[1]	Real estate sales A significant portion of the Group’s revenue is derived from real estate sales of development properties in the PRC. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Group recognizes revenue using the percentage-of-completion ("POC”) method on the sale of individual units when (i) construction is beyond a preliminary stage; and (ii) the buyer is committed to the extent of being unable to require a refund except for non-delivery of the unit; and (iii) sufficient units have already been sold to assure that the entire property will not revert to rental property; and (iv) sales prices are collectible; and (iv) aggregate sales proceeds and costs can be reasonably estimated. Under ASC 606, to recognize revenue over time similar to the POC method, contractual provisions need to provide the Group with an enforceable right to payment. Historically, the Group’s contracts did not include an enforceable right to payment. For all contracts executed starting from January 1, 2018, the Group modified certain terms to establish an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, including a reasonable profit. Under ASC 606, the Group recognizes revenue on an “over time” basis prospectively for these new contracts by using cost inputs to measure progress towards the completion of the performance obligation. Upon adoption of ASC 606, for those contracts that did not include enforceable right to payment terms, revenue is recognized at a point in time when title to the property is transferred to the buyer. Therefore, real estate properties development completed and real estate properties under development increased by US$35,1 million and US$1,176.1 million, respectively, accounts receivable decreased by US$91.1 million, other deposit and prepayment increased by US$24.5 million, other payables and accrued liabilities increased by US$0,8 million, customer deposits increased by US$1,602.0 million, income tax payable decreased by US$18.5 million, accumulated other comprehensive income decreased by US$10.9 million and retained earnings decreased by US$320.2 million as of January 1, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased real estate properties development completed and real estate properties under development by US$163.5 million and US$1,366.1 million, decreased accounts receivable by US$23.7 million, increased other deposits and prepayments by US$26.6 million, increased other payable and accrued liabilities by US$0.5 million, increased customer deposits by US$1,984.8 million, decreased income tax payable by US$15.9million, decreased accumulated other comprehensive income by US$7.0 million, decreased revenue by US$366.1 million, decreased cost of revenue by US$363.4 million and decreased retained earnings by US$322.9 million. For real estate sales of development properties in the U.S., under ASC 605 and 606, revenue was recognized at a point in time upon meeting relevant revenue recognition criteria, which is generally when title to the property is transferred to the buyer.
[2]	Real estate management services income In light of ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, the Group reassessed its exposure to credit risk for the services that will be transferred to the customer, specifically, evaluating the customer’s ability and intention to pay the contract consideration when it is due. As a result of this evaluation, the Group will recognize revenue in the amount to which the Group has a right to invoice and corresponds directly with the value of performance completed. Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased accounts receivable, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$2.6 million, US$0.1 million and US$1.9 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased accounts receivable, accumulated other comprehensive income, revenue and retained earnings by US$6.4 million, US$0.1 million US$4.0 million and US$5.9 million, respectively.
[3]	Incremental cost to obtain a contract The Group pays sales commission to its real estate sales agencies for each real estate sales contract. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Group immediately expensed sales commissions (included under selling and distribution expense) when incurred. Under ASC 606, the Group assessed that sales commission to its real estate sales agencies qualified as an incremental cost of obtaining a contract with customer. Therefore, upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased contract assets, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$15.6 million, US$0.4 million and US$11.3 million, respectively, as of 1 January 2018. As of June 30, 2018, ASC 606 increased contract assets, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings by US$17.0 million, US$0.2 million and US$13.0 million, respectively, and decreased selling and distribution expenses by US$1.7 million.
[4]	Income taxes The tax effects of the adjustments at the applicable statutory tax rates were also reflected. Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Group increased deferred tax assets by US$68.2 million, decreased deferred tax liabilities by US$36.1 million and increased retained earnings by US$104.3 million as of 1 January 2018. And the Group increased deferred tax assets by US$1.9 million, decreased deferred tax liabilities by US$99.8 million, increased income taxes by US$1.3 million, increased accumulated other comprehensive income by US$0.1 million and increased retained earnings by US$100.3 million as of June 30, 2018.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Real estate sales and Real estate management services income and Incremental cost to obtain a contract and Income taxes) (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jan. 31, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Increase Decrease Real Estate Property Development Completed		$ (126,893,388)	$ (87,425,687)
Increase Decrease Real Estate Property Under Development		1,860,822,075	190,999,510
Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Receivable		(64,225,886)	(6,121,326)
Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Expense and Other Assets		(86,806,903)	(44,850,418)
Increase (Decrease) in Other Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities		(30,249,427)	40,843,728
Increase (Decrease) in Income Taxes Payable		(54,793,960)	(20,372,658)
Increase (Decrease) in Customer Deposits		2,292,637,839	18,935,748
Increase Decrease in Contract with Customer, Asset		17,654,975	$ 0
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 [Member]
Increase Decrease Real Estate Property Development Completed	$ 35,100,000	163,500,000
Increase Decrease Real Estate Property Under Development	1,176,100,000	1,366,100,000
Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Receivable	91,100,000	(23,700,000)
Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Expense and Other Assets	24,500,000	26,600,000
Increase (Decrease) in Other Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities	800,000	500,000
Increase (Decrease) in Income Taxes Payable	18,500,000	(15,900,000)
Increase (Decrease) in Customer Deposits	1,602,000,000	1,984,800,000
Increase Decrease in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss	10,900,000	(7,000,000)
Increase Decrease in Retained Earnings Deficit	320,200,000	322,900,000
Fresh-Start Adjustment, Increase (Decrease), Deferred Income Tax Liabilities, Noncurrent		7,000,000
Increase Decrease in Revenue		366,100,000
Increase Decrease in Cost of Revenue		363,400,000
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 [Member] \| Sales Commission [Member]
Increase Decrease in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss	400,000	200,000
Increase Decrease in Retained Earnings Deficit	11,300,000	13,000,000
Increase Decrease in Contract with Customer, Asset	15,600,000	17,000,000
Increase Decrease in Selling and Distribtion Expenses		(1,700,000)
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 [Member] \| Income Tax Expense [Member]
Increase (Decrease) in Income Taxes Payable		1,300,000
Increase Decrease in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss	3,400,000	100,000
Increase Decrease in Retained Earnings Deficit	100,900,000	100,300,000
Increase Decrease in Deferred Income Tax Liabilities	(36,100,000)	(99,800,000)
Increase Decrease in Deferred Income Tax Assets	68,200,000	1,900,000
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 [Member] \| Real Estate Management Services Income [Member]
Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Receivable	2,600,000	6,400,000
Increase Decrease in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss	100,000	100,000
Increase Decrease in Retained Earnings Deficit	$ 1,900,000	5,900,000
Increase Decrease in Revenue		$ 4,000,000

Short-term investments (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	$ 99,244,110	$ 57,739,558
Quoted Price in Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	23,676,598	57,739,558
Significant Other Observable Input (Level 2) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	0	0
Significant Unobservable Input (Level 3) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	75,567,512	0
Debt securities [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities		888,067
Debt securities [Member] \| Quoted Price in Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities		888,067
Debt securities [Member] \| Significant Other Observable Input (Level 2) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities		0
Debt securities [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Input (Level 3) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities		0
REITs [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	19,988,652	21,239,128
REITs [Member] \| Quoted Price in Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	19,988,652	21,239,128
REITs [Member] \| Significant Other Observable Input (Level 2) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	0	0
REITs [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Input (Level 3) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	0	0
Money market instruments [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities		26,577,133
Money market instruments [Member] \| Quoted Price in Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities		26,577,133
Money market instruments [Member] \| Significant Other Observable Input (Level 2) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities		0
Money market instruments [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Input (Level 3) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities		0
Equity securities [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	3,687,946	9,035,230
Equity securities [Member] \| Quoted Price in Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	3,687,946	9,035,230
Equity securities [Member] \| Significant Other Observable Input (Level 2) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	0	0
Equity securities [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Input (Level 3) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	0	$ 0
Investment product [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	75,567,512
Investment product [Member] \| Quoted Price in Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	0
Investment product [Member] \| Significant Other Observable Input (Level 2) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	0
Investment product [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Input (Level 3) [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Trading Securities	$ 75,567,512

Short-term investments (Details 1)	6 Months Ended
Short-term investments (Details 1)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Balance as of December 31, 2017	$ 0
Recognized during the year	75,567,512
Unrealized gain	0
Effect of foreign currency translation	0
Balance as of June 30, 2018 (unaudited)	$ 75,567,512

Short-term investments (Details 2) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
Short-term investments (Details 2) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017
Trading securities:
Aggregate fair value	$ 99,244,110		$ 57,739,558
Cost	100,181,419		55,643,579
Unrealized gain (loss) in profit	(937,309)	$ 1,777,579	2,095,979
Net realized gain on short-term investments	1,711,248	$ 2,844,695
Debt securities [Member]
Trading securities:
Aggregate fair value			888,067
Cost			784,946
Unrealized gain (loss) in profit			103,121
REITs [Member]
Trading securities:
Aggregate fair value	19,988,652		21,239,128
Cost	20,450,551		20,044,583
Unrealized gain (loss) in profit	(461,899)		1,194,545
Money market instrument [Member]
Trading securities:
Aggregate fair value			26,577,133
Cost			26,574,990
Unrealized gain (loss) in profit			2,143
Equity securities [Member]
Trading securities:
Aggregate fair value	3,687,946		9,035,230
Cost	4,163,356		8,239,060
Unrealized gain (loss) in profit	(475,410)		$ 796,170
Investment Product [Member]
Trading securities:
Aggregate fair value	75,567,512
Cost	75,567,512
Unrealized gain (loss) in profit	$ 0

Real estate properties development completed and under development (Details) - USD ($)

Jun. 30, 2018

Jan. 02, 2018

^[1]

Dec. 31, 2017

$ 710,504,204

^[1]

$ 875,525,000

$ 840,393,193

Total real estate properties under development

3,770,928,266

2,920,520,560

Profit recognized

25,484,914

396,756,891

Progress billings

(101,596,622)

(1,321,276,798)

3,694,816,558

^[1]

$ 3,172,121,000

1,996,000,653

Total real estate properties development completed and under development

4,405,320,762

2,836,393,846

Aggregate net book value of land use right pledged as collateral for bank loans and other debts

935,112,550

908,833,863

Land use rights [Member]

Total real estate properties under development

2,367,872,202

176,152,562

Zhengzhou Century East A [Member]

Suzhou International City Garden [Member]

3,977,694

2,293,021

Jinan Xinyuan Splendid [Member]

763,455

441,934

Zhengzhou Xin City [Member]

4,824,403

4,349,276

Beijing Xindo Park [Member]

14,776,071

15,052,135

Suzhou Lake Royal Palace [Member]

44,193,142

52,675,024

Xingyang Splendid I [Member]

6,927,991

3,400,095

Zhengzhou Thriving Family [Member]

16,642,591

15,528,607

Shanghai Yipin Royal Palace [Member]

15,175,202

16,834,270

84,889,804

90,003,702

New York Oosten [Member]

Chengdu Thriving Family [Member]

125,898,187

131,656,360

Sanya Yazhou Bay No.1 [Member]

102,485,820

146,791,480

Xi'an Metropolitan [Member]

98,910,945

97,350,745

Kunshan Royal Palace [Member]

111,610,957

127,107,105

Jinan Xin Central [Member]

9,782,983

Changsha Xinyuan Splendid [Member]

72,846,860

77,779,716

Xuzhou Colorful City [Member]

6,581,082

49,346,740

Xingyang Splendid II [Member]

47,011,818

39,903,835

Xingyang Splendid III [Member]

36,952,154

49,848,748

Xingyang Splendid IV [Member]

54,184,442

47,475,624

Zhengzhou Xindo Park [Member]

9,599,483

8,433,926

Jinan Royal Palace [Member]

41,234,938

86,116,485

Zhengzhou Fancy City I [Member]

297,103,105

227,113,681

Tianjin Spring Royal Palace I [Member]

21,122,342

43,895,304

Henan Xin Central I [Member]

85,023,144

26,044,650

Henan Xin Central II [Member]

44,542,549

54,380,998

Zhengzhou Fancy City II (South) [Member]

85,978,280

68,783,659

Zhengzhou Fancy City II (North) [Member]

84,930,686

16,036,363

Kunshan Xindo Park [Member]

62,014,286

52,672,711

Zhengzhou International New City I [Member]

89,899,097

84,020,974

Zhengzhou International New City II [Member]

263,272,717

173,061,962

Tongzhou Xinyuan Royal Palace [Member]

157,446,599

135,671,000

Changsha Mulian Royal Palace [Member]

206,465,605

200,296,958

XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd [Member]

101,677,999

89,289,525

Hudson Garden project [Member]

11,803,837

11,135,393

Flushing Project [Member]

94,467,300

84,953,745

Changsha Furong Thriving Family [Member]

87,878,498

83,282,854

Zhengzhou International New City III A [Member]

65,576,795

59,459,200

Zhuhai Xin World [Member]

79,674,714

74,241,651

Xinyuan Chang an Royal Palace [Member]

97,284,719

93,205,573

Kunshan Xinyu Jiayuan [Member]

139,437,782

134,714,398

Zhengzhou International New City Pending Staging [Member]

144,945,052

137,704,916

Zhengzhou Hangmei Project [Member]

427,955,252

216,520,610

Xinyuan Golden Water View City [Member]

58,489,947

42,437,196

Suzhou Yinhewan Project [Member]

379,930,614

337,850,952

Xi'an Metropolitan II [Member]

41,367,108

42,061,346

Zhengzhou International New City III B [Member]

5,549,961

5,543,530

Zhengzhou International New City III C [Member]

81,177,016

80,790,689

Zhengzhou International New City III D [Member]

45,911,787

39,551,333

Tianjin Spring Royal Palace II [Member]

35,688,774

31,316,650

Zhengzhou Fancy City III [Member]

50,994,340

42,704,121

Jinan Zhangqiu Project [Member]

73,045,937

Suzhou Liuyuan Project [Member]

10,322,769

Wuhan New Project [Member]

36,843,487

$ 114,123,333

$ 0

[1]

Long-term investment (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
Long-term investment (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017	May 31, 2018	Apr. 26, 2018	Mar. 21, 2018	Mar. 20, 2018	Dec. 27, 2017	Apr. 19, 2017	Jan. 09, 2017	Nov. 03, 2016	Jan. 11, 2016
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Other long-term investment		$ 842,507,798		$ 829,773,150
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			25.00%
Investment Gain (Loss)		(4,861,497)
Proceeds from Contributed Capital		31,637,196	$ 0
Guangzhou Huanglong Information Technology Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Payments to Acquire in Process Research and Development	$ 19,700,000
Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Zhengzhou Lianhe") [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 241,648		$ 241,648
Ownership		1.85%		1.85%
Other long-term investment		$ 302,270		$ 241,648
Zhengzhou Taike Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Zhengzhou Taike") [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 738,073		$ 738,073
Ownership		3.75%		3.75%
Other long-term investment		$ 755,675		$ 738,073
Shenzhen Zhong An Financial Lease Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 7,639,186		$ 7,639,186
Ownership		25.00%		25.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 7,683,611		$ 8,207,136
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage													25.00%
Zhengzhou Xinci Health Service Co. Ltd. [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 1,290,135		$ 1,290,135
Ownership		60.00%		60.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 1,004,446		$ 1,202,661
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage												60.00%
Proceeds from Contributed Capital				1,290,135
Shenzhen Qianhai Jingjie City Renewal Investment Partnership (limited partnership) [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 8,118,800		$ 8,118,800
Ownership		0.00%		0.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 8,312,426		$ 8,118,800
Limited Partners' Contributed Capital											$ 8,118,800
Qingdao Huiju Zhihui City Industrial Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 505,162,873		$ 413,210,492
Ownership		49.00%		49.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 496,924,847		$ 412,593,226
Equity Method Investment, Aggregate Cost										$ 505,200,000
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage										70.00%
Equity Method Investment, Transfer Of Ownership Percentage				70.00%
Wuhu Penghong Investment Center (Limited Partnership) [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 30,608,185		$ 30,608,185
Ownership		0.00%		0.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 28,107,732		$ 30,608,185
Equity Method Investment, Aggregate Cost	$ 30,600,000
Wuhu Penghong Investment Center (Limited Partnership) [Member] \| Guangzhou Huanglong Information Technology Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Business Acquisition, Percentage of Voting Interests Acquired	90.57%
Wuhu Penghong Investment Center (Limited Partnership) [Member] \| Partner One [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Aggregate Cost	$ 91,800,000
Wuhu Penghong Investment Center (Limited Partnership) [Member] \| Partner Two [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Aggregate Cost	$ 3,100,000
Wuhu Penghua Tenth Investment Center (Limited Partnership) [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 214,257,292		$ 367,298,216
Ownership		0.00%		0.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 208,024,894		$ 367,298,216
Equity Method Investment, Aggregate Cost				$ 6,900,000					$ 367,300,000
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent				90.00%
Proceeds from Sale of Equity Method Investments		158,600,000
Wuhu Penghua Tenth Investment Center (Limited Partnership) [Member] \| Partner Three [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Aggregate Cost									$ 153,000,000
Proceeds from Sale of Equity Method Investments		111,000,000
Chengdu Xinyuan Renju Enterprise management Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 765,205		$ 765,205
Ownership		10.00%		10.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 755,675		$ 765,205
Equity Method Investment, Aggregate Cost				800,000
Zhengzhou Jiahe Real Estate Co., Ltd [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 44,291,183
Ownership		33.50%
Other long-term investment		$ 42,180,548
Equity Method Investment, Aggregate Cost				$ 117,100,000
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage				51.00%
Suzhou Hengwan Real Estate Co., Ltd [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 18,613,537						$ 18,600,000
Ownership		16.66%
Other long-term investment		$ 17,487,133
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage								16.66%
Madison Developments Limited [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 19,095,969					$ 19,100,000
Ownership		50.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 18,891,428
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage							50.00%
Henan Qingning Apartment Management Co., Ltd [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 3,224,895				$ 3,200,000
Ownership		51.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 3,084,379
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage						51.00%
Suzhou Litai Real Estate Co., Ltd [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 9,284,103			$ 9,300,000
Ownership		19.99%
Other long-term investment		$ 8,992,734
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage					19.99%
Beijing Yuzhouyun Science & Technology Development Center (Limited partnership) ("Beijing Yuzhouyun") [Member]
Long Term Investment [Line Items]
Ownership		0.00%

Long-term investment (Details 1)	6 Months Ended
Long-term investment (Details 1)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)
Schedule of Cost-method Investments [Line Items]
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$ 979,721
Impairment on cost method investments	0
Exchange translation adjustment	78,224
Balance as of June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)	$ 1,057,945

Short-term bank loans and other debt (Details) - USD ($)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Dec. 31, 2017

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member]

$ 167,337,897

$ 247,758,295

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due June 1, 2018, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

61,891,056

58,716,253

^[1]

$ 0

34,421,617

Jun. 01, 2018

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due June 1, 2019, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

1.10%

^[1]

$ 34,421,617

Jun. 01, 2019

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due September 27, 2018, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

1.10%

^[2]

$ 24,294,636

24,294,636

Sep. 27, 2018

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due January 10, 2019, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

1.10%

^[3]

$ 3,174,803

Jan. 10, 2019

Loan from Huarong International Trust Co., Ltd. [Member] | Loan from Huarong International Trust Co., Ltd., Due August 9, 2018, at 8.50% per annum [Member]

1.10%

$ 0

20,522,788

Aug. 09, 2018

Loan from Henan Zhongyuan Microfinance Co., Ltd. [Member] | Loan from Henan Zhongyuan Microfinance Co., Ltd., Due July 27, 2018, at 10.00% per annum [Member]

8.50%

$ 7,556,687

7,652,046

Jul. 27, 2018

Loan from Zhongyuan Aviation Leasing Co.,Ltd. [Member] | Loan from Zhongyuan Aviation Leasing Co.,Ltd., Due November 23, 2018, at 10.00% per annum [Member]

10.00%

^[4]

$ 15,113,502

15,304,092

Nov. 23, 2018

Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd. [Member]

10.00%

Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd. [Member] | Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd., Due May 29, 2018, at 9.50% per annum [Member]

$ 0

87,845,490

$ 0

41,933,213

May 29, 2018

Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd. [Member] | Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd., Due November 29, 2018, at 9.50% per annum [Member]

9.50%

$ 0

45,912,277

Nov. 29, 2018

Loan from China Huarong Asset Management Co., Ltd. Shannxi Branch [Member] | Loan from China Huarong Asset Management Co., Ltd. Shaanxi Branch, Due December 14, 2018, at 11.50% per annum [Member]

9.50%

$ 15,113,502

15,304,092

Dec. 14, 2018

Loan from Kunlun Trust Co., Ltd. [Member] | Loan from Kunlun Trust Co., Ltd., Due December 28, 2018, at 8.20% per annum [Member]

11.50%

$ 67,663,150

38,260,231

Dec. 28, 2018

Uncommitted on-demand revolving facilities from Bank of China International Limited [Member]

8.20%

Uncommitted on-demand revolving facilities from Bank of China International Limited [Member] | Uncommitted on-demand revolving facilities from Bank of China International Limited, 1.00% plus LIBOR [Member]

$ 0

4,153,303

$ 0

3,935,538

1.00%

$ 0

$ 217,765

1.00%

[1]	The loan contract with the Bank of East Asia was amended to extend the maturity date of the loan. Such amendments did not result in a debt extinguishment pursuant to ASC 470-50, Debt – Modifications and Exchanges. Pursuant to the amended loan contract, this loan is denominated in US$ and is secured by restricted cash of US$38,237,161 (December 31, 2017: US$38,719,354).
[2]	Pursuant to the agreements with the Bank of East Asia this short-term debt is denominated in US$ and is secured by restricted cash of US$25,735,272 (December 31, 2017: US$26,059,808).
[3]	Pursuant to the agreements with the Bank of East Asia this short-term debt is denominated in US$ and is secured by restricted cash of US$3,324,971 (December 31, 2017: nil).
[4]	Pursuant to the agreements with Zhongyuan Aviation Leasing Co.,Ltd. this short-term debt is secured by the Group’s 100% equity interest of Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. and the Zhengzhou Shengdao’s account receivables due from homebuyers amounting to US$16,792,923 (December 31, 2017: US$17,004,691).

Short-term bank loans and other debt (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Land Use Right Securing Short Term Bank Loan	$ 1,106,743	$ 22,192,013
Real Estate Property Under Development Pledged For Short Term Bank Loan	834,534	318,402
Account Receivable Securing Short Term Bank Loan	$ 16,792,923	$ 17,004,691
Short-term Debt, Weighted Average Interest Rate, at Point in Time	6.55%	7.67%
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current	$ 384,275,569	$ 566,675,697	$ 321,614,668
Real Estate Property, Development Completed, Pledged For Short Term Bank Loan	8,707,420	83,542,622
Real Estate Property Held For Lease Pledged For Short Term Bank Loan	0	102,285,772
Zhongyuan Aviation Leasing Co.,Ltd. [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Account Receivable Securing Short Term Bank Loan	$ 16,792,923	17,004,691
Zhongyuan Aviation Leasing Co.,Ltd. [Member] \| Zhengzhou Shendao [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent	100.00%
Loan From The Bank Of East Asia [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current	$ 38,237,161	38,719,354
Loan From The Bank Of East Asia [Member] \| Loan From The Bank Of East Asia Due 27 September 2018 [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount	25,735,272	26,059,808
Loan From The Bank Of East Asia [Member] \| Loan From The Bank Of East Asia Due 27 September 2018 [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount	$ 3,324,971	$ 0

Long-term bank loans (Details) - USD ($)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Dec. 31, 2017

Jun. 30, 2017

Less: current portion of long-term bank loans

$ 775,887,585

$ 512,349,557

(478,363,177)

(501,330,611)

Total long-term bank loans

297,524,408

11,018,946

Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage

$ 384,275,569

566,675,697

$ 321,614,668

25.00%

Shannxi Zhongmao [Member]

Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage

65.98%

Notes Payable to Banks [Member]

Real estate properties under development securing long term loans

$ 2,015,848

399,622

Land use right securing long-term bank loan

$ 180,425,737

$ 114,610,709

Loans payable, weighted average interest rate

6.48%

5.43%

Notes Payable to Banks [Member] | Collateral Pledged One [Member]

Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount

$ 82,746,426

$ 0

Notes Payable to Banks [Member] | Collateral Pledged Two [Member]

Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount

34,118,561

Notes Payable to Banks [Member] | Collateral Pledged Three [Member]

Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount

99,415,952

Bank of Bohai [Member]

Minimum [Member] | Notes Payable to Banks [Member]

$ 1,349,636

1,366,655

Debt Instrument Prime Rate Range

100.00%

Maximum [Member] | Notes Payable to Banks [Member]

Debt Instrument Prime Rate Range

206.00%

Loan from Industrial and Commercial bank of China ("ICBC") [Member]

$ 316,677,749

289,960,516

Loan from Industrial and Commercial bank of China ("ICBC") [Member] | Loan from ICBC, Due December 26, 2021, at 6.175% per annum [Member]

75,567,512

^[1]

$ 133,500,589

147,938,539

Dec. 26, 2021

Loan from Industrial and Commercial bank of China ("ICBC") [Member] | Loan from ICBC, Due December 22, 2021, at 6.175% per annum [Member]

6.175%

^[1]

$ 66,753,317

73,970,800

Dec. 22, 2021

Loan from Industrial and Commercial bank of China ("ICBC") [Member] | Loan from ICBC, Due December 30, 2021, at 6.60% per annum [Member]

6.175%

^[1]

$ 61,410,694

68,051,177

Dec. 30, 2021

Loan from Industrial and Commercial bank of China ("ICBC") [Member] | Loan from ICBC, Due December 22, 2021, at 9.80% per annum [Member]

6.60%

^[2]

$ 55,013,149

Dec. 22, 2021

Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member]

9.80%

Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member] | Zhengzhou Kangshengboda Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Zhengzhou Kangshengboda") [Member]

$ 13,058,066

23,231,612

Less: current portion of long-term bank loans

(4,352,689)

Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member] | Loan from China Guangfa Bank, Due December 15, 2018, at 4.75% per annum [Member]

^[3]

$ 0

8,539,683

Dec. 15, 2018

Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member] | Loan from China Guangfa Bank, Due October 20, 2019, at 6.4125% per annum [Member]

4.75%

^[4]

$ 13,058,066

14,691,929

Oct. 20, 2019

Loan from Bank of China [Member]

6.4125%

Loan from Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Bank of China, Due March 27, 2018, at 5.23% per annum [Member]

$ 45,340,507

45,912,276

^[3]

$ 0

22,956,138

Mar. 27, 2018

Loan from Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Bank of China, Due July 6, 2020, at 5.46% per annum [Member]

5.23%

^[3]

$ 0

22,956,138

Jul. 06, 2020

Loan from Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Bank of China, Due March 30, 2020, at 6.65% per annum [Member]

5.46%

^[1]

$ 45,340,507

Mar. 30, 2020

Loan from Bank of Bohai [Member] | Loan from Bank of Bohai, Due March 14, 2019 at 5.415% per annum [Member]

6.65%

^[5]

$ 30,982,680

39,025,435

Mar. 14, 2019

Loan from Bank of Beijing [Member] | Loan from Bank of Beijing, Due February 14, 2020 at 4.75% per annum [Member]

5.415%

^[1]

$ 48,759,181

49,374,063

Feb. 14, 2020

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member]

4.75%

$ 51,595,654

64,845,655

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due April 26, 2018, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

38,237,161

38,719,354

^[3]

$ 0

13,250,000

Apr. 26, 2018

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due June 1, 2018, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

1.25%

^[6]

$ 0

9,675,655

Jun. 01, 2018

1.25%

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due June 1, 2019, at 1.25 plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

$ 10,775,927

10,911,818

^[6],[7]

$ 9,675,654

Jun. 01, 2019

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due June 5, 2018, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

1.25%

^[6]

$ 0

10,000,000

Jun. 01, 2019

1.25%

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due June 5, 2019, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

$ 11,138,651

11,279,116

^[6],[7]

$ 10,000,000

Jun. 05, 2019

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due August 15, 2018, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

1.25%

^[7]

$ 20,000,000

20,000,000

Aug. 15, 2018

1.25%

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due August 30, 2018, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

$ 22,277,303

22,558,232

^[7]

$ 9,700,000

9,700,000

Aug. 30, 2018

1.10%

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due September 19, 2018, at 1.10% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

$ 10,803,132

10,939,365

^[7]

$ 2,220,000

2,220,000

Sep. 19, 2018

1.10%

Loan from Ping An Bank Co., Ltd. [Member] | Loan from Ping An Bank Co., Ltd. Due May 31, 2021, at 6.8875% per annum [Member]

$ 2,472,569

2,503,750

^[1]

$ 90,681,014

May 31, 2021

Loan from China Construction Bank [Member]

6.8875%

$ 112,595,593

Loan from China Construction Bank [Member] | Loan from China Construction Bank, Due April 4, 2019, at 6.175% per annum [Member]

19,647,553

^[1]

$ 35,516,731

Apr. 04, 2019

Loan from China Construction Bank [Member] | Loan from China Construction Bank, Due July 2, 2021, at 6.65% per annum [Member]

6.175%

^[8]

$ 58,942,659

Jul. 02, 2021

Loan from China Construction Bank [Member] | Loan From China Construction Bank Due August 31, 2021, At 7.9% Per annum [Member]

6.65%

$ 18,136,203

Aug. 31, 2021

Loan from Bank of Minsheng Xi'an Branch [Member] | Shannxi Zhongmao [Member]

7.90%

Less: current portion of long-term bank loans

$ (2,115,890)

Loan from Bank of Minsheng Xi'an Branch [Member] | Loan from Bank of Minsheng Xi'an Branch, Due June 14, 2031, at 8.50% per annum [Member]

^[9]

$ 66,197,141

$ 0

Jun. 14, 2031

Zhengzhou Kangshengboda [Member]

8.50%

Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage

100.00%

[1]	Pursuant to the loan contracts, if the Group achieves an agreed upon sales target from the sales of the underlying real estate properties under development, the Group has an obligation to repay the loan before the maturity date. Therefore, the respective current portions of these loans have been classified as current liabilities as of June 30, 2018.
[2]	Pursuant to the agreement with ICBC, the debt is secured by US$75,567,512 restricted cash (December 31, 2017: nil).
[3]	These loans were paid in full as of June 30, 2018.
[4]	Pursuant to the agreements with China Guangfa Bank this long-term bank loan is secured by the Group’s 100% equity interest of Zhengzhou Kangshengboda Real EstateCo., Ltd. According to the repayment schedule, US$4,352,689 will be due within the next 12 months and has been classified as current liabilities as of June 30, 2018.
[5]	Pursuant to the agreement with Bank of Bohai, the debt is secured by US$1,349,636 restricted cash (December 31, 2017: US$1,366,655) and partially repaid in 2018.
[6]	The loan contract with the Bank of East Asia was amended to extend the maturity date of the loan. The Company accounted for the amendments, which did not result in a debt extinguishment pursuant to ASC 470-50, Debt – Modifications and Exchanges.
[7]	Pursuant to the loan contract with The Bank of East Asia, these five loans from The Bank of East Asia, amounting to US$9.7 million, US$10.0 million, US$20.0 million, US$9.7 million and US$2.2 million respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by restricted cash of US$10,775,927 (December31, 2017:US$10,911,818), US$11,138,651 (December31, 2017: US$11,279,116), US$22,277,303 (December 31, 2017: US$22,558,232), US$10,803,132 (December 31, 2017: US$10,939,365), and US$2,472,569 (December 31, 2017: US$2,503,750), respectively.
[8]	Pursuant to the agreement with China Construction Bank, the debt is secured by US$ 19,647,553 restricted cash (December 31, 2017:Nil).
[9]	Pursuant to the agreement with Bank of Minsheng Xi'an Branch this long-term bank loan is secured by the Group’s 65.98% equity interest of Shannxi Zhongmao. According to the repayment schedule, US$2,115,890 will be due within the next 12 months and has been classified as current liabilities as of June 30, 2018.

Other long-term debt (Schedule of Other Long Term Debt) (Details) - USD ($)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Dec. 31, 2017

Jun. 30, 2017

Total other long-term debt

$ 1,430,226,294

$ 1,404,814,439

Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value

1,067,178,693

894,551,480

$ 953,511,338

Kent EB-5 LLC [Member]

Total other long-term debt

$ 59,500,000

Ruihao Rongtong [Member]

Debt Instrument Carrying Amount Percentage

65.00%

Henan Renxin [Member]

Debt Instrument Carrying Amount Percentage

51.00%

Other Long-Term Debt [Member]

Less: current portion of other long term debt

$ 2,642,241,934

2,551,717,082

(1,212,015,640)

(1,146,902,643)

Total other long-term debt

1,430,226,294

1,404,814,439

Land use right securing long-term debt

753,580,070

772,031,141

Real estate properties held for lease securing debt

48,005,208

48,610,581

Real estate properties held for sale securing debt

61,844,064

70,161,378

Loan agreements with CITIC Trust Co.,Ltd [Member]

Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value

15,113,502

15,304,092

August 2019 Senior Notes due on August 30, 2019 at 8.125% [Member]

$ 296,245,772

295,270,134

Aug. 30, 2019

February 2021 Senior Secured Notes due on February 28, 2021 at 7.75% [Member]

8.125%

$ 287,753,410

286,865,011

Feb. 28, 2021

November 2020 Senior Secured notes due on November 22, 2020 at 8.875% [Member]

7.75%

$ 294,887,384

293,742,826

Nov. 22, 2020

March 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on March 12, 2020 at 9.875% [Member]

8.875%

$ 196,447,040

Mar. 12, 2020

Corporate bonds due on December 28, 2020 at 7.50% [Member]

9.875%

$ 150,891,610

152,661,716

Dec. 28, 2020

Corporate bonds due on January 27, 2021 at 7.47% [Member]

7.50%

$ 105,764,686

107,005,532

Jan. 27, 2021

Corporate bonds due on March 14, 2021 at 7.09% [Member]

7.47%

$ 75,534,045

76,420,211

Mar. 14, 2021

Corporate bonds due on August 15, 2019 at 8.20% [Member]

7.09%

$ 223,448,279

226,122,693

Aug. 15, 2019

Corporate bonds due on April 7, 2020 at 8.20% [Member]

8.20%

$ 166,206,677

172,188,160

Apr. 07, 2020

Collateralized loan due on May 10, 2018 at 7.501% [Member]

8.20%

^[1]

$ 0

28,312,572

May 10, 2018

Collateralized loan due on May 22, 2020 at 8.50% [Member]

7.501%

Collateralized loan due on November 6, 2018 at 8.20% [Member]

^[2]

$ 226,702,536

135,992,164

$ 6,308,244

6,387,795

Nov. 06, 2018

Collateralized loan due on January 4, 2019 at 8.20% [Member]

8.20%

$ 2,759,857

2,794,660

Jan. 04, 2019

Collateralized loan due on July 31, 2021 at 8.00% [Member]

8.20%

^[3]

$ 38,690,566

48,973,095

Jul. 31, 2021

Collateralized loan due on August 2, 2021 at 8.00% [Member]

8.00%

^[4]

$ 4,473,598

5,662,515

Aug. 02, 2021

Collateralized loan due on September 6, 2019 at 8.50% [Member]

8.00%

$ 15,113,502

15,304,092

Sep. 06, 2019

Collateralized loan due on October 30, 2019 at 9.00% [Member]

8.50%

$ 2,448,387

2,479,263

Oct. 30, 2019

Collateralized loan due on November 2, 2019 at 9.00% [Member]

9.00%

$ 27,778,618

28,128,922

Nov. 02, 2019

Collateralized loan due on November 23, 2024 at 6.90% [Member]

9.00%

$ 37,028,081

40,173,242

Nov. 23, 2024

Collateralized loan due on March 17, 2020 at 7.37% [Member]

6.90%

$ 34,761,056

35,199,412

Mar. 17, 2020

Collateralized loan due on November 30, 2019 at 10.32% [Member]

7.37%

^[5]

$ 241,680,017

214,257,293

Nov. 30, 2019

Collateralized loan due on November 30, 2019 at 10.00% [Member]

10.32%

^[5]

$ 45,340,507

45,912,277

Nov. 30, 2019

Non-controlling shareholder’s loan due on May 30, 2019 at 8.50% [Member]

10.00%

^[1],[6]

$ 76,957,954

246,778,489

May 30, 2019

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on January 23, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

8.50%

^[1],[7]

$ 9,500,000

10,000,000

Jan. 23, 2020

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on April 30, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

5.95%

^[7]

$ 5,000,000

5,000,000

Apr. 30, 2020

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on June 25, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

5.95%

^[7]

$ 5,000,000

5,000,000

Jun. 25, 2020

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 4, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

5.95%

^[7]

$ 5,000,000

5,000,000

Aug. 04, 2020

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 20, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

5.95%

^[7]

$ 5,000,000

5,000,000

Aug. 20, 2020

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on October 1, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

5.95%

^[7]

$ 10,000,000

10,000,000

Oct. 01, 2020

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on November 23, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

5.95%

^[7]

$ 10,000,000

10,000,000

Nov. 23, 2020

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on March 15, 2021 at 5.95% [Member]

5.95%

^[7]

$ 9,500,000

9,500,000

Mar. 15, 2021

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on September 12, 2021 at 5.95% [Member]

5.95%

^[7]

$ 500,000

500,000

Sep. 12, 2021

Ozarks loan due on March 24, 2020 at 4.50% plus 1 month LIBOR [Member]

5.95%

^[8]

$ 23,139,318

22,283,892

Mar. 24, 2020

Bank Direct Capital Finance loan due on January 1, 2020 at 4.19% [Member]

4.50%

^[9]

$ 2,380,790

$ 2,801,117

Jan. 01, 2020

4.19%

[1]	These loans were paid in full or partially repaid during first half year of 2018.
[2]	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping’an Trust Co., Ltd., this other long-term debt is secured by the Group’s equity interest in Qingdao Huiju.
[3]	Pursuant to the entrust loan agreements with CITIC Trust Co.,Ltd., the debt is secured by the Group’s equity interest in Henan Xinyuan Guangsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. and US$15,113,502 restricted cash (December 31, 2017: US$15,304,092).
[4]	Pursuant to the entrust loan agreements with CITIC Trust Co.,Ltd., the debt is secured by the Group’s equity interest in Henan Xinyuan Guangsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.
[5]	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping’an Trust Co., Ltd., the debt is secured by the Group’s 51% equity interest of Henan Renxin Real Estate Co., Ltd.
[6]	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping’an Trust Co., Ltd., which is the non-controlling shareholder of Ruihao Rongtong, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group’s 65% equity interest in Ruihao Rongtong.
[7]	Pursuant to the agreements with Kent EB-5 LLC, this other long-term debt amounting to US$59.5 million in total, is denominated in US$ with maturity dates that vary from January 23, 2020 to September 12, 2021.
[8]	Pursuant to the agreements with Bank of Ozarks (“Ozarks”), Hudson 888 Owner LLC has agreed to provide security in the form of mortgages and assignment of leases and rents. In addition, XIN Development Group International Inc., agreed to, jointly and severally, provide a number of guarantees, including carve out guaranty, completion guaranty, repayment guaranty and carry guaranty to Ozarks and its successors in relation to the mortgaged property, liabilities of and/or payments to Ozarks. The other long-term debt is denominated in US$.
[9]	Pursuant to the agreements with Bank Direct Capital Finance, this other long-term debt is denominated in US$ and unsecured, and repayable by month.

Other long-term debt (Narrative) (Details) ¥ in Millions				1 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
Other long-term debt (Narrative) (Details) ¥ in Millions	Apr. 07, 2017 USD ($)	Aug. 15, 2016 USD ($)	Mar. 14, 2016 USD ($)	Dec. 01, 2017 USD ($)	Nov. 22, 2017 USD ($)	Jan. 27, 2016 USD ($)	Dec. 28, 2015 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Aug. 15, 2017	Apr. 07, 2017 CNY (¥)	Aug. 15, 2016 CNY (¥)	Mar. 14, 2016 CNY (¥)	Jan. 27, 2016 CNY (¥)	Dec. 28, 2015 CNY (¥)
2017 Tranche [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Stated rate									8.20%
August 2019 Senior Secured Notes Due in August 30, 2019 at 8.125% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date								Aug. 30, 2016
Stated rate								8.125%
Effective interest rate								9.06%
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment, Principal								$ 300,000,000
Minimum Percentage of Common Shares Owned By Subject To Certain Qualifications And Exceptions And Satisfaction								10.00%
August 2019 Senior Secured Notes Due in August 30, 2019 at 8.125% [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed charge coverage ratio								2.50
August 2019 Senior Secured Notes Due in August 30, 2019 at 8.125% [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed charge coverage ratio								1.0
August 2019 Senior Secured Notes Due in August 30, 2019 at 8.125% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price								100.00%
Redemption terms								At any time prior to August 30, 2019, the Company may at its option redeem the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any August 2019 Senior Secured Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such August 2019 Senior Secured Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the principal amount of such August 2019 Senior Secured Note, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such August 2019 Senior Secured Note through the maturity date of the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the August 2019 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such August 2019 Senior Secured Note on such redemption date.
Debt Instrument Purchase Price percentage								1.00%
Number of Basis Points								100
August 2019 Senior Secured Notes Due in August 30, 2019 at 8.125% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price								108.125%
Redemption terms								At any time prior to August 30, 2019, the Company may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of our common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of 108.125% of the principal amount of the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the August 2019 Senior Secured Notes issued on August 30, 2016 remain outstanding after each such redemption.
August 2019 Senior Secured Notes Due in August 30, 2019 at 8.125% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Percentage of principal redeemable								35.00%
August 2019 Senior Secured Notes Due in August 30, 2019 at 8.125% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument Carrying Amount Percentage								65.00%
February 2021 Senior Secured Notes at 7.75% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date								Feb. 28, 2017
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount								$ 300,000,000
Stated rate								7.75%
Effective interest rate								8.68%
Minimum Percentage of Common Shares Owned By Subject To Certain Qualifications And Exceptions And Satisfaction								10.00%
February 2021 Senior Secured Notes at 7.75% [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed charge coverage ratio								2.0
February 2021 Senior Secured Notes at 7.75% [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed charge coverage ratio								1.0
February 2021 Senior Secured Notes at 7.75% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price								100.00%
Redemption terms								At any time prior to February 28, 2021, the Company may at its option redeem the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any February 2021 Senior Secured Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such February 2021 Senior Secured Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the principal amount of such February 2021 Senior Secured Note, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such February 2021 Senior Secured Note through the maturity date of the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the February 2021 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such February 2021 Senior Secured Note on such redemption date.
Debt Instrument Purchase Price percentage								1.00%
Number of Basis Points								100
February 2021 Senior Secured Notes at 7.75% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price								107.75%
Redemption terms								At any time prior to February 28, 2021, the Company may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of our common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of 107.75% of the principal amount of the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the February 2021 Senior Secured Notes issued on February 28, 2017 remain outstanding after each such redemption.
February 2021 Senior Secured Notes at 7.75% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Percentage of principal redeemable								35.00%
February 2021 Senior Secured Notes at 7.75% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument Carrying Amount Percentage								65.00%
November 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on November 22, 2020 at 8.875% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date				Dec. 01, 2017	Nov. 22, 2017
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount				$ 100,000,000	$ 200,000,000
Maturity date								Nov. 22, 2020
Stated rate								8.875%
Effective interest rate								9.95%
Debt Instrument Purchase Price percentage								1.00%
Number of Basis Points								100
Minimum Percentage of Common Shares Owned By Subject To Certain Qualifications And Exceptions And Satisfaction								10.00%
November 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on November 22, 2020 at 8.875% [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed charge coverage ratio								2.0
November 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on November 22, 2020 at 8.875% [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed charge coverage ratio								1.0
November 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on November 22, 2020 at 8.875% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price								100.00%
Redemption terms								At any time prior to November 22, 2020, the Company may at its option redeem the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any November 2020 Senior Secured Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such November 2020 Senior Secured Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the principal amount of such November 2020 Senior Secured Note, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such November 2020 Senior Secured Note through the maturity date of the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the November 2020 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such November 2020 Senior Secured Note on such redemption date.
November 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on November 22, 2020 at 8.875% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price								108.875%
Percentage of principal redeemable								35.00%
Redemption terms								At any time prior to November 22, 2020, the Company may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of our common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of 108.875% of the principal amount of the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the November 2020 Senior Secured Notes issued on November 22, 2017 remain outstanding after each such redemption.
Debt Instrument Carrying Amount Percentage								65.00%
March 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on March 18, 2018 at 8.875% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date								Mar. 19, 2018
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount								$ 200,000,000
Stated rate								9.875%
Effective interest rate								11.34%
Redemption price								100.00%
Debt Instrument Purchase Price percentage								1.00%
Minimum Percentage of Common Shares Owned By Subject To Certain Qualifications And Exceptions And Satisfaction								10.00%
March 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on March 18, 2018 at 8.875% [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed charge coverage ratio								2.0
March 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on March 18, 2018 at 8.875% [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed charge coverage ratio								1.0
March 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on March 18, 2018 at 8.875% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption terms								At any time prior to March 19, 2020, the Company may at its option redeem the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any March 2020 Senior Secured Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such March 2020 Senior Secured Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the principal amount of such March 2020 Senior Secured Note, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such March 2020 Senior Secured Note through the maturity date of the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the March 2020 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such March 2020 Senior Secured Note on such redemption date.
Number of Basis Points								100
March 2020 Senior Secured Notes due on March 18, 2018 at 8.875% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price								109.875%
Percentage of principal redeemable								35.00%
Redemption terms								At any time prior to March 19, 2020, the Company may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of our common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of 109.875% of the principal amount of the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the March 2020 Senior Secured Notes issued on March 19, 2018 remain outstanding after each such redemption.
Debt Instrument Carrying Amount Percentage								65.00%
Corporate Bonds Due On December 28, 2020 at 7.5% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maturity date								Dec. 28, 2020
Stated rate								7.50%
Corporate Bonds Due On December 28, 2020 at 7.5% [Member] \| First Tranche Bonds [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date							Dec. 28, 2015
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount							$ 154,000,000							¥ 1,000
Maturity date							Dec. 28, 2020
Stated rate							7.50%							7.50%
Corporate bonds due on January 27, 2021 at 7.47% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maturity date								Jan. 27, 2021
Stated rate								7.47%
Corporate bonds due on January 27, 2021 at 7.47% [Member] \| Second Tranche Bonds [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date						Jan. 27, 2016
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount						$ 107,000,000							¥ 700
Maturity date						Jan. 27, 2021
Stated rate						7.47%							7.47%
Corporate Bonds Due on August 15 2019 at 7.5% [Member] \| New Tranche [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date		Aug. 15, 2016
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount		$ 216,000,000									¥ 1,500
Maturity date		Aug. 15, 2019
Stated rate		7.50%							8.20%		7.50%
Corporate Bonds Due in April 7, 2020 at 8.2% [Member] \| 2017 Tranche [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date	Apr. 07, 2017
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount	$ 173,000,000									¥ 1,130
Maturity date	Apr. 07, 2020
Stated rate	8.20%									8.20%
Corporate bonds due on March 14, 2021 at 7.09% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maturity date								Mar. 14, 2021
Stated rate								7.09%
Corporate bonds due on March 14, 2021 at 7.09% [Member] \| Third Tranche Bonds [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date			Mar. 14, 2016
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount			$ 77,000,000									¥ 500
Maturity date			Mar. 14, 2021
Stated rate			7.09%									7.09%

Income taxes (Effective tax rate) (Details)	6 Months Ended
Income taxes (Effective tax rate) (Details)	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Effective income tax rate (as a percentage)	525.80%	59.00%
Statutory tax rate (as a percentage)	25.00%

Related party and employee transactions (Details) ¥ in Millions			6 Months Ended
	Dec. 02, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 12, 2017 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017 CNY (¥)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related parities				$ 136,286,655	$ 125,662,072
Due from Related Parties, Noncurrent				30,020,339	24,665,944
Due from Related Parties				166,306,994	150,328,016
Due to Related Parties, Current				119,189,789	128,178,423
Due to Related Parties, Noncurrent				30,964,004	29,917,961
Due to Related Parties				150,153,793	158,096,384
Advances to employees				3,307,123	2,174,302
Interest Payable				85,012	0
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			25.00%
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd. ("Starry Sky") [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related parities				5,549,420	5,909,736
Debt Instrument, Face Amount				5,452,743	5,869,138
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd. ("Starry Sky") [Member] \| Unsecured Debt [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Interest Payable				$ 96,677	$ 40,598
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd. ("Starry Sky") [Member] \| Unsecured Debt [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Bears interest				7.50%	7.50%
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd. ("Starry Sky") [Member] \| Unsecured Debt [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Bears interest				10.00%	10.00%
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd. ("Starry Sky") [Member] \| Interest Bearing Loan [Member] \| Unsecured Debt [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount				$ 1,141,069	$ 1,155,459
Beijing Aijieli Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related parities				16,212,740	12,889,735
Initial Cost \| ¥			¥ 40
Beijing Aijieli Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Step One [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			100.00%
Beijing Aijieli Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Step Two [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Initial Cost \| ¥			¥ 10
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			25.00%
Beijing Aijieli Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Step Two [Member] \| Beijing Future Xinzhihui Science and Technology Development Center [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Initial Cost \| ¥			¥ 30
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			75.00%
Beijing Ruizhuo Xitou Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related parities				11,355,487	10,429,990
Initial Cost \| ¥			¥ 30
Beijing Ruizhuo Xitou Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Beijing Future Xinruifeng Science and Technology Development Center [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Subsidiary of Limited Liability Company or Limited Partnership, Ownership Interest			66.67%
Beijing Ruizhuo Xitou Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Xinyuan China Real Estate, Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			33.33%
Beijing Ruizhuo Xitou Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Step One [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			100.00%
Beijing Ruizhuo Xitou Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Step Two [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			33.33%
Beijing Ruizhuo Xitou Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Step Two [Member] \| Beijing Future Xinzhihui Science and Technology Development Center [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Initial Cost \| ¥			¥ 20
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			66.67%
Beijing Ruizhuo Xitou Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Step Two [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Initial Cost \| ¥			¥ 10
Beijing Ruizhuo Xichuang Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related parities				5,553,607	3,576,543
Initial Cost \| ¥			¥ 30
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			100.00%
Beijing Ruizhuo Xichuang Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Xinyuan China Real Estate, Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			33.33%
Beijing Ruizhuo Xichuang Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Beijing Future Xinhujin Science and Technology [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Subsidiary of Limited Liability Company or Limited Partnership, Ownership Interest			66.67%
Beijing Ruizhuo Xichuang Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Step Two [Member] \| Beijing Future Xinhujin Science and Technology [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Initial Cost \| ¥			¥ 20
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			66.67%
Guangzhou Huanglong [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related parities				0	38,934,992
Debt Instrument, Face Amount					$ 38,260,231
Guangzhou Huanglong [Member] \| Unsecured Debt [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Bears interest					17.50%
Interest Payable					$ 353,375
Qingdao Huiju [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related parities				40,283,690	18,721,643
Madison Developments Limited [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related parities				$ 21,202,369	0
Bears interest				15.00%
Interest Payable				$ 844,971
Zhengzhou Jiahe [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related parities				779,255	0
Xinzheng Meihang Network Technology Co., Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from Related Parties, Noncurrent				25,716,014	24,665,944
Due to Related Parties, Noncurrent				28,607,686	28,968,446
Interest Payable				2,356,318	949,515
Xinzheng Meihang Network Technology Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Unsecured Debt [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from Related Parties, Noncurrent				$ 23,799,930	24,100,060
Bears interest				11.50%
Interest Payable				$ 1,916,084	565,884
Gongyi Gongrong Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related parities				155,324	0
Due from Related Parties, Noncurrent				$ 4,304,325	0
Bears interest				15.00%
Interest Payable				$ 155,324
Gongyi Gongrong Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Interest Bearing Loan [Member] \| Unsecured Debt [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount				4,304,325
Chengdu Renju [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related parities				35,194,763	35,199,433
Suzhou Fuchao Enterprise Management Consulting Co.,Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due to Related Parties, Current				24,428,572	23,387,006
Suzhou Fuchao Enterprise Management Consulting Co.,Ltd. [Member] \| Unsecured Debt [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Interest Payable				3,399,461	1,317,340
Nanjing Gold Pedestal Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due to Related Parties, Current				22,194,795	23,388,992
Suzhou Country Garden Real Estate Development Co.,Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due to Related Parties, Current				14,631,484	23,385,379
Taicang Guangyuan Real Estate Development Co.,Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due to Related Parties, Current				22,191,835	23,387,006
Suzhou Fuyi Enterprise Management Consulting Co.,Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due to Related Parties, Current				7,678,746	7,470,721
Suzhou Guozhan Commercial Plaza Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due to Related Parties, Current				7,678,746	7,470,721
Kunshan Shine Land Group Co., Ltd [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due to Related Parties, Current				7,678,746	7,470,721
Shanghai Cifi Enterprise Management Co., Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due to Related Parties, Current				7,678,746	7,431,209
Shanghai Xinbi Real Estate Development Co.,Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due to Related Parties, Current				3,882,160	3,671,987
Changxing Xinbi Investment Management Partnership (limited partnership) [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due to Related Parties, Current				763,973	743,121
Foshan Shunde District Gongheng Investment Co.,Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due to Related Parties, Current				381,986	371,560
Debt Instrument, Face Amount				35,658,091
Xinyuan China Real Estate, Ltd. [Member] \| Step Two [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Initial Cost \| ¥			¥ 10
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			33.33%
Suzhou Wanzhuo [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Percentage Of Ownership Sold		80.00%
Debt Instrument, Face Amount				$ 80,047,225	92,231,041
Proceeds from Sales of Business, Affiliate and Productive Assets		$ 23,687,327
Suzhou Wanzhuo [Member] \| Unsecured Debt [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Bears interest				4.25%
Suzhou Wanzhuo [Member] \| Unsecured Debt [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Bears interest				4.75%
Guangzhou Huanglong [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Accounts Receivable, Related Parties, Current					$ 321,386
Taicang Pengchi [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Business Acquisition, Percentage of Voting Interests Acquired	100.00%
Proceeds from Sales of Business, Affiliate and Productive Assets	$ 5,222,594
Taicang Pengchi [Member] \| Unsecured Debt [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount				$ 34,630,040

Earnings/(loss) per share (Details) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
Earnings/(loss) per share (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Numerator:
Net income/(loss) attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders - basic and diluted	$ (17,196,007)	$ 16,538,924
Denominator:
Number of shares outstanding, basic	129,606,854	128,317,210
Stock options	2,207,127	1,816,284
Weighted average number of RSU Stocks	349,420	1,423,997
Number of shares outstanding-diluted	132,163,401	131,557,491
Basic earnings/(loss) per share	$ (0.13)	$ 0.13
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share	$ (0.13)	$ 0.13
Employee Stock Option [Member]
Numerator:
Anti-dilutive shares	180,000	2,126,448

Segment reporting (Details) - USD ($)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Jun. 30, 2017

Dec. 31, 2017

$ 529,929,103

^[1],[2]

$ 768,878,328

(381,846,106)

^[2]

(598,389,229)

148,082,997

170,489,099

61,292,970

87,090,371

8,148,820,420

4,906,868,290

$ 6,384,434,270

Henan [Member]

140,228,789

310,052,480

(101,767,210)

(204,360,388)

38,461,579

105,692,092

15,945,631

81,467,812

3,582,988,491

1,455,874,656

Shandong [Member]

39,520,440

90,048,443

(31,689,395)

(74,796,010)

7,831,045

15,252,433

3,351,264

11,917,385

665,859,036

458,638,434

Jiangsu [Member]

146,090,415

83,735,642

(100,163,514)

(85,664,472)

45,926,901

(1,928,830)

39,922,601

(7,201,671)

1,148,788,934

603,555,687

Sichuan [Member]

37,438,234

27,328,499

(41,569,598)

(25,417,147)

(4,131,364)

1,911,352

(5,318,747)

84,765

382,544,788

237,504,997

Beijing [Member]

13,693,957

(358,452)

(9,527,601)

171,568

4,166,356

(186,884)

(21,471,467)

(15,298,935)

329,644,913

305,989,521

Hainan [Member]

49,280,065

64,349,469

(17,780,943)

(43,922,474)

31,499,122

20,426,995

29,126,243

14,850,256

123,813,809

129,322,390

Hunan [Member]

42,566,423

45,475,935

(34,510,447)

(36,779,295)

8,055,976

8,696,640

1,009,546

6,342,476

292,940,732

272,212,733

Shanghai [Member]

323,478

66,515

(139,853)

(1,193,203)

183,625

(1,126,688)

42,958

(1,756,304)

98,449,987

102,368,555

Tianjin [Member]

10,991,697

20,884,490

(8,436,869)

(12,049,740)

2,554,828

8,834,750

1,458,861

5,528,244

198,014,138

99,211,187

Shaanxi [Member]

8,627,461

25,017,000

(7,639,844)

(18,934,711)

987,617

6,082,289

(1,520,594)

2,373,289

426,812,252

458,639,745

Guangdong [Member]

126,175,849

88,928,527

United States [Member]

9,059,555

85,213,505

(9,643,313)

(82,424,628)

(583,758)

2,788,877

(3,519,757)

(3,589,348)

353,982,307

330,737,398

Others [Member]

32,108,589

17,064,802

(18,977,519)

(13,018,729)

13,131,070

4,046,073

2,266,431

(7,627,598)