View Filing Data

Print Document View Excel Document

Document and Entity Information	12 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information	Dec. 31, 2015 shares
Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.
Entity Central Index Key	0001398453
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Document Type	20-F
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2015
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2015
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	142,802,936

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 387,528,092	$ 140,494,754
Restricted cash	363,137,210	368,874,458
Short-term investments	1,244,646	6,008,477
Accounts receivable	42,040,320	15,456,502
Other receivables	147,651,234	134,818,502
Restricted deposit	0	69,357,738
Deposits for land use rights	46,199,335	299,739,435
Other deposits and prepayments	254,048,288	152,289,464
Advances to suppliers	50,534,250	29,786,612
Real estate properties held for sale	0	1,185,217
Real estate properties development completed	24,076,559	12,308,999
Real estate properties under development (including real estate properties under development of the consolidated variable interest entities ("Consolidated VIEs") to be used only to settle obligations of the VIEs of US$548,404,278 and US$321,477,961 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	1,887,321,801	1,714,575,052
Amounts due from related party	58,630,172	125,374,349
Amounts due from employees	350,919	50,057
Other current assets	200,891	139,043
Total current assets	3,262,963,717	3,070,458,659
Real estate properties held for lease, net	71,132,582	69,223,748
Deposits for land use rights	107,798,448	0
Property and equipment, net	39,323,322	46,475,725
Other long-term investment	31,107,552	241,648
Investment in joint ventures	6,124,827	4,225,629
Deferred tax assets	15,488,557	13,641,608
Deferred charges	12,504,255	16,677,352
Other assets	14,944,179	10,581,865
TOTAL ASSETS	3,561,387,439	3,231,526,234
Current liabilities
Accounts payable and notes payable (including accounts payable and notes payable of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$40,259,520 and US$51,564,352 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	471,175,849	351,505,821
Short-term bank loans and other debt (including short-term bank loans and other debt of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$65,370,159 and nil as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	222,226,246	293,449,741
Customer deposits (including customer deposits of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of nil and US$11,510,875 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	64,451,511	107,163,398
Income tax payable (including income tax payable of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$517,631 and US$9,011,064 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	106,034,490	62,429,274
Deferred tax liabilities (including deferred tax liabilities of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$125,420 and nil as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	57,692,275	91,202,159
Other payables and accrued liabilities (including other payables and accrued liabilities of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$5,769,652 and US$9,884,086 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	106,126,369	74,088,090
Payroll and welfare payable (including payroll and welfare payable of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$1,744,275 and US$2,017,480 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	22,966,053	18,456,857
Current portion of long-term bank loans and other debt (including current portion of long-term bank loans and other debt of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$208,789,155 and US$122,890,230 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	594,834,196	586,841,245
Current maturities of capital lease obligations	3,065,612	3,010,201
Mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests	2,309,967	4,486,027
Total current liabilities	1,650,882,568	1,592,632,813
Long-term bank loans (including long-term bank loans of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$13,074,032 and nil as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	13,859,800	52,296,127
Deferred tax liabilities	13,500,239	9,825,083
Unrecognized tax benefits	17,842,283	14,005,004
Other long-term debt (including other long-term debt of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$69,050,361 and US$65,603,055 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	910,007,958	576,204,491
Capital lease obligations, net of current maturities	18,111,007	23,499,642
Mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests (including mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of nil and US$615,991 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	1,231,982	2,451,381
Total liabilities	2,625,435,837	2,270,914,541
Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders' equity
Common shares, US$0.0001 par value:Authorized-500,000,000 shares; shares issued and outstanding-142,802,936 shares as of December 31, 2015 (December 31, 2014: 147,019,802 shares)	15,835	15,831
Treasury shares	(24,045,440)	(20,696,268)
Additional paid-in capital	531,233,336	530,670,112
Statutory reserves	80,049,764	72,829,487
Retained earnings	317,765,089	273,254,963
Accumulated other comprehensive income	30,951,837	104,557,008
Total Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders' equity	935,970,421	960,631,133
Non-controlling interest	(18,819)	(19,440)
Total equity	935,951,602	960,611,693
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	$ 3,561,387,439	$ 3,231,526,234

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Real estate properties under development	$ 1,887,321,801	$ 1,714,575,052
Accounts payable and notes payable	471,175,849	351,505,821
Short-term bank loans and other debt	222,226,246	293,449,741
Customer deposits	64,451,511	107,163,398
Income tax payable	106,034,490	62,429,274
Deferred tax liabilities	57,692,275	91,202,159
Other payables and accrued liabilities	106,126,369	74,088,090
Payroll and welfare payable	22,966,053	18,456,857
Current portion of long-term bank loans and other debt	594,834,196	586,841,245
Long-term bank loans	13,859,800	52,296,127
Other long-term debt	910,007,958	576,204,491
Mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests	$ 1,231,982	$ 2,451,381
Common stock, par value per share	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	142,802,936	147,019,802
Common stock, shares outstanding	142,802,936	147,019,802
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary, Aggregated Disclosure [Member]
Real estate properties under development	$ 321,477,961	$ 548,404,278
Accounts payable and notes payable	51,564,352	40,259,520
Short-term bank loans and other debt	0	65,370,159
Customer deposits	11,510,875	0
Income tax payable	9,011,064	517,631
Deferred tax liabilities	0	125,420
Other payables and accrued liabilities	9,884,086	5,769,652
Payroll and welfare payable	2,017,480	1,744,275
Current portion of long-term bank loans and other debt	122,890,230	208,789,155
Long-term bank loans	0	13,074,032
Other long-term debt	65,603,055	69,050,361
Mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests	$ 615,991	$ 0

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Dec. 31, 2014

Dec. 31, 2013

Revenue:

Real estate sales, net of sales taxes of US$52,090,833 in 2013, US$53,185,957 in 2014 and US$67,023,202 in 2015

$ 1,134,466,776

$ 892,825,892

$ 874,926,633

Real estate lease income

6,573,263

4,936,186

5,989,766

Other revenue

23,283,959

21,985,595

16,821,657

Total revenue

1,164,323,998

919,747,673

897,738,056

Costs of revenue:

Cost of real estate sales

(866,242,863)

(650,573,170)

(590,935,635)

Cost of real estate lease income

(3,956,322)

(3,173,215)

(1,596,231)

Other costs

(21,134,707)

(23,835,732)

(6,208,324)

Total costs of revenue

(891,333,892)

(677,582,117)

(598,740,190)

Gross profit

272,990,106

242,165,556

298,997,866

Selling and distribution expenses

(52,126,074)

(39,493,575)

(20,724,181)

General and administrative expenses

(115,329,011)

(105,622,486)

(64,498,306)

Operating income

105,535,021

97,049,495

213,775,379

Interest income

24,503,736

14,577,322

11,681,487

Interest expense

(20,281,416)

(28,200,767)

(16,862,532)

Loss on extinguishment of debt

(9,848,931)

Net realized gain on short-term investments

603,078

3,128,014

Unrealized gain on short-term investments

49,443

122,033

Exchange gains

403,286

706,108

Other income

5,945,120

3,212,606

1,538,968

Share of (loss)/gain of equity investee

2,234,635

(1,691,897)

(117,188)

Income from operations before income taxes

118,992,903

79,053,983

210,016,114

Income taxes

(52,511,318)

(30,557,618)

(83,659,850)

Net income

66,481,585

48,496,365

126,356,264

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest

522

19,365

Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders

$ 66,482,107

$ 48,515,730

$ 126,356,264

Earnings per share:

Basic

$ 0.47

$ 0.32

$ 0.87

Diluted

$ 0.45

$ 0.29

$ 0.85

Shares used in computation:

Basic

^[1]

142,625,427

151,935,765

145,733,028

Diluted

146,487,949

177,118,235

149,464,556

Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax of nil

Foreign currency translation adjustments

$ (73,604,028)

$ (3,354,027)

$ 25,910,940

Comprehensive income

(7,122,443)

45,142,338

152,267,204

Less: comprehensive loss/(income) attributable to non-controlling interest

(621)

19,440

Comprehensive income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders

$ (7,123,064)

$ 45,161,778

$ 152,267,204

[1]

The restricted shares repurchased by the trustee that are unvested are excluded from the number of shares outstanding for purposes of computing basic earnings per share in accordance with ASC 260. However, these unvested restricted shares are factored into the computation of diluted earnings per share using the treasury stock method.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Income Statement [Abstract]
Real estate sales taxes	$ 67,023,202	$ 53,185,957	$ 52,090,833
Other comprehensive income, tax effect	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$ 66,481,585	$ 48,496,365	$ 126,356,264
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	8,751,664	6,998,122	3,137,122
Stock-based compensation expenses	3,774,826	2,736,313	427,989
Deferred tax (benefit)/expense	(25,580,665)	9,437,344	(24,396,928)
Amortization of deferred charges	2,378,767	1,620,695	640,565
Share of loss/(income) in an equity investee	(2,234,635)	1,691,897	117,188
Exchange gains	(403,286)	(706,108)	0
Changes in unrecognized tax benefit	4,150,919	(2,228,532)	7,083,038
Loss on extinguishment of debt (Note 12)	0	9,848,931	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	(603,078)	(3,128,014)	0
Unrealized gain on short-term investments	(49,443)	(122,033)	0
Proceeds from disposal of short-term investments	26,524,907	76,528,665	0
Purchase of short-term investments	(21,363,193)	(79,264,198)	0
Others	(38,195)	166,750	70,061
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(28,650,522)	(6,932,612)	(5,271,522)
Real estate properties held for sale	1,185,217	4,338,824	5,667,159
Real estate properties development completed	(9,357,412)	8,932,570	2,337,904
Real estate properties under development	(23,151,082)	(762,186,342)	13,062,014
Real estate properties held for lease	(9,197,390)	(11,052,625)	(37,843,406)
Advances to suppliers	(24,573,309)	(14,484,990)	(3,888,968)
Other receivables	(21,400,932)	(124,825,380)	18,068,583
Deposits for land use rights	(94,952,534)	(3,411,626)	(247,456,209)
Other deposits and prepayments	(114,766,016)	(48,556,579)	(50,252,524)
Other current assets	656,158	(138,513)	162,309
Amounts due from related party	62,518,780	(124,099,452)	(807,019)
Amounts due from employees	(316,946)	8,921	77,030
Other assets	(4,328,591)	(4,427,986)	(305,640)
Accounts payable	144,250,668	157,267,231	(54,094,569)
Customer deposits	(38,092,541)	32,027,383	23,156,867
Income tax payable	49,189,884	(58,549,759)	42,740,736
Other payables and accrued liabilities	38,869,980	842,663	(40,364,427)
Payroll and welfare payable	5,791,340	(1,142,361)	9,604,240
Accrued interest	0	0	(1,352,000)
Net cash used in operating activities	(4,535,075)	(884,314,436)	(213,324,143)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Disposal of properties held for lease and property and equipment	8,992	39,011	831,029
Purchase of property and equipment	(2,477,039)	(5,932,847)	(3,481,806)
Acquisition of subsidiary, net of cash acquired (Note 9)	0	(9,997,800)	(91,342,920)
Acquisition of other long-term investment	32,681,875	0	0
Interests in an equity investee	0	0	(5,967,905)
Proceeds from disposal of available-for-sale securities	6,284,380	0	0
Purchase of available-for-sale securities	(6,137,451)	0	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(35,002,993)	(15,891,636)	(99,961,602)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	48,400	1,080,530	5,060,918
Issuance of treasury shares	0	0	32,792,232
Purchase of shares under Restricted Stock Unit ("RSU") plan	(3,259,998)	(7,042,725)	0
Purchase of treasury shares (Note 19)	(3,349,172)	(17,610,787)	(5,767,159)
Dividends to shareholders	(14,751,703)	(15,288,919)	(14,724,740)
(Increase)/decrease in restricted cash	53,913,283	(177,026,061)	(98,268,476)
Repayments of short-term bank loans and current portion of long-term bank loans	(576,757,761)	(63,657,978)	(269,462,794)
Proceeds from short-term bank loans and current portion of long-term bank loans	584,233,410	483,446,420	80,831,640
Repayment of long-term bank loans	(38,540,493)	0	(8,070,189)
Proceeds from long-term bank loans	8,029,269	52,096,830	146,877,442
Repayment of other short-term debt	(169,096,413)	0	(29,200,000)
Proceeds from other short-term debt	8,511,026	162,802,592	0
Repayment of other long-term debt	(17,854,351)	(122,973,761)	(40,000,000)
Proceeds from other long-term debt	485,351,457	175,592,700	608,703,539
Capital lease payments	(3,966,658)	(2,765,286)	(5,274,409)
Repayment of mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interest	(4,408,069)	0	0
Proceeds from mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interest	1,284,683	6,910,970	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt (Note 12)	0	(9,848,931)	0
Deferred charges	(3,104,812)	(10,649,965)	(9,585,309)
Net cash provided by financing activities	306,282,098	455,065,629	393,912,695
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	266,744,030	(445,140,443)	80,626,950
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(19,710,692)	(1,483,929)	10,287,380
Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of year	140,494,754	587,119,126	496,204,796
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, AT END OF YEAR	387,528,092	140,494,754	587,119,126
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION ON CASH FLOWS
Incomes taxes paid	55,564,648	94,316,553	63,850,859
Interest paid	187,209,963	141,052,901	32,710,830
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION ON NON-CASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchase of property and equipment through capital lease	$ 0	$ 0	$ 29,391,862

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($)	Total	Common Shares [Member]	Treasury Shares [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Statutory Reserves [Member]	Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit) [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income / (Loss) (Note 24) [Member]	Parent [Member]	Non-controlling Interest [Member]
Balance at Dec. 31, 2012	$ 781,538,498	$ 15,358	$ (13,667,122)	$ 511,964,127	$ 49,622,317	$ 151,603,798	$ 82,000,020	$ 781,538,498	$ 0
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2012		141,938,398
Exercise of share options	6,101,519	$ 470	0	6,101,049	0	0	0	6,101,519	0
Exercise of share options, shares		4,703,810
Treasury share repurchases (Note 19)	(5,767,159)	$ 0	$ (5,767,159)	0	0	0	0	(5,767,159)	0
Treasury share repurchases (Note 19), shares			(2,629,716)
Shares issued to TPG Asia VI SF Pte. Ltd(Note 2(ab))	32,792,232	0	$ 16,348,800	16,443,432	0	0	0	32,792,232	0
Shares issued to TPG Asia VI SF Pte. Ltd(Note 2(ab)), shares			12,000,000
Other comprehensive income (loss)	25,910,940	0	$ 0	0	0	0	25,910,940	25,910,940	0
Stock-based compensation expenses	427,989	0	0	427,989	0	0	0	427,989	0
Net income	126,356,264	0	0	0	0	126,356,264	0	126,356,264	0
Appropriation to statutory reserves	0	0	0	0	18,924,883	(18,924,883)	0	0	0
Dividends to shareholders	(14,724,740)	0	0	0	0	(14,724,740)	0	(14,724,740)	0
Balance at Dec. 31, 2013	952,635,543	$ 15,828	(3,085,481)	534,936,597	68,547,200	244,310,439	107,910,960	952,635,543	0
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2013		156,012,492
Exercise of share options	39,930	$ 3	0	39,927	0	0	0	39,930	0
Exercise of share options, shares		33,000
Treasury share repurchases (Note 19)	(17,610,787)	$ 0	$ (17,610,787)	0	0	0	0	(17,610,787)	0
Treasury share repurchases (Note 19), shares			(9,025,690)
Shares repurchased under RSU plan	(7,042,725)	0	$ 0	(7,042,725)	0	0	0	(7,042,725)	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(3,354,027)	0	0	0	0	0	(3,353,952)	(3,353,952)	(75)
Stock-based compensation expenses	2,736,313	0	0	2,736,313	0	0	0	2,736,313	0
Net income	48,496,365	0	0	0	0	48,515,730	0	48,515,730	(19,365)
Appropriation to statutory reserves	0	0	0	0	4,282,287	(4,282,287)	0	0	0
Dividends to shareholders	(15,288,919)	0	0	0	0	(15,288,919)	0	(15,288,919)	0
Balance at Dec. 31, 2014	960,611,693	$ 15,831	(20,696,268)	530,670,112	72,829,487	273,254,963	104,557,008	960,631,133	(19,440)
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2014		147,019,802
Exercise of share options	48,400	$ 4	0	48,396	0	0	0	48,400	0
Exercise of share options, shares		40,000
Treasury share repurchases (Note 19)	(3,349,172)	$ 0	$ (3,349,172)	0	0	0	0	(3,349,172)	0
Treasury share repurchases (Note 19), shares			(2,179,902)
Shares repurchased under RSU plan, shares		(2,076,964)
Shares repurchased under RSU plan	(3,259,998)	$ 0	$ 0	(3,259,998)	0	0	0	(3,259,998)	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(73,604,028)	0	0	0	0	0	(73,605,171)	(73,605,171)	1,143
Stock-based compensation expenses	3,774,826	0	0	3,774,826	0	0	0	3,774,826	0
Net income	66,481,585	0	0	0	0	66,482,107	0	66,482,107	(522)
Appropriation to statutory reserves	0	0	0	0	7,220,277	(7,220,277)	0	0	0
Dividends to shareholders	(14,751,704)	0	0	0	0	(14,751,704)	0	(14,751,704)	0
Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 935,951,602	$ 15,835	$ (24,045,440)	$ 531,233,336	$ 80,049,764	$ 317,765,089	$ 30,951,837	$ 935,970,421	$ (18,819)
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2015		142,802,936

Background information of business and organization

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Background information of business and organization [Abstract]

Background information of business and organization

1. Background information of business and organization

Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Group”) are principally engaged in residential real estate development and the provision of property management services. The Group's operations are conducted mainly in the People's Republic of China (“PRC”). In 2012, the Group expanded its business into the U.S. residential real estate market and established Vista Sierra, LLC, XIN Irvine, LLC and 421 Kent Development, LLC to acquire three projects in Reno, Nevada, Irvine, California and Brooklyn, New York, respectively. On April 6, 2012, September 25, 2012 and December 9, 2015, Zhengzhou Jiantou Xinyuan United Real Estate Co., Ltd. , Henan Wanzhong Real Estate Co., Ltd. and Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd., subsidiaries of the Company, were liquidated, respectively. On October 18, 2013, Kunshan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Kunshan Xinyuan”) acquired a 100% equity interest in Jiangsu Jiajing Real Estate Co., Ltd. On January 27, 2014, Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. acquired a 100% equity interest in Sanya Beida Science and Technology Park Industrial Development Co., Ltd. (“Sanya Beida”). On April 11, 2014, Kunshan Xinyuan acquired a 100% equity interest in Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Junxin”). The Sanya Beida and Shanghai Junxin acquisitions were accounted for as asset acquisitions. Pursuant to the Share Transfer Agreement entered into by Kunshan Xinyuan and CITIC Trust Co., Ltd. (“CITIC”) on May 27, 2014, 49% of the equity interest in Shanghai Junxin was transferred to CITIC. Pursuant to the Share Transfer Agreement entered into by Shandong Xinyuan and Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. (“Ping'an”) on June 24, 2014, 5% of the equity interest in Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Jinan Wanzhuo”) was transferred to Ping'an. Pursuant to the Share Transfer Agreement entered into by Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. and Shenzhen Lianxin Investment Management Co., Ltd. (“Lianxin”) on September 15, 2014, 25% of the equity interest in Changsha Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Changsha Wanzhuo”) was transferred to Lianxin. In December 2014, the Group expanded its business into the Malaysia residential real estate market through acquisition of 100% equity interest in XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd (formerly named EMG Group Properties Sdn Bhd) (see Note 9).

On March 2 and May 15, 2015, Shandong Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Shandong Xinyuan”) acquired 82% and 18% equity interest, respectively, in Shandong Renju Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Shandong Renju”). The Shandong Renju acquisition was accounted for as asset acquisition. Pursuant to the Share Transfer Agreement entered into by Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Henan Xinyuan”) and Ping'an on March 5, 2015, 20% of the equity interest in Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Zhengzhou Shengdao”) was transferred to Ping'an.

As of December 31, 2015, subsidiaries of the Company and its consolidated variable interest entities included the following entities:

Company Name

Registered Place and
Date of Incorporation

Paid-up
Capital

Percentage
of Equity
Directly
Attributable
to the Group

Principal Activities

Subsidiary companies:

Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd.

Cayman Islands
October 6, 2011

US$

500,000

100

Investment holding company

Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited.

Hong Kong
October 26, 2011

HK$

3,000,000

100

Investment holding company

XIN Development Group International Inc.

United States
November 10, 2011

US$

100

Investment holding company

Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. (“Xinyuan”)

Cayman Islands
January 27, 2006

US$

50,000,000

100

Investment holding company

South Glory International Ltd.

Hong Kong
January 17, 2001

HK$

10,000

100

Investment holding company

Victory Good Development Ltd.

Hong Kong
January 17, 2001

HK$

10,000

100

Investment holding company

Elite Quest Holdings Ltd.

Hong Kong
November 19, 2001

HK$

10,000

100

Investment holding company

XIN Irvine, LLC

United States
July 12, 2012

US$

50,000

100

Real estate development

Vista Sierra, LLC

United States
May 1, 2012

US$

100

Real estate development


XIN Development Management East, LLC	United States August 28, 2012	US$	1,000	100	%	Property management services

XIN NY Holding, LLC	United States August 29, 2012	US$	1,000	100	%	Investment holding company

421 Kent Development, LLC	United States August 29, 2012	US$	1,000	100	%	Real estate development

Xinyuan Sailing Co., Ltd.	Hong Kong June 21, 2013	HK$	3,000,000	100	%	Investment holding company

AWAN Plasma Sdn Bhd	Malaysia April 16, 2007	MYR	33,577,000	100	%	Real estate development

XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd	Malaysia July 9, 2014	MYR	33,217,000	100	%	Investment holding company

Xinyuan Internet Finance Co., Ltd.	Cayman Islands July 7, 2015	US$	50,000	100	%	Investment holding company

New Dawn International Ltd.	Cayman Islands July 7, 2015	US$	50,000	100	%	Investment holding company

New Legend International Ltd.	Cayman Islands July 7, 2015	US$	50,000	100	%	Investment holding company

NewPoint International Ltd.	Cayman Islands July 7, 2015	US$	50,000	100	%	Investment holding company

NewGrace International Ltd.	Cayman Islands July 7, 2015	US$	50,000	100	%	Investment holding company

China Online Finance Research Institute Limited	Hong Kong July 17, 2015	US$	1,000,000	100	%	Dormant

Genesis Ocean Investments Ltd.	Hong Kong August 19, 2015	HK$	100	100	%	Investment holding company

Honest View Development Ltd.	Hong Kong August 19, 2015	HK$	100	100	%	Investment holding company

Honour Triumph Enterprises Ltd.	Hong Kong August 19, 2015	HK$	100	100	%	Investment holding company

Well Poly Holdings Ltd.	Hong Kong August 19, 2015	HK$	100	100	%	Investment holding company

Zhengzhou Yasheng Construction Material Co., Ltd.	PRC October 22, 2013	US$	50,000,000	100	%	Sales of construction material

Zhengzhou Jiasheng Real Estate Co., Ltd	PRC December 2, 2013	US$	60,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Zhengzhou Yusheng Landscape Design Co., Ltd.	PRC December 25, 2013	US$	70,000,000	100	%	Landscaping engineering and management

Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. (“WFOE”)	PRC April 10, 2006	US$	307,000,000	100	%	Investment holding company

Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Henan Xinyuan”)	PRC May 19, 1997	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Qingdao Xinyuan Xiangrui Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC February 9, 2006	RMB	10,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Shandong Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Shandong Xinyuan”)	PRC June 2, 2006	RMB	300,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Xinyuan Property Service Co., Ltd.	PRC December 28, 1998	RMB	50,000,000	100	%	Property management services

Zhengzhou Mingyuan Landscape Engineering Co., Ltd.	PRC February 17, 2004	RMB	2,000,000	100	%	Landscaping engineering and management


Zhengzhou Xinyuan Computer Network Engineering Co., Ltd.	PRC May 26, 2004	RMB	2,000,000	100	%	Installation of intercom systems

Henan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Henan Wanzhuo”)	PRC December 29, 2011	RMB	20,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Suzhou Xinyuan Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. (“Suzhou Xinyuan”)	PRC November 24, 2006	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Anhui Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC December 7, 2006	RMB	50,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Kunshan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC January 31, 2008	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Xinyuan Real Estate (Chengdu) Co., Ltd.	PRC June 12, 2007	RMB	220,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Xuzhou Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC November 09, 2009	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Henan Xinyuan Jiye Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC November 15, 2009	RMB	50,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing Xinyuan Wanzhong Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Wanzhong”)	PRC March 4, 2008	RMB	900,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing Heju Management Consulting Service Co., Ltd.	PRC January 16, 2009	RMB	30,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Xinyuan Renju (Beijing) Asset Management Co., Ltd.	PRC January 16, 2009	RMB	30,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Zhengzhou Jiantou Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Jiantou Xinyuan”)	PRC June 13, 2005	RMB	10,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing Xinyuan Priority Real Estate Consulting Co., Ltd.	PRC March 8, 2012	RMB	30,000,000	100	%	Real estate consulting services

Henan Xinyuan Priority Commercial Management Co., Ltd.	PRC August 10, 2012	RMB	2,000,000	100	%	Leasing management services

Suzhou Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC September 20, 2012	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing Xinyuan Jiye Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC February 17, 2013	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Jiangsu Jiajing Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC March 28, 2005	RMB	150,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing XIN Media Co., Ltd.	PRC July 10, 2013	RMB	10,000,000	100	%	Culture and Media services

Xingyang Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC July 25, 2013	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

APEC Construction Investment (Beijing) Co., Ltd.	PRC August 1, 2013	RMB	100,000,000	100	%	Dormant

Beijing Xinxiang Huicheng Decoration Co., Ltd.	PRC October 18, 2013	RMB	10,000,000	100	%	Property decoration services

Xinrongji (Beijing) Investment Co., Ltd.	PRC December 25, 2013	RMB	100,000,000	100	%	Dormant

Sanya Beida Science and Technology Park Industrial Development Co., Ltd.	PRC January 10, 2014	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Chengdu Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC February 21, 2014	RMB	50,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.*	PRC May 27, 2014	RMB	100,000,000	80	%	Real estate development

Zhengzhou Hengsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC June 19, 2014	RMB	20,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing Xinyuan Xindo Park E-commerce Co., Ltd.	PRC August 12, 2014	RMB	202,000,000	100	%	Electronic commerce

Beijing Economy Cooperation Ruifeng Investment Co., Ltd.	PRC September 15, 2014	RMB	20,000,000	90	%	Real estate development

Tianjin Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC September 17, 2014	RMB	100,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Xi'an Xinyuan Metropolitan Business Management Co., Ltd.	PRC November 25, 2014	RMB	3,000,000	100	%	Property management services

Beijing Xinleju Technology Development Co., Ltd.	PRC December 24, 2014	RMB	10,000,000	100	%	Technical service

Changsha Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC April 3, 2014	RMB	100,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Junxin”)	PRC January 16, 2014	RMB	5,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd	PRC January 1, 2015	RMB	30,000,000	100	%	Retail store

Beijing Xinhe Investment Development Co.,Ltd	PRC May 5, 2015	RMB	5,000,000	100	%	Investment holding

Jinan Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd	PRC December 4, 2015	RMB	3,000,000	100	%	Retail store

Henan Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd	PRC March 23, 2015	RMB	10,000,000	100	%	Retail store

Henan Xinyuan Guangsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC July 27, 2015	RMB	40,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Shanghai Hexinli Property Management Center (Limited partnership)	PRC July 28, 2015	RMB	100,000	100	%	Property management services

Shenzhen Xilefu Internet Financial Service Co., Ltd.	PRC June 12, 2015	RMB	5,000,000	100	%	Dormant

Shenzhen Xileju Technology Development Co., Ltd.	PRC June 4, 2015	RMB	5,000,000	100	%	Intelligent information system development

Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Marketing Co., Ltd.	PRC July 30, 2015	RMB	1,000,000	100	%	Real estate marketing

Shandong Xinyuan Renju Real Estate Co., Ltd. **	PRC November 19, 2011	RMB	50,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

VIEs:
Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Jinan Wanzhuo”)	PRC December 4, 2013	RMB	300,000,000	95	%	Real estate development

Henan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.("Henan Quansheng")	PRC January 14, 2015	RMB	40,000,000	90	%	Real estate development

Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Zhengzhou Shengdao”)	PRC October 14, 2013	RMB	20,000,000	80	%	Real estate development

*	Liquidated on December 9, 2015.
**	Acquired on March 1, 2015.

Equity holdings remained unchanged throughout the year ended December 31, 2015 except for Shanghai Junxin, Zhengzhou Shengdao, Henan Quansheng and Changsha Wanzhuo (see note 1 and 2(a)).

Summary of significant accounting policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Summary of significant accounting policies [Abstract]

Summary of significant accounting policies

2. Summary of significant accounting policies

(a) The Company and basis of presentation and consolidation

Xinyuan Real Estate Co. Ltd. (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Group”) are principally engaged in residential real estate development and the provision of property management services. The Group's operations are conducted mainly in the People's Republic of China (“PRC”). In 2012, the Group expanded its business into the U.S. residential real estate market. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All inter-company transactions and balances between the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group and cease to be consolidated from the date on which control is transferred out of the Group. Where there is a loss of control of a subsidiary, the consolidated financial statements include the results for the part of the reporting year during which the Group has control.

In accordance with ASC 810 Consolidation Jinan Wanzhuo, Henan Quansheng and Zhengzhou Shengdao as of December 31, 2015 and Shanghai Junxin, Jinan Wanzhuo and Changsha Wanzhuo as of December 31, 2014 are variable interest entities as they were not established with sufficient equity at risk to finance their activities without additional subordinated financial support. As of December 31, 2014, the Company was considered as the primary beneficiary of Shanghai Junxin, Jinan Wanzhuo and Changsha Wanzhuo, as it has the power to direct the activities of Shanghai Junxin, Jinan Wanzhuo and Changsha Wanzhuo that most significantly impact their economic performance and has the obligation to absorb the losses and the right to receive benefits from Shanghai Junxin, Jinan Wanzhuo and Changsha Wanzhuo through its voting interest underlying the 51%, the 95% and the 75% equity interests, respectively, in accordance with PRC Company Law and the articles of association of Shanghai Junxin, Jinan Wanzhuo and Changsha Wanzhuo, respectively. Based on the above, Shanghai Junxin, Jinan Wanzhuo and Changsha Wanzhuo are consolidated by the Company. As of December 31,2015, the Company is considered as the primary beneficiary of Jinan Wanzhuo , Henan Quansheng and Zhengzhou Shengdao, as it has the power to direct the activities of Jinan Wanzhuo, Henan Quansheng and Zhengzhou Shengdao that most significantly impact their economic performance and has the obligation to absorb the losses and the right to receive benefits from Jinan Wanzhuo , Henan Quansheng and Zhengzhou Shengdao through its voting interest underlying the 95%, the 90% and the 80% equity interests, respectively, in accordance with PRC Company Law and the articles of association of Jinan Wanzhuo, Henan Quansheng and Zhengzhou Shengdao, respectively. Based on the above, Jinan Wanzhuo, , Henan Quansheng and Zhengzhou Shengdao are consolidated by the Company.

Shanghai Junxin, with registered capital of US$0.8 million (RMB5.0 million), was acquired by the Company on April 11, 2014, for the purpose of acquiring a parcel of land located in Shanghai and undertaking a residential property development project accordingly. On May 27, 2014 (“transaction date”), an unrelated trust company purchased 49% of the equity interest in Shanghai Junxin and lent US$81.2 million (RMB497.6 million) to Shanghai Junxin. The loan is for a two-year term and bears interest at an annual rate of 11.5% for the first year and 15.5% for the second year. As of December 31, 2014, Shanghai Junxin had one project under construction. Pursuant to the share purchase agreement, the 49% of non-controlling equity interest of Shanghai Junxin will be repurchased by the Company in cash at the earlier of the second anniversary of the transaction date or the day after the Company's repayment of the shareholder's loan above. Therefore, the non-controlling interest is mandatorily redeemable and is accounted for as liability in accordance with ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity. On January 12, 2015, the Company repurchased the 49% equity interest of Shanghai Junxin from CITIC and Shanghai Junxin ceased to be VIE .

Jinan Wanzhuo, with registered capital of US$48.8 million (RMB300.0 million), was established by the Company on December 4, 2013, for the purpose of undertaking a residential property development project in Jinan, Shandong province. On June 24, 2014 (“transaction date”), an unrelated asset management company purchased 5% of the equity interest in Jinan Wanzhuo and lent US$111.7 million (RMB685.0 million) to Jinan Wanzhuo. The loan is for a two-year term and bears interest at an annual rate of 11.24%. As of December 31, 2015, Jinan Wanzhuo had one project under construction. Pursuant to the share purchase agreement, the 5% of non-controlling equity interest of Jinan Wanzhuo will be repurchased by the Company in cash at the earlier of the second anniversary of the transaction date, or the date the Company elects to repurchase the 5% equity interest of Jinan Wanzhuo. The Company can exercise its right of redemption starting from the first anniversary of the transaction date. Therefore, the non-controlling interest is mandatorily redeemable and is accounted for as liability in accordance with ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity. In addition, since the Company planned to repurchase the 5% equity interest of Jinan Wanzhuo within the next 12 months, the liability is classified as current liability.

Changsha Wanzhuo, with registered capital of US$16.3 million (RMB100.0 million), was established by the Company on April 3, 2014, for the purpose of undertaking a residential property development project in Changsha, Hunan province. On September 15, 2014 (“transaction date”), an unrelated investment management company purchased 25% of the equity interest in Changsha Wanzhuo and lent US$65.4 million (RMB400.0 million) to Changsha Wanzhuo. The loan is for a nine-month term and bears interest at an annual rate of 12%. As of December 31, 2014, Changsha Wanzhuo had one project under construction. Pursuant to the share purchase agreement, the 25% of non-controlling equity interest of Changsha Wanzhuo will be repurchased by the Company in cash at the date of full repayment of the loan above. Therefore, the non-controlling interest is mandatorily redeemable and is accounted for as liability in accordance with ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity. On May 29, 2015, the Company repurchased the 25% equity interest of Changsha Wanzhuo from Lianxin and Changsha Wanzhuo ceased to be VIE .

Zhengzhou Shengdao, with registered capital of US$3.3 million (RMB20.0 million), was established by the Company on October 14, 2013, for the purpose of undertaking a residential property development project in Zhengzhou, Henan province. On March 5, 2015 (“transaction date”), an unrelated asset management company purchased 20% of the equity interest in Zhengzhou Shengdao and lent US$86.0million (RMB526.0 million) to Zhengzhou Shengdao. The loan is for a two-year term and bears interest at an annual rate of 10.984%. As of December 31, 2015, Zhengzhou Shengdao had two projects under construction. Pursuant to the share purchase agreement, the 20% of non-controlling equity interest of Zhengzhou Shengdao will be repurchased by the Company in cash at the earlier of the second anniversary of the transaction date, or the date the Company elects to repurchase the 20% equity interest of Zhengzhou Shengdao. The Company can exercise its right of redemption starting from the first anniversary of the transaction date. Therefore, the non-controlling interest is mandatorily redeemable and is accounted for as liability in accordance with ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity. In addition, since the Company has no intention to repurchase the 20% equity interest of Zhengzhou Shengdao within the next 12 months, the liability is classified as non-current liability.

Henan Quansheng, with registered capital of US$6.5 million (RMB40.0 million), was established by the Company on January 14, 2015, for the purpose of undertaking a residential property development project in Zhengzhou, Henan province. On March 23, 2015 (“transaction date”), an unrelated asset management company purchased 10% of the equity interest in Henan Quansheng and lent US$38.1 million (RMB233.0 million) to Henan Quansheng. The loan is for a two-year term and bears interest at an annual rate of 11%. As of December 31, 2015, Henan Quansheng had one project under construction. Pursuant to the share purchase agreement, the 10% of non-controlling equity interest of Henan Quansheng will be repurchased by the Company in cash at the earlier of the second anniversary of the transaction date, or the date the Company elects to repurchase the 10% equity interest of Henan Quansheng. The Company can exercise its right of redemption starting from the first anniversary of the transaction date. Therefore, the non-controlling interest is mandatorily redeemable and is accounted for as liability in accordance with ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity. In addition, since the Company has no intention to repurchase the 10% equity interest of Henan Quansheng within the next 12 months, the liability is classified as non-current liability.

The carrying amounts and classifications of the assets and liabilities of the VIEs are as follows:

	December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015
		US$	US$
Current assets		681,567,691		412,763,119
Non-current assets		2,268,129		7,469,208
Total assets		683,835,820		420,232,327

Current liabilities		537,233,210		262,759,976
Non-current liabilities		82,124,393		66,219,046

Total liabilities		619,357,603		328,979,022

The financial performance and cash flows of the VIEs are as follows:

	Year ended December 31, 2014			Year ended December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Revenue		25,715,106			168,108,983
Cost of revenue		(21,406,445	)		(125,707,809	)
Net (loss)/profit		(1,702,533	)		9,944,795
Net cash used in operating activities		(252,000,125	)		(4,601,835	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(799,144	)		(6,098,628	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		358,987,226			35,532,406

As of December 31, 2015, the current liabilities of the VIEs included amounts due to subsidiaries of the Group of US$55,881,889(2014:214,657,398), which was eliminated upon consolidation by the Company.

As of December 31, 2015, the land use rights included in real estate properties under development of the VIEs of US$289,057,933(2014:404,133,649)were pledged as collateral for bank loans and other debt. Creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary.

The VIEs contributed 14.4% (2014:2.8%) of the Company's consolidated revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015.

(b) Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes, and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the selection of the useful lives of property and equipment and capital lease, allowance for doubtful debt associated with accounts receivable, other receivables, deposit for land use rights, other deposits and prepayments and advances to suppliers, fair values of the purchase price allocation with respect to business combinations, revenue recognition for percentage of completion method, accounting for the share-based compensation, classification of financial instruments, accounting for mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests, accounting for deferred income taxes, impairment of real estate properties under development, real estate properties held for lease and long-term investments, and provision necessary for contingent liabilities. Management analyzed the forecasted cash flows for the twelve months from December 31, 2015, which indicates that the Group will have sufficient liquidity from cash flows generated by operations and existing credit facilities and therefore, there will be sufficient financial resources to settle borrowings and payables that will be due in the next twelve months. Management believes that the estimates utilized in preparing its consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

(c) Fair value of financial instruments

Financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, restricted deposit, short-term investments, accounts receivable, other deposits and prepayments, due from employees, due from related party, other receivables, investment in joint venture and other long-term investment, accounts payable, customer deposits, other payables and accrued liabilities, and borrowings. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, restricted deposit, short-term investments, accounts receivable, other deposits and prepayments, due from employees, due from related party, other receivables, accounts payable, customer deposits, other payables and accrued liabilities, and short-term bank borrowings approximate their fair value due to the short term maturities of these instruments. The Group is exposed to credit risk for financial assets and its maximum amount of loss in the event of non-performance by the counterparty is the recorded amount. The Group generally does not require collateral for its financial assets or liabilities, except as disclosed in Note 10, Note 11 and Note 12. Trading securities were initially recognized at cost and subsequently remeasured at the end of each reporting period with the adjustment in its fair value recognized in profit and loss. Available-for-sale securities were initially recognized at cost and subsequently remeasured at the end of each reporting period with the adjustment in its fair value recognized in accumulated comprehensive income.

Investment in joint ventures and other long-term investments have no quoted market prices and it is not practicable to estimate their fair value without incurring excessive costs. The Group reviews the investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may no longer be recoverable.

The carrying amounts of the long-term borrowings approximate their fair values because the stated interest rates approximate rates currently offered by financial institutions for similar debt instruments of comparable credit risk and maturities.

Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument's categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Accounting guidance establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1-Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets

Level 2-Includes other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the market place

Level 3-Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity

The carrying values of the Company's financial instruments approximate their fair values except for the short-term investments.

ASC 820 describes three main approaches for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset.

In accordance with ASC 820, the investment in equity securities, real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) and money market instrument classified as trading security is within Level 1 as the Company measures the fair value using quoted trading prices that are published on a regular basis.

(d) Foreign currency translation

The Group's financial information is presented in U.S. dollars. The functional currency of the Company is U.S. dollars. The functional currency of the Company's subsidiaries in the PRC is Renminbi (“RMB”), the currency of the PRC. The functional currency of the Company's subsidiaries in Malaysia is Malaysian Ringgit (“MYR”), the currency of the Malaysia. The functional currency of the Company's subsidiaries other than those in the PRC and Malaysia is U.S. dollars. Transactions by the Company's subsidiaries in the PRC which are denominated in currencies other than RMB are remeasured into RMB at the exchange rate quoted by the People's Bank of China (“PBOC”) prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Exchange gains and losses resulting from transactions denominated in a currency other than RMB are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income as exchange gains. The consolidated financial statements of the Company's subsidiaries have been translated into U.S. dollars in accordance with ASC 830, “Foreign Currency Matters”. The PRC subsidiaries' financial information is first prepared in RMB and then is translated into U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates as to assets and liabilities and average exchange rates as to revenue and expenses. Capital accounts are translated at their historical exchange rates when the capital transactions occurred.

The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders' equity.

	December 31, 2013		December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015

Year end RMB: US$ exchange rate		6.0969		6.1190		6.4936
Period average RMB: US$ exchange rate		6.1956		6.1424		6.2272

The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currency and all foreign exchange transactions must take place through authorized institutions. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at the rates used in translation.

(e) Cash and cash equivalents

The Group considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Group maintains bank accounts mainly in the PRC, Hong Kong and United States. The vast majority of the PRC bank balances are denominated in RMB. Hong Kong and United States bank balances are denominated in U.S. dollars.

Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits in accounts maintained with various state-owned and private banks within the PRC, Hong Kong and United States. Total cash in banks at December 31, 2015 amounted to US$387,528,092 (December 31, 2014: US$140,494,754), of which the vast majority of deposits are not covered by insurance. The Group has not experienced any losses in such accounts and management believes it is not exposed to any risks on its cash in bank accounts.

(f) Restricted cash and restricted deposit

The Group is required to maintain certain deposits with banks that provide mortgage loans to the Group's customers in order to purchase residential units from the Group (see Note 14). These balances are subject to withdrawal restrictions and totaled US$47,351,169 as of December 31, 2015 (December 31, 2014: US$29,674,355). The Group is also required to maintain certain deposits with banks and financial institutions that provide loans to the Group. As of December 31, 2015, the Group held US$315,786,041 (December 31, 2014: US$333,092,735) in its restricted cash accounts, representing funds received from loans, which were designated to finance permitted project development expenditures that are subject to approval by the lender. As of December 31, 2015, the Group also held US$232,351,854 (December 31, 2014: US$68,990,158) in its restricted cash accounts and held nil (December 31, 2014: US$69,357,738) in its restricted deposits accounts as security for its short-term loans (see Note 10), held nil (December 31, 2014: US$24,513,809) in its restricted cash accounts and nil (December 31, 2014: nil) in its restricted deposit accounts as security for its long-term loans and current portion of long-term loans (see Note 11), and held US$29,918,940 (December 31, 2014: US$68,672,151) in its restricted cash accounts as security for its other debts (see Note 12). These restricted cash deposits are not covered by insurance. The Group has not experienced any losses in such accounts and management believes it is not exposed to any risks on its cash in bank accounts.

(g) Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale

Real estate properties consist of finished residential unit sites, commercial offices and residential unit sites under development. The Group leases the land for the residential unit sites under land use right leases with various terms from the PRC. Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale are stated at the lower of carrying amounts or fair value less selling costs.

Expenditures for land development, including cost of land use rights, deed tax, pre-development costs and engineering costs, are capitalized and allocated to development projects by the specific identification method. Costs are allocated to specific units within a project based on the ratio of the sales value of units to the estimated total sales value times the total project costs.

Costs of amenities transferred to buyers are allocated as common costs of the project that are allocated to specific units as a component of total construction costs. For amenities retained by the Group, costs in excess of the related fair value of the amenities are also treated as common costs. Results of operations of amenities retained by the Group are included in the current operating results.

In accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” (“ASC 360”), real estate property development completed, under development and held for sale are subject to valuation adjustments when the carrying amount exceeds fair value. An impairment loss is recognized only if the carrying amount of the assets is not recoverable and exceeds fair value. The carrying amount is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets.

When the profitability of a current project deteriorates due to a slowdown in the sales pace, reduction of pricing or some other factor, this indicates that there may be a possible future loss on delivery and possible impairment in the recoverability of the assets. Accordingly, the assets of such project are subsequently reviewed for future losses and impairment by comparing the estimated future undiscounted cash flows for the project to the carrying value of such project. If the estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the asset's carrying value, such deficit will be charged as a future loss and the asset will then be written down to its estimated fair value.

The Group determines estimated fair value primarily by discounting the estimated future cash flows relating to the asset. In estimating the cash flows for a project, the Group uses various factors including (a) the expected pace at which the planned number of units will be sold, based on competitive market conditions, historical trends in sales pace and actual average selling prices of similar product offerings and any other long or short-term economic conditions which may impact the market in which the project is located; (b) the estimated net sales prices expected to be attained based on the current market conditions and historical price trends, as well as any estimated increases in future sales prices based upon the projected rate of unit sales, the estimated time gap between presale and expected delivery, the impact of government policies, the local and regional competitive environment, and certain external factors such as the opening of a subway line, school or factory; and (c) the expected costs to be incurred in the future by the Group, including, but not limited to, construction cost, construction overhead, sales and marketing, sales taxes and interest costs.

The Group's determination of fair value requires discounting the estimated cash flows at a rate commensurate with the inherent risk associated with the assets and related estimated cash flows. The discount rate used in determining each project's fair value depends on the stage of development, location and other specific factors that increase or decrease the risk associated with the estimated cash flows.

The properties held for sale consist of finished lots for single family home communities and custom homes located in Reno, Nevada, U.S., and finished condominium units located in Irvine, California, U.S., which were acquired in the second and third quarter of 2012, respectively. All of the properties held for sale were sold as of December 31, 2015.

For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group did not recognize any impairment for real estate properties completed, under development and held for sale.

(h) Revenue recognition

Real estate sales are reported in accordance with the provisions of ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” and ASC 976, “Real Estate-Retail Land” .

Percentage-of-completion method

Revenue and profit from the sale of development properties is recognized by the percentage-of-completion method on the sale of individual units when the following conditions are met:

•

Construction is beyond a preliminary stage.

•

The buyer is committed to the extent of being unable to require a refund except for non-delivery of the unit.

•

Sufficient units have already been sold to assure that the entire property will not revert to rental property.

•

Sales prices are collectible.

•

Aggregate sales proceeds and costs can be reasonably estimated.

If any of the above criteria is not met, proceeds are accounted for as customer deposits until the criteria are met.

During parts of 2011 and 2012 the Group offered certain homebuyers seller-financing arrangements. All the homebuyers entered into such arrangement were subject to credit verification procedures. In addition, accounts receivable balances are unsecured, but monitored on an ongoing basis via the Group's management reporting procedures. The Group provided longer payment terms, ranging between six months to two years to particular home buyers after applying strict credit requirements based on the Group's credit policy. In the second half of 2012, execution of seller-financed contracts dropped significantly to the point that the Group did not offer seller-financed contracts to second home buyers starting in the fourth quarter of 2012. Commencing in the second quarter of 2014, the Group again offer seller-financed contracts. Under current seller-financed contract arrangements, the buyer pays the purchase price for the residential unit in installment payments over one year. These contracts generally require a 10% down payment upon the contract execution date, the second payment of 20% to 70% within 180 days to 270 days and the final payment 30 days before delivery.

Since 2013, PRC banks have tightened the distributions of mortgage loans to homebuyers. Therefore, mortgage loans for homebuyers have been subject to longer processing periods or even denied by the banks. The Group took the position that the processing periods of the contracts with underlying mortgage loans exceeding one year cannot be recognized as revenue under the percentage of completion method. As a result, the Group reversed contracted sales amounts of US$4.2 million related to sales contracts of 28 apartments when determining revenue to be recognized under the percentage of completion method in 2015.

Under the percentage of completion method, revenues from units sold and related costs are recognized over the course of the construction period, based on the completion progress of a project. In relation to any project, revenue is determined by calculating the ratio of incurred costs, including land use rights costs and construction costs, to total estimated costs and applying that ratio to the contracted sales amounts. Cost of sales is recognized by determining the ratio of contracted sales during the period to total estimated sales value, and applying that ratio to the incurred costs. Current period amounts are calculated based on the difference between the life-to-date project totals and the previously recognized amounts.

The effect of changes to total estimated contract cost or revenues, if any, are recognized in the period in which they are determined. Revenue recognized to date in excess of amounts received from customers is classified as current assets under real estate properties under development. Amounts received from customers in excess of revenue recognized to date are classified as current liabilities under customer deposits. As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, the gross amounts received from customers in excess of revenues recognized were US$223.5 million and US$280.2 million, respectively.

Any losses occurred or forecast to occur on real estate transactions are recognized in the period in which the loss is first anticipated.

Full accrual method

Revenue from sales of development properties where the construction period, the period from the construction permit award date to the unit delivery date is expected to be 12 months or less, or the construction period is expected to be longer than 12 months and sales prices are not certain to be collected is recognized by the full accrual method when the sale is consummated and the unit has been delivered. Revenue from the sale of properties held for sale is recognized by the full accrual method at the time of the closing of an individual unit sale. This occurs when title to the property is transferred to the buyer. A sale is not considered consummated until (a) the parties are bound by the terms of a contract, (b) all consideration has been exchanged, (c) any permanent financing of which the seller is responsible has been arranged, (d) all conditions precedent to closing have been performed, (e) the seller does not have substantial continuing involvement with the property, and (f) the usual risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer. In addition, the buyer's initial and continuing investment must be adequate to demonstrate a commitment to pay for the property, and the buyer's receivable, if any, must not be subject to future subordination. Sales transactions not meeting all the conditions of the full accrual method are accounted for using the deposit method in which all costs are capitalized as incurred, and payments received from the buyer are recorded as a deposit liability.

For the year ended December 31, 2013, revenue was recognized in the amount of US$1.2 million for the resale of several parcels of the Northern Nevada Land Portfolio and US$5.4 million for the sale of 7 of 15 finished condominium units located in Irvine, California. For the year ended December 31, 2014, revenue was recognized in the amount of US$4.9 million for the sales of 7 of 15 finished condominium units located in Irvine, California. For the year ended December 31, 2015, revenue was recognized in the amount of US$0.8 million for the resale of the remaining parcels of the Northern Nevada Land Portfolio and US$0.8 million for the sales of the remaining 1 finished condominium unit located in Irvine, California.

Real estate lease income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the tenancy agreements. Depreciation cost and maintenance cost of the property are recorded as the cost of rental income.

Other revenue includes services ancillary to the Group's real estate projects, including property management, landscaping and computer network engineering. Property management income is ratably as services are provided over the term of the property management agreements. Landscaping and computer network engineering income is recognized when services are provided.

(i) Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable consists of balances due from customers for the sale of residential units in the PRC. These balances are unsecured, bear no interest and are due within a year from the date of the sale.

Accounts receivable are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances become doubtful. As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, there was no allowance for doubtful debts.

(j) Other receivables

Other receivables consist of various cash advances to unrelated companies and individuals with which the Group has business relationships. The balance as at December 31, 2015 mainly included the amounts that the Company paid to third parties related to the direct negotiation model in acquiring lands.

Other receivables are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances becomes doubtful. As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, there was no allowance for doubtful debts.

(k) Deposits for land use rights

Deposits for land use rights consist of upfront cash payments made to local land bureaus to secure land use rights under executed short-term or long-term land framework cooperation agreements or land use rights agreements.

Deposits for land use rights are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances become doubtful. There were no impairment losses for any periods presented.

(l) Other deposits and prepayments

Other deposits and prepayments mainly consist of upfront cash payments made to third parties related to direct negotiation model in acquiring lands .

Other deposits and prepayments are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances become doubtful. There were no impairment losses for any periods presented.

(m) Advances to suppliers

Advances to suppliers consist of balances paid to contractors and vendors for services and materials that have not been provided or received and generally relate to the development and construction of residential units in the PRC. Advances to suppliers are reviewed periodically to determine whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if it is doubtful that the services and materials can be provided. As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, there was no allowance provided.

(n) Customer deposits

Customer deposits consist of amounts received from customers relating to the sale of residential units in the PRC. In the PRC, customers will generally obtain financing for the purchase of their residential unit prior to the completion of the project. The lending institution will provide the funding to the Group upon the completion of the financing rather than the completion of the project. The Group receives these funds and recognizes them as a current liability until the revenue can be recognized.

(o) Notes payable and other payables

Notes payable represents short-term bank acceptance notes issued by financial institutions that entitle the holder to receive the stated amount from the financial institutions at the maturity date of the notes. The Group has utilized notes payable to settle amounts owed to suppliers and contractors. The notes payable is non-interest bearing and is normally settled within six months. Notes payable was US$2,453,228 and US$46,986,399 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively.

Other payables consist of balances for non-construction costs with unrelated companies and individuals with which the Group has business relationships.

(p) Real estate properties held for lease, net

Real estate properties held for lease are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives of the real estate properties held for lease are 20-60 years.

Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged directly to expenses as incurred. Major additions and improvements to the real estate properties held for lease are capitalized.

In accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” (“ASC 360”), real estate properties held for lease is subject to valuation adjustments when the carrying amount exceeds fair value. An impairment loss is recognized only if the carrying amount of the assets is not recoverable and exceeds fair value. The carrying amount is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets.

For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group did not recognize any impairment for real estate properties held for lease.

(q) Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives of the assets are as follows:

Aircraft		15 years
Vehicles		5 years
Furniture and fixtures		5 years

Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged directly to expense as incurred unless such expenditures extend the useful life or represent a betterment, in which case they are capitalized.

(r) Long-term investments

The Group accounts for long-term investments as equity method investment and cost method investments as follows:

Where the Group has significant influence over the investee, the Group applies the equity method of accounting in accordance with ASC subtopic 323-10-20 (“ASC 323-10-20”), Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures . The reporting dates and accounting policies of the equity investee are the same as the Group. The investment in the equity investee is stated at cost, including the Group's share of the equity investee's net gain or loss, less any impairment in value. The Group recognizes in its consolidated statement of comprehensive income its share of the net income of the equity investees.

On October 21, 2013, the Group acquired a 51% equity interest in a joint venture, Shaanxi Zhongmao Economy Development Co., Ltd. (“Shaanxi Zhongmao”). There are only two shareholders in this joint venture, the Group and the founder of Shaanxi Zhongmao (collectively, the “joint venture shareholders”). According to the Shaanxi Zhongmao's articles of association, all significant decisions require unanimous consent of both the joint venture shareholders. Therefore, the joint venture shareholders exercise joint control over the joint venture. Based on the above, the Group accounts for its investment in Shaanxi Zhongmao as joint venture under the equity method in accordance with ASC 323-10-20. Investment income or loss is recognized by the Group periodically according to 51% of the total net profit or loss generated by the equity investee.

On March 19, 2014, the Group together with other four independent shareholders established a joint venture Huayi Xincheng (Beijing) Intelligent City Construction Co., Ltd. (“Huayi Xincheng”), in which the Group holds 40% equity interest. According to the Huayi Xincheng's articles of association, all significant decisions require unanimous consent of the shareholders. Therefore, the joint venture shareholders exercise joint control over the joint venture. Based on the above, the Group accounts for its investment in Huayi Xincheng as joint venture under the equity method in accordance with ASC 323-10-20. Investment income or loss is recognized by the Group periodically according to 40% of the total net profit or loss generated by the equity investee.

In accordance with ASC subtopic 325-20 (“ASC 325-20”), Investments-Other: Cost Method Investments, for investments in an investee over which the Company does not have significant influence and which do not have readily determinable fair value, the Company carries the investment at cost and only adjusts for other-than-temporary declines in fair value and distributions of earnings that exceed the Company's share of earnings since its investment. Management regularly evaluates the impairment of the cost method investments based on performance and financial position of the investee as well as other evidence of market value. Such evaluation includes, but is not limited to, reviewing the investee's cash position, recent financing, projected and historical financial performance, cash flow forecasts and financing needs. An impairment loss is recognized in earnings equal to the excess of the investment's cost over its fair value at the balance sheet date of the reporting period for which the assessment is made. The fair value would then become the new cost basis of investment. Cost method accounting is also applied to investments that are not considered as “in-substance” common stock investments, and do not have readily determinable fair values.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, the Group has a 1.85% investment in Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. The Group does not exercise significant influence over Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. and therefore, the Group accounts for the investment under the cost method. Investment income is recognized by the Group when the investee declares a dividend and the Group believes it is collectible.

As of December 31, 2015, the Group has an 80% investment in Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. (“Ruihao Rongtong”). In accordance with ASC 325-20, Cost Method Investments, cost method accounting was applied as the investment did not qualify as “in-substance” common stock and did not have readily determinable fair value. Investment income is recognized by the Group when the investee declares a dividend and the Group believes it is collectible.

There was nil dividend received for the 2013, 2014 and 2015.

No impairment provision was provided for the Company's long-term investments for any of the periods presented.

(s) Capitalized interest

The Group capitalizes interest as a component of building construction costs in accordance with ASC 835, “Interest” (“ASC 835”).

As a result of the total interest costs capitalized during the period, the interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, was as follows:

	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
Amortization of issuance cost related to other long term debt		640,565			3,744,695			6,554,767
Accretion of discount arising from warrants on Guaranteed Senior Secured Note		288,220			-			-
Interest expense on corporate aircraft capital lease		778,032			2,896,977			2,617,000
Interest on borrowings		36,515,162			128,014,504			171,035,655

Total interest costs		38,221,979			134,656,176			180,207,422
Less: total interest costs capitalized		(21,359,447	)		(106,455,409	)		(159,926,006	)

Interest expense, net		16,862,532			28,200,767			20,281,416

(t) Retirement benefits

Regulations in the PRC require the Group to contribute to a defined contribution retirement plan for all permanent employees. Pursuant to the mandatory requirement from the local authority in the PRC, the retirement pension insurance, unemployment insurance, health insurance and housing fund were established for the employees during the term they are employed. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the level of contribution to these funds for each employee was determined at 43% of their average salary determined by the Social Welfare Bureau. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Group recorded expense in the amount of US$10,664,576 (2013: US$3,471,862; 2014: US$7,328,091). Employee benefits for the remaining wholly owned subsidiaries were immaterial.

(u) Distribution of earnings and reserve fund

The Company's ability to pay dividends is primarily dependent on the Company receiving distributions from its subsidiaries. The earnings reflected in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP differ from those reflected in the statutory financial statements of the Company's subsidiaries. In accordance with the PRC Company Law, the PRC subsidiaries are required to transfer 10% of their profit after tax, as determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations, to the statutory surplus reserve (the “SSR”) until such reserve reaches 50% of the registered capital of the subsidiaries. Subject to certain restrictions set out in the PRC Company Law, the SSR may be distributed to stockholders in the form of share bonus issues to increase share capital, provided that the remaining balance after the capitalization is not less than 25% of the registered capital.

(v) Income taxes

The Group accounts for income tax using the balance sheet method. Deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, as well as unutilized net operating losses. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will either expire before the Group is able to realize their benefits, or that future utilization is uncertain. The Group assesses its need for valuation allowances by tax reporting unit by jurisdiction.

Interest and penalties arising from underpayment of income taxes is recognized according to the relevant tax law. The amount of interest expense to be recognized is computed by applying the applicable statutory rate of interest to the difference between the tax position recognized and the amount previously taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Interest recognized in accordance with ASC 740-10, “Income Tax” (“ASC 740-10”) is classified in the consolidated financial statements as interest expense, while penalties recognized in accordance with this Interpretation are classified in the consolidated financial statements as other expenses.

In accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10, the Group recognizes in its consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position if a tax return's position or future tax position is “more likely than not” to prevail (defined as a likelihood of more than fifty percent of being sustained upon audit, based on the technical merits of the tax position). Tax positions that meet the “more likely than not” threshold are measured (using a probability weighted approach) at the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon settlement. The Group's estimated liability for unrecognized tax benefits is periodically assessed for adequacy and may be affected by changing interpretations of laws, rulings by tax authorities, certain changes and/or developments with respect to audits, and expiration of the statute of limitations. The outcome for a particular audit cannot be determined with certainty prior to the conclusion of the audit and, in some cases, appeal or litigation process. The actual benefits ultimately realized may differ from the Group's estimates. As each audit is concluded, adjustments, if any, are appropriately recorded in the Group's consolidated financial statements. Additionally, in future periods, changes in facts, circumstances, and new information may require the Group to adjust the recognition and measurement estimates with regards to individual tax positions. Changes in recognition and measurement estimates are recognized in the period in which the changes occur.

(w) Land Appreciation Tax (“LAT”)

In accordance with the relevant taxation laws for real estate companies of the provinces in which the subsidiaries operate in the PRC, the local tax authorities levy LAT based on progressive rates ranging from 30% to 60% on the appreciation of land value, being the proceeds of sales of properties less deductible expenditures, including borrowing costs and all property development expenditures. LAT is prepaid based on a fixed percentage (varying by local tax jurisdiction) of customer deposits and is expensed when the related revenue is recognized, as explained at Note 2(h).

(x) Comprehensive income

Comprehensive income is defined as the changes in equity of the Group during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances excluding transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Among other disclosures, ASC topic 220, Comprehensive Income, requires that all items that are required to be recognized under current accounting standards as components of comprehensive income be reported in a financial statement that is displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements. For each of the periods presented, the Group's comprehensive income includes net income and foreign currency translation adjustments and is presented in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

(y) Advertising and promotion expenses

Advertising and promotion costs are expensed as incurred, or the first time the activity takes place, in accordance with ASC 720-35, “Advertising Costs”. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Group recorded advertising and promotion expenses of US$35,350,419 (2013: US$18,096,298; 2014: US$32,137,186).

(z) Leases

In accordance with ASC 840, “Leases”, leases are classified at the inception date as either a capital lease or an operating lease. For the lessee, a lease is a capital lease if any of the following conditions exist: a) ownership is transferred to the lessee by the end of the lease term, b) there is a bargain purchase option, c) the lease term is at least 75% of the property's estimated remaining economic life or d) the present value of the minimum lease payments at the beginning of the lease term is 90% or more of the fair value of the leased property to the lessor at the inception date. A capital lease is accounted for as if there was an acquisition of an asset and an incurrence of an obligation at the inception of the lease.

On October 23, 2012, the Group entered into an agreement with Minsheng Hongtai (Tianjin) Aircraft Leasing Co., Ltd. to lease a corporate aircraft (see Note 13).The lease meets the transfer-of-ownership to the lessee criterion and is therefore classified as a capital lease. The capital lease is measured at the commencement of the lease at an amount equal to the present value at the beginning of the lease term of minimum lease payments during the lease term excluding that portion of the payments representing executory costs (such as insurance, maintenance, and taxes to be paid by the lessor) including any profit thereon. During the lease term, each minimum lease payment is allocated between a reduction of the obligation and interest expense to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the obligation (the interest method). A leased asset is amortized in a manner consistent with the Group's normal depreciation policy for owned assets (see Note 6).

All other leases are accounted for as operating leases wherein rental payments are expensed as incurred. Certain lease arrangements contain escalation clauses.

For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Group recorded operating lease expenses of US$7,613,448 (2013: US$3,694,591; 2014: US$6,031,670).

(aa) Property warranty

The Company and its subsidiaries provide customers with warranties which cover major defects of building structure and certain fittings and facilities of properties sold as stipulated in the relevant sales contracts. The warranty period varies from two months to three years, depending on different property components the warranty covers.

The Group regularly estimates potential costs for materials and labor with regards to warranty-type claims expected to be incurred subsequent to the delivery of a property. Reserves are determined based on historical data and trends with respect to similar property types and geographical areas. The Group regularly monitors the warranty reserve and makes adjustments to its pre-existing warranties, if any, in order to reflect changes in trends and historical data as information becomes available. The Group may seek recourse against its contractors or any related third parties if it can be demonstrated they are at fault. In addition, the Group withholds up to 5% of the contract cost from sub-contractors for periods of 2 to 5 years. These amounts are included in current liabilities, and are only paid to the extent that there has been no warranty claim against the Group relating to the work performed or materials supplied by the subcontractors. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group had not recognized any warranty liability or incurred any warranty costs in excess of the amount retained from subcontractors.

(ab) Earnings per share

Earnings per share are calculated in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share”. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to holders of common shares by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common shares were exercised or converted into common shares. Common shares issuable upon the conversion of the convertible note, were included in diluted earnings per common share computation for the period during which they were outstanding using the if-converted method. Common share equivalents consists of common shares issuable upon the exercise of the share options and vesting of restricted shares units using treasury stock method. Common equivalents shares are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share if their effects would be anti-dilutive. . The non-vested options granted with performance conditions are excluded in the computation of diluted EPS unless the options are dilutive and unless their conditions (a) have been satisfied at the reporting date or (b) would have been satisfied if the reporting date was the end of the contingency period.

(ac) Treasury Shares

The Company accounted for shares repurchased as treasury shares at cost in accordance to ASC Subtopic 505-30 (“ASC 505-30”), “Treasury Shares”. When the Company decides to retire the treasury shares, the difference between the original issuance price and the repurchase price may be allocated between additional paid in capital and retained earnings.

On July 12, 2013, the Board of Directors unanimously authorized management to repurchase up to US$60 million of the Company's shares from the approval date to July 5, 2015. On December 28, 2015, the Board of Directors unanimously authorized management to repurchase up to US$40 million of the Company's shares from the approval date to the end of 2017. The Board of Directors also agreed to review the Company's share repurchase program periodically and to adjust the amount authorized for repurchase as necessary. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had a balance of 13,470,488 treasury shares amounting to US$24,045,440.

(ad) Senior Secured Notes

On May 3, 2013, the Company issued notes with an aggregate principal amount of US$200,000,000 due on May 3, 2018 (the "May 2018 Senior Secured Notes") at a coupon rate of 13.25% per annum payable semi-annually. Interest is payable on May 3 and November 3 of each year, commencing November 3, 2013. Given that the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes is debt in its legal form and is not a derivative in its entirety, it has been classified as other long-term debt. The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes under the requirements of ASC 815 "Derivatives and Hedging ". The embedded redemption options and repurchase features did not qualify for derivative accounting because the embedded derivatives were considered clearly and closely related to the characteristics of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes. The May 2018 Senior Secured Notes were issued at par.

On December 6, 2013, the Company issued notes with an aggregate principal amount of US$200,000,000 due on June 6, 2019 (the "June 2019 Senior Secured Notes") at a coupon rate of 13% per annum payable semi-annually. Interest is payable on June 6 and December 6 of each year, commencing June 6, 2014. Given that the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes is debt in its legal form and is not a derivative in its entirety, it has been classified as other long-term debt. The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes under the requirements of ASC 815. The embedded redemption options and repurchase features did not qualify for derivative accounting because the embedded derivatives were considered clearly and closely related to the characteristics of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes. The June 2019 Senior Secured Notes were issued at par.

In February 2015, through a consent solicitation to the holders of the May 2018 Secured Notes and the June 2019 Secured Notes, the Company amended the May 2018 and June 2019 Indentures (collectively, known as the “Indentures”) to provide it with additional flexibility in pursuing new business opportunities and new sources of capital. The amendments to the Indentures include: (i) to incur additional Indebtedness (as defined in the Indentures) in furtherance of the Company's business plans; (ii) make certain Restricted Payments (as defined in the Indentures) and Permitted Investments (as defined in the Indentures); and (iii) make certain deemed Investments (as defined in the Indentures) without having to satisfy the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Indentures) requirement. The amendments also amend (i) the “Limitation on Issuances of Guarantees by Restricted Subsidiaries” covenant in the Indentures to the extent that the Company believes necessary as a result of the amendments to other covenants and (ii) the “Limitation on Asset Sales” covenant in the Indentures to remove the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio requirement for Asset Dispositions (as defined in the Indentures). The amendments also amended certain related definitions in the Indentures. The Company accounted for the amendments, which did not result in a debt extinguishment pursuant to ASC 470-50, Debt – Modifications and Exchanges.

Onshore corporate bonds

On December 28, 2015, Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. issued the first tranche of the onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of RMB 1 billion(US$154 million) due on December 28, 2020 (the "First Tranche Bonds") at a coupon rate of 7.5% per annum payable annually. Interest is payable on December 28 of each year, commencing December 28, 2015. Given that First Tranche Bonds is debt in its legal form and is not a derivative in its entirety, it has been classified as other long-term debt. The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the First Tranche Bonds under the requirements of ASC 815 "Derivatives and Hedging ". The First Tranche Bonds were issued at par.

(ae) Deferred charges

Debt issuance costs are capitalized as deferred charges and amortized over the life of the loan to which they relate using the effective interest method. The remaining debt issuance cost to be amortized as of December 31, 2015 amounted to US$12,504,255 (2013: US$9,048,940; 2014: US$16,677,352).

(af) Short-term investments

All highly liquid investments with original maturities of greater than three months, but less than 12 months, are classified as short-term investments. Investments that are expected to be realized in cash during the next 12 months are also included in short-term investments. The Company accounts for its investments in debt and equity securities in accordance with ASC 320-10 (“ASC 320-10”), Investments-Debt and Equity Securities: Overall . The Company classifies the investments in debt and equity securities as “held-to-maturity”, “trading” or “available-for-sale”, whose classification determines the respective accounting methods stipulated by ASC 320-10. Dividend and interest income, including amortization of the premium and discount arising at acquisition, for all categories of investments in securities are included in earnings. Any realized gains or losses on the sale of the short-term investments are determined on a specific identification method, and such gains and losses are reflected in earnings during the period in which such gains or losses are realized.

The securities that the Company has positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity securities and stated at amortized cost. For individual securities classified as held-to-maturity securities, the Company evaluates whether a decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis is other-than-temporary in accordance with the Company's policy and ASC 320-10. When the Company intends to sell an impaired debt security or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis, an other-than-temporary impairment is deemed to have occurred. In these instances, the other-than-temporary impairment loss is recognized in earnings equal to the entire excess of the debt security's amortized cost basis over its fair value at the balance sheet date of the reporting period for which the assessment is made. When the Company does not intend to sell an impaired debt security and it is more-likely-than-not that it will not be required to sell prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis, the Company must determine whether or not it will recover its amortized cost basis. If the Company concludes that it will not, an other-than-temporary impairment exists and that portion of the credit loss is recognized in earnings, while the portion of loss related to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income.

The securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term are classified as trading securities. Realized gains and losses, and unrealized gains and losses for trading securities are included in earnings.

Investments not classified as trading or as held-to-maturity are classified as available-for-sale securities. Available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Realized gains or losses are charged to earnings during the period in which the gain or loss is realized. An impairment loss on available-for-sale securities would be recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income when the decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary.

(ag) Asset acquisition and business combinations

Pursuant to ASC 805 (“ASC 805”), Business Combinations, the Company determines whether a transaction or other event is a business combination by applying the definition below, which requires that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constitute a business. If the assets acquired are not a business, the reporting entity shall account for the transaction or other event as an asset acquisition. A business consists of inputs and processes applied to those inputs that have the ability to create outputs. Although businesses usually have outputs, outputs are not required for an integrated set to qualify as a business. The three elements of a business are defined as follows:

a. Input. Any economic resource that creates, or has the ability to create, outputs when one or more processes are applied to it.

b. Process. Any system, standard, protocol, convention, or rule that when applied to an input or inputs, creates or has the ability to create outputs.

c. Output. The result of inputs and processes applied to those inputs that provide or have the ability to provide a return in the form of dividends, lower costs, or other economic benefits directly to investors or other owners, members, or participants.

The Company accounted for its acquisitions of Sanya Beida Shanghai Junxin and Shandong Renju on January 27, 2014, February 24, 2014 and March 1, 2015 as asset acquisitions, respectively, since the acquired entities had no processes in place to apply to inputs to have the ability to create outputs.

(ah) Effect of change in estimate

Revisions in estimated gross profit margins related to percentage of completion revenues are made in the period in which circumstances requiring the revisions become known. During the year ended December 31, 2015 real estate development projects (Jinan Xinyuan Splendid, Zhengzhou Royal Palace, Xuzhou Colorful Garden, Zhengzhou Century East B, Zhengzhou Xin City, Suzhou Lake Royal Palace, Kunshan Royal Palace, Henan Thriving Family, Xingyang Splendid Phase I, Beijing Xindo Park, Zhengzhou Yipin Xiangshan Phase II, Changsha Xinyuan Splendid), which recognized gross profits in 2014, had changes in their estimated gross profit margins. As of December 31, 2015, each of these projects has a percentage of completion at 40.6% or more. As the unit sales and selling prices were on an upward trend during the year ended December 31, 2015, the Group revised upwards its prior estimates related to selling prices and total estimated sales values in conjunction with the change in total estimated costs, which led to a decrease of the percentage sold and thus a decrease in the recognized costs. As a result of the changes in estimate above, gross profit, net income and basic and diluted earnings per share increased by US$52.1 million (2013: US$54.3 million, 2014: US$10.8 million), US$39.1 million (2013: US$40.7 million, 2014: US$8.1 million), US$0.27 per share (2013: US$0.28 per share, 2014: US$0.05 per share), US$0.27 per share (2013: US$0.27 per share, 2014: US$0.05 per share), respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2015.

(ai) Share-based compensation

The Group has adopted ASC 718 “Compensation-Stock Compensation”, which requires that share-based payment transactions with employees, such as restricted shares or stock options, be measured based on the grant-date fair value of the equity instrument issued and the Company has elected to recognize compensation expense using the straight-line method for all restricted shares and stock options granted with service conditions that have a graded vesting schedule. The Company has a policy of using authorized shares in the existing pool to satisfy any future exercise of share options and shares repurchased held by a third party trustee to satisfy the RSUs granted under the Company's 2014 Restricted Stock Unit plan (“2014 RSU plan”).

For options granted with performance conditions, share-based compensation expense is recognized based on the probable outcome of the performance condition. A performance condition is not taken into consideration in determining fair value of the non-vested shares granted.

(aj) Segment Reporting

In accordance with ASC 280 “Segment Reporting” (“ASC 280”), segment reporting is determined based on how the Group's chief operating decision maker reviews operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the Group. According to the management approach, the Group operates in geographical segments. Therefore, each of its individual property developments is a discrete operating segment. The Group has aggregated its segments on a provincial basis as property development projects undertaken within a province have similar expected economic characteristics, type of properties offering, customers and market and regulatory environment (see Note 21).

(ak) Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the amounts assigned to the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed of an acquired business. In accordance with ASC 350, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”, recorded goodwill amounts are not amortized. The Group adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2011-08, “Testing Goodwill for Impairment”, to test goodwill for impairment. This ASU permits the Group to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is “more-likely-than-not” that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. If the Group determines, on the basis of qualitative factors, that the fair value of a reporting unit is more likely than not less than the carrying amount, a two-step impairment test is required. The Group also has an unconditional option to bypass the qualitative assessment in any period and proceed directly to performing the two-step impairment test.

The performance of the impairment test in accordance to ASC 350 involves a two-step process. The first step of the impairment test involves comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. Fair value is primarily determined by computing the future discounted cash flows expected to be generated by the reporting unit. If the reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, goodwill may be impaired. If this occurs, the Company performs the second step of the goodwill impairment test to determine the amount of impairment loss.

The fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to its assets and liabilities in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation in order to determine the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill. If the implied goodwill fair value is less than its carrying value, the difference is recognized an impairment loss.

In accordance with ASC 350, the Group assigned and assessed goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below the operating segment.

Management evaluated the recoverability of goodwill by performing a qualitative assessment before using a two-step impairment test approach at the reporting unit level. Based on an assessment of the qualitative factors, management determined that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the reporting unit is in excess of its carrying amount. Therefore, management concluded that it was not necessary to proceed to the two-step goodwill impairment test. No impairment loss was recorded for any of the years presented.

(al) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2014, Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-12, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718); Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period (“ASU 2014-12”). The amendments in this ASU apply to all reporting entities that grant their employees share-based payments in which the terms of the award provide that a performance target that affects vesting could be achieved after the requisite service period. The amendments require that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period be treated as a performance condition. A reporting entity should apply existing guidance in Topic 718 as it relates to awards with performance conditions that affect vesting to account for such awards. For all entities, the amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Earlier adoption is permitted. Entities may apply the amendments in this ASU either (a) prospectively to all awards granted or modified after the effective date or (b) retrospectively to all awards with performance targets that are outstanding as of the beginning of the earliest annual period presented in the financial statements and to all new or modified awards thereafter. If retrospective transition is adopted, the cumulative effect of applying this ASU as of the beginning of the earliest annual period presented in the financial statements should be recognized as an adjustment to the opening retained earnings balance at that date. Additionally, if retrospective transition is adopted, an entity may use hindsight in measuring and recognizing the compensation cost. This ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15 Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”). The guidance requires an entity to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued and to provide related footnote disclosures in certain circumstances. The guidance is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on the Group's consolidated financial statements.

In March 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, Interest — Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) — Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs (“ASU 2015-03”). The guidance is to simplify the presentation of debt issuance costs by requiring debt issuance costs to be presented as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability and will make the presentation of debt issuance costs consistent with the presentation of debt discounts or premiums. The guidance is effective for public business entities for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Group is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2015-03 on the consolidated financial statements.

In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers-Deferral of the effective date (“ASU 2015-14”). The amendments in ASU 2015-14 defer the effective date of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers issued in May 2014. According to the amendments in ASU 2015-14, the new revenue guidance ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Earlier application is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The Group is currently evaluating the method of adoption to be utilized and it cannot currently estimate the financial statement impact of adoption.

In November 2015, FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Income Taxes-Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes (“ASU 2015-17”). The amendments in this update simplify the presentation of deferred income taxes. ASU 2015-17 requires that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. The amendments in ASU 2015-17 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 including interim periods within those fiscal years. Earlier application is permitted for all entities as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. The adoption of the guidance is not expected to have significant impact on the Group's consolidated financial statements.

Short-term investments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Short-term investments [Abstract]

Short-term investments

3. Short-term investments

The short-term investments represent investments in real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) publicly traded on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, money market instruments and equity securities publicly traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange, which are expected to be realized in cash during the next 12 months. The Company accounts for the short-term investments in accordance with ASC subtopic 320-10 (“ASC 320-10”), Investments-Debt and Equity Securities: Overall. The Company classified the REITs, investment in equity securities and money market instruments as trading securities which are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term. The Company uses quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (consistent with the Level 1 definition in the fair value hierarchy) to measure the fair value of its investments on a recurring basis pursuant to ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement.

The realized gains, and unrealized losses presented in the accompanying statements of comprehensive income are related to trading securities held as of December 31, 2015.

The following summarizes the short-term investments measured at fair value at December 31, 2014 and 2015:

	December 31, 2014
			US$
	Aggregate fair value		Cost		Unrealized gain in profit and loss
Trading securities:
Equity securities		5,189,456		5,069,310		120,146
Money market instrument		819,021		817,134		1,887

Total		6,008,477		5,886,444		122,033

	December 31, 2015
			US$
	Aggregate fair value		Cost		Unrealized gain In profit and loss
Trading securities:
REITs		1,167,647		1,124,293		43,354
Money market instrument		76,999		70,910		6,089

Total		1,244,646		1,195,203		49,443

During the year ended December 31, 2015, US$456,149 net realized gain and US$49,443 unrealized gain for trading securities are included in earnings. During the year ended December 31, 2014, US$3,128,014 net realized gain and US$122,033 unrealized gain for trading securities are included in earnings.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for investments in certain debt and equity securities.

+ References + Details

Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale [Abstract]

Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale

4. Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale

The following summarizes the components of real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale at December 31, 2014 and 2015:

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Development completed:
Zhengzhou Royal Palace		2,267,171			-
Zhengzhou Century East A		7,907,556			4,775,131
Suzhou International City Garden		754,914			2,018,240
Hefei Wangjiang Garden		286,128			-
Jinan International City Garden		778,376			-
Suzhou Xin City		-			16,736,651
Kunshan International City Garden		314,854			546,537
Real estate properties development completed		12,308,999			24,076,559

Under development:
Current:
Jinan Xinyuan Splendid		95,433,442			40,847,827
Xuzhou Colorful City		57,957,843			54,157,809
Zhengzhou Xin City		122,025,858			46,165,101
Suzhou Xin City		73,916,667			-
Beijing Xindo Park		258,585,693			176,553,742
Kunshan Royal Palace		267,625,395			215,917,469
Suzhou Lake Royal Palace		233,846,400			267,569,547
Xingyang Splendid Phase I		44,991,390			32,010,140
Xingyang Splendid Phase II		35,341,974			43,311,674
Xingyang Splendid Phase III		22,910,650			23,896,026
Xingyang Splendid Phase IV		6,441,922			6,762,190
Zhengzhou Xindo Park (residential)		66,471,564			29,098,191
Zhengz hou Xindo Park (commercial)		41,827,678			73,294,372
Jinan Royal Palace		262,820,980			261,268,961
Sanya Yazhou Bay No.1		85,135,798			109,896,103
Shanghai Yipin Royal Palace		192,275,658			215,117,468
Changsha Xinyuan Splendid		151,442,473			194,444,916
Chengdu Thriving Family		222,716,181			258,173,028
Jinan Xin Central		-			163,174,394
Zhengzhou Fancy City		-			71,896,698
Tianjin Spring Royal Palace		-			65,583,961
Zhengzhou Xindo Park		-			39,117,259
Henan Xin Central I		-			127,696,203
XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd (“Malaysia project”) (Note 9)		9,642,365			8,165,745
New York Oosten		119,947,878			226,208,448
		2,371,357,809			2,750,327,272
Profit recognized		264,182,323			347,083,874
Less: progress billings (see Note 14)		(920,965,080	)		(1,210,089,345	)

Total real estate properties under development		1,714,575,052			1,887,321,801

Northern Nevada Land Portfolio		588,000			-
Lennox Project		597,217			-
Real estate properties held for sale		1,185,217			-

Total real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale		1,728,069,268			1,911,398,360

As of December 31, 2015, land use rights included in the real estate properties under development totaled US$1,130,109,973 (December 31, 2014: US$1,274,725,570).

As of December 31, 2015, land use rights with an aggregate net book value of US$1,018,987,851 was pledged as collateral for certain bank loans and other debts (December 31, 2014: US$923,762,759).

Real estate properties held for lease, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Real estate properties held for lease, net [Abstract]

Real estate properties held for lease, net

5. Real estate properties held for lease, net

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Elementary schools		3,485,673			3,284,593
Basement parking		1,979,104			10,181,887
Kindergartens		8,040,216			7,576,396
Parking facilities		19,238,109			18,128,308
Clubhouses		6,811,668			6,418,720
Shopping mall		40,322,338			38,499,378

Total costs		79,877,108			84,089,282

Accumulated depreciation		(10,653,360	)		(12,956,700	)

Real estate properties held for lease, net		69,223,748			71,132,582

Depreciation expense for real estate properties held for lease for the year ended December 31, 2015 amounted to US$2,303,340 (2013: US$1,580,540; 2014: US$2,032,019).

As of December 31, 2015, US$36,550,198 real estate properties held for lease were pledged as collateral for other debts (2014: US$38,280,864).

As of December 31, 2015, minimum future rental income on non-cancellable leases (none of which contain any contingent rental clauses), in the aggregate and for each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter, is as follows:

Year	Amount
	US$
2016		9,950,598
2017		9,947,668
2018		9,969,725
2019		10,048,191
2020 and thereafter		150,781,495

Total		190,697,677

Property and equipment, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Property and equipment, net [Abstract]

Property and equipment, net

6. Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment consisted of the following:

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Corporate aircraft (Note 13)		43,184,212			40,693,020
Vehicles		4,919,955			4,636,135
Furniture and fixtures		6,914,706			7,044,387

Total		55,018,873			52,373,542

Accumulated depreciation		(8,543,148	)		(13,050,220	)

Property and equipment, net		46,475,725			39,323,322

Depreciation expense for property and equipment for the year ended December 31, 2015 amounted to US$4,947,575 (2013: US$1,400,639; 2014: US$4,543,419) which includes amortization expense related to the corporate aircraft capital lease (Note 13) amounting to US$2,713,085 (2013: 710,895; 2014: US$2,868,205).

Accumulated depreciation expense for property and equipment as of December 31, 2015 amounted to US$13,050,220 (2013: US$4,427,924; 2014: US$8,543,148) which includes accumulated amortization expense related to the corporate aircraft capital lease (Note 13) amounting to US$6,104,441 (2013:710,895; 2014: US$3,585,257).

Other long-term investment

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Other long-term investment [Abstract]

Other long-term investment

7. Other long-term investment

As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, the other long-term investment accounted for at cost consisted of the following:

Cost method investee	Initial Cost		Ownership			December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015
	US$					US$		US$
Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real estate development Co., Ltd.		30,865,904		80	%		-		30,865,904
Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd.		241,648		1.85	%		241,648		241,648

On May 6, 2015, the Company acquired 80% equity interest of Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. (“Ruihao Rongtong”) at a consideration of US$30,865,904. In accordance with ASC 325-20, Cost Method Investments, cost method accounting was applied as the investment did not qualify as in-substance common stock and did not have readily determinable fair value.

For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group recognized no investment profit or loss. As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, management noted no indicators of impairment related to these investments.

Investment in joint venture	12 Months Ended
Investment in joint venture	Dec. 31, 2015
Investment in joint ventures [Abstract]
Investment in joint ventures	8. Investment in joint ventures On October 21, 2013, the Group acquired a 51% equity interest in Shaanxi Zhongmao. The Group and the other remaining shareholder exercises joint control over Shaanxi Zhongmao. The purpose of the joint venture is to undertake residential property development projects in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. As at December 31, 2015, the joint venture had a project, Xi'an Metropolitan. Pursuant to the Shaanxi Zhongmao joint venture agreement, the Group will acquire the remaining 49% equity interest of Shaanxi Zhongmao if the joint venture is successful in securing land use rights. As of December 31, 2015, the joint venture has not been successful in securing the agreed upon land use rights. On March 19, 2014, the Group together with four other independent shareholders established a joint venture Huayi Xincheng (Beijing) Intelligent City Construction Co., Ltd. (“Huayi Xincheng”), in which the Group holds a 40% equity interest. The purpose of the joint venture is to undertake residential property development projects in Beijing. As at December 31, 2015, the joint venture has no active residential projects. On May 27, 2015, the Group together with an unrelated company, Nanjing Starry Sky Studios Management Co., Ltd. established a joint venture Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Starry Sky Cinema”), in which the Group holds a 51% equity interest. The purpose of the joint venture is to operate movie theatres. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the investees recognized income of US$4,381,637 (2014: loss US$3,317,444). The Group's share of the income of the equity investees was US$2,234,635(2014: loss US$1,691,897). As of December 31, 2015, the Group's investment in the investees in the aggregate exceeded its proportionate share of the net assets of the equity method investee by US$3,982,603(2014: US$4,226,414). This difference represents equity method goodwill and therefore, is not amortized.

Acquisition of subsidiaries

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Acquisition of subsidiaries [Abstract]

Acquisition of subsidiaries

9. Acquisition of subsidiaries

Acquisition of XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd

On December 29, 2014, Xinyuan International (Hong Kong) Property Investment Inc. (“XYHK”) signed an agreement to acquire a 100% equity interest in XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd (formerly named EMG Group Properties Sdn Bhd) (“EMG”) for purpose of acquiring a land reclamation development located in Pekan Klebang, Section II, District of Melaka Tengah, Malaysia.

XYHK paid a purchase price of approximately US$10 million in cash to complete the acquisition on December 29, 2014 (“acquisition date”). The goodwill recognized at acquisition date amounting to US$278,300, which is not tax deductible, is primarily attributable to synergies expected to be achieved from the acquisition through expansion into an overseas market. The accounting for this acquisition was incomplete in 2014 because the transaction occurred only shortly before the end of the fiscal year and therefore, the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements are regarded provisional as of December 31, 2014.

On the acquisition date, EMG signed an agreement (“Service Agreement”) with one of the selling shareholders, Mr. Alex Teh Chee Teong (“Mr.Teh”), appointing Mr. Teh as a Project Manager to assist XYHK in supervising and completing the land reclamation development within twenty four months from the commencement date. Under the same Service Agreement, EMG granted Mr. Teh an option to purchase 25% of EMG's equity interest (“Share Option”) in exchange for post-acquisition services subject to the fulfillment of certain performance conditions. The Company with the assistance of an independent valuer determined that the fair value of the Share Option at the acquisition date is US$3,167,000. However, no compensation expense was recorded as of December 31, 2014 and 2015 since such performance conditions were not met.

Since the acquisition date, neither the results of operations nor pro forma results of operations of EMG were presented because the effects of EMG were not material to the Group's consolidated financial statements.

An analysis of the cash flows in respect of the acquisition of EMG is as follows:

	US$

Cash consideration		(10,000,000	)
Cash and cash equivalents acquired		2,200
Net outflow of cash and cash equivalents		(9,997,800	)

The purchase price allocation for the acquisition is primarily based on a valuation determined by the Group with the assistance of an independent third party valuation firm. The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition on December 29, 2014.

	US$

Total purchase price		10,000,000

Net identifiable assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents		2,200
Land reclamation development		9, 740,000
Goodwill		278,300
Current liabilities		(20,500	)
Net assets acquired		10,000,000

- Definition

The entire disclosure for a business combination (or series of individually immaterial business combinations) completed during the period, including background, timing, and recognized assets and liabilities. The disclosure may include leverage buyout transactions (as applicable).

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 5
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56956515&loc=d3e1497-128463

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56956515&loc=d3e1490-128463

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56956515&loc=d3e1392-128463

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 30
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35744584&loc=d3e7008-128479

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56956515&loc=d3e1486-128463

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 30
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35744584&loc=d3e6927-128479

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56956791&loc=d3e4845-128472

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56956515&loc=d3e1500-128463

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56956515&loc=d3e1524-128463

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 30
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35744584&loc=d3e7000-128479

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56956791&loc=d3e4922-128472

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56956791&loc=d3e4934-128472

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56956791&loc=d3e4926-128472

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56956515&loc=d3e1383-128463

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 30
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35744584&loc=d3e6996-128479

+ Details

Short-term bank loans and other debt

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Short-term bank loans and other debt [Abstract]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

10. Short-term bank loans and other debt

Short-term bank loans represent amounts due to various banks and are due on the dates indicated below. Short-term bank loans at December 31, 2014 and 2015 consisted of the following:

	December 31,		December 31,
	2014		2015
	US$		US$

Loan from China Fortune International Trust Co., Ltd.
Due February 25, 2015, at 11% per annum		40,856,349		-
		40,856,349		-

Loan from ICBC Credit Suisse Investment Management Co., Ltd.
Due April 3, 2015, at 11% per annum		24,513,809		-
		24,513,809		-

Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd
Due June 24, 2015, at 12.5% per annum		32,685,079		-
		32,685,079		-

Loan from Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd.
Due August 12, 2015, at 12% per annum*		65,370,159		-
		65,370,159		-

Loan from The Bank of East Asia
Due February 24, 2015, at 2.80% plus 3 month LIBOR**		14,971,245		-
Due February 25, 2015, at 2.60% plus 3 month LIBOR**		20,353,100		-
Due June 2, 2016, at 2.00% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		9,675,655
Due August 16, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		20,000,000
Due August 31, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		9,700,000
Due September 20, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		2,220,000
Due October 27, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		13,250,000
Due November 18, 2016, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		14,958,974
Due November 23, 2016, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		34,421,617
		35,324,345		104,226,246

Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch
Due May 17, 2015, at 2% plus 6 month LIBOR***		65,000,000		-
Due July 21, 2016, at 1.2% per annum***		-		30,000,000
Due September 26, 2016, at 1.55% per annum***		-		13,000,000
Due October 11, 2016, at 1.55% per annum***		-		20,000,000
		65,000,000		63,000,000

Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited ("ICBC (Asia)")
Due February 17, 2015, at 2.1% plus 3 month LIBOR****		20,000,000		-
Due March 2, 2015, at 2% plus 3 month LIBOR****		9,700,000		-
Due May 18, 2016, at 2% plus 3 month LIBOR****		-		10,000,000
Due October 5, 2016, at 1.6% plus 3 month LIBOR****		-		20,000,000
		29,700,000		30,000,000
Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Thai) Public Company Limited ("ICBC (Thai)")
Due September 21, 2016, at 1.7% plus 3 month LIBOR*****		-		25,000,000
		-		25,000,000

Total short-term bank loans and other debt		293,449,741		222,226,246

Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on November 12, 2014, which was designated as the lender by Lianxin, the non-controlling shareholder of Changsha Wanzhuo, this other short-term debt is secured by the Group's 75% equity interest in Changsha Wanzhuo and the Group's land use rights. This other short-term debt was paid in full in May, 2015.

Pursuant to the loan contract with The Bank of East Asia, these seven loans from The Bank of East Asia, amounting to US$9.7 million, US$20.0 million, US$9.7 million, US$2.2 million, US$13.3 million , US$15.0 million and US$34.4 million respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposits of US$9,778,859 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$20,943,698 (December 31, 2014: nil) , US$10,166,934 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$2,386,966 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$13,752,002 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$15,553,766 (December 31, 2014: nil) and US$35,878,403 (December 31, 2014: nil)respectively. Such deposits are classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.

***

Pursuant to the loan contract with Bank of China Tokyo Branch , these three loans from Bank of China Tokyo Branch amounting to US$30.0 million, US$13.0 million and US$20.0 million in 2015 respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposit of US$30,645,559 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$13,705,803 (December 31, 2014: nil) and US$21,097,696 (December 31, 2014: nil) respectively. Such deposits are classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.

****

Pursuant to the loan contract with ICBC (Asia), these two loans from ICBC (Asia), amounting to US$10.0million and US$20.0million in 2015, respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposits of US$10,799,845 (December 31, 2014: nil) and US$21,251,694 (December 31, 2014: nil). respectively. Such deposits are classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.

*****

Pursuant to the loan contract with ICBC (Thai), this loan from ICBC (Thai), amounting to US$25.0 million in 2015, is denominated in US$ and is secured by the deposits of US$26,410,620. This deposit is classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.

As of December 31, 2015, except when otherwise indicated the Group's short-term bank loans were denominated in USD and were mainly secured by the deposits. This deposit is classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets.

The weighted average interest rate on short-term bank loans and other debt as of December 31, 2015 was 1.71% (December 31, 2014: 7.62%).

Long-term bank loans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Long-term bank loans [Abstract]

Long-term bank loans

11. Long-term bank loans

Long-term bank loans as of December 31, 2014 and 2015 consisted of the following:

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Loan from ICBC
Due July 20, 2016 at 5.25% per annum*		14,708,286			10,779,845
		14,708,286			10,779,845
Loan from Agricultural Bank of China
Due May 30, 2015, at 6.77% per annum**		3,268,508			-
Due June 30, 2015, at 6.77% per annum**		8,171,270			-
Due April 18, 2015, at 6.46% per annum**		8,171,270			-
Due November 18, 2015, at 6.46% per annum**		1,634,254			-
Due March 18, 2016, at 6.46% per annum**		8,171,270			-
Due May 18, 2016, at 5.78% per annum*		6,537,016			6,159,911
		35,953,588			6,159,911
Loan from China Guangfa Bank
Due June 20, 2015, at 7.07% per annum**		1,323,746			-
Due May 29, 2016, at 8.00% per annum*		11,439,778			3,233,953
Due December 23, 2017, at 8.4% per annum*		16,342,539			6,159,911
Due February 17, 2018, at 8.4% per annum*		-			30,799,556
		29,106,063			40,193,420
Loan from Bank of China
Due December 30, 2015, at 8.45% per annum**		32,685,079			-
Due January 8, 2016, at 8.45% per annum**		24,513,809			-
		57,198,888			-
Loan from China Construction Bank
Due January 23, 2017, at 5.70% per annum*		113,642,752			76,998,891
		113,642,752			76,998,891
Loan from Bank of Shanghai
Due April 30, 2017, at 9.10% per annum*		86,615,460			35,419,490
		86,615,460			35,419,490
Loan from The Bank of East Asia
Due April 27, 2018, at 6.18% per annum*		-			47,428,237
		-			47,428,237
Loan from Ping An Bank
Due March 20, 2018, at 9.25% per annum*		-			43,119,380
		-			43,119,380
Total		337,225,037			260,099,174

Less: current portion of long-term bank loans		(284,928,910	)		(246,239,374	)

Total long-term bank loans		52,296,127			13,859,800

As of December 31, 2015, the contractual maturities of these loans are as follows:

Year	Amount
	US$
2016		20,173,709
2017		118,578,292
2018		121,347,173
Less: current portion of long-term bank loans		246,239,374
Total: long-term bank loans		13,859,800

Pursuant to the loan contracts, if the Group achieves an agreed upon sales target from the sales of the underlying real estate properties under development, the Group has an obligation to repay the loan before the maturity date. Therefore, the respective current portions of these loans have been classified as current liabilities as of December 31, 2015.

These loans were paid in full during 2015.

As of December 31, 2015, except when otherwise indicated, the Group's long term bank loans were all denominated in RMB and were mainly secured by the Group's real estate properties under development with net book value of US$93,755,346 (December 31, 2014: US$35,766,700), land use rights with net book value of US$424,058,251 (December 31, 2014: US$507,962,175) and restricted cash with net book value of nil (December 31, 2014: US$24,513,809).

The interest rates of these bank loans are adjustable based on the range of 111% to 195% of the PBOC prime rate. The weighted average interest rate on long-term bank loans as of December 31, 2015 was 7.23% (December 31, 2014: 7.43%).

Other long-term debt

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Other long-term debt [Abstract]

Other long-term debt

12. Other long-term debt

As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, other long-term debt consisted of the following:

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due on May 3, 2018 at 13.25%		200,000,000			190,519,754
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due on June 6, 2019 at 13%		200,000,000			200,000,000
Corporate bonds due in December 28, 2020 at 7.5%		-			152,962,917
Shandong Xinyuan collateralized debt due on November 28, 2015 at 12.3%*		33,885,787			-
Henan Wanzhuo collateralized debt due on November 28, 2015 at 12.41%*		34,688,992			-
Collateralized loan due on April 3, 2016 at 11%		40,807,321			38,453,246
Collateralized loan due on December 23, 2017 at 11%		81,312,306			61,221,818
Collateralized loan due on July 9, 2017 at 9%		65,370,159			54,484,415
Collateralized loan due on December 31, 2016 at 12.5%		1,650,597			69,129,605
Collateralized loan due on June 30, 2017 at 12.5%		-			3,079,956
Collateralized loan due on March 31, 2017 at 11%		-			38,499,446
Collateralized loan due on November 20, 2016 at 12.5%		-			46,199,335
Collateralized loan due on June 30, 2017 at 11.8%		-			17,709,745
Collateralized loan due on July 15, 2017 at 11.8%		-			14,583,590
Collateralized loan due on June 25, 2017 at 12%*******		-			69,299,002
Collateralized loan due on September 17, 2017 at 9%		-			10,779,844

Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on June 25, 2016 at 11.5%**		81,312,306			-
Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on June 30, 2016 at 11.24%***		111,946,394			28,489,590
Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on March 13, 2017 at 10.98%****		-			81,002,834
Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on May 13, 2017 at 11%*****		-			35,881,483
Fortress Credit Co. LLC loan due on June 9, 2017 at 7.25% plus LIBOR******		25,668,594			96,306,200
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on January 23, 2020 at 5.95% ********		-			10,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on April 30, 2020 at 5.95% ********		-			5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on June 25, 2020 at 5.95% ********		-			5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 4, 2020 at 5.95% ********		-			5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 20, 2020 at 5.95%********		-			5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on October 1, 2020 at 5.95% ********		-			10,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on November 23, 2020 at 5.95% ********		-			10,000,000
Others		750,988			-

Total principal of other long-term debt		877,393,444			1,258,602,780
Accrued interest		723,382			-

Total		878,116,826			1,258,602,780
Less: current portion of other long-term debt		(301,912,335	)		(348,594,822	)

Total other long-term debt		576,204,491			910,007,958

The May 2018 Senior Secured Notes and the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes are senior secured pari passu obligations of the Company.

As of December 31, 2015, the contractual maturities of these debts are as follows:

Year	Amount
	US$
2016		182,271,775
2017		482,848,334
2018		190,519,754
2019		200,000,000
2020 and thereafter		202,962,917
Less: current portion of other long term debt		348,594,822
Total: Other long-term debt		910,007,958

Pursuant to the agreements with Cinda Asset Management Corporation, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 100% equity interest of Henan Xinyuan. Per the agreements, from February 28, 2014 to November 28, 2015, Shandong Xinyuan and Henan Wanzhuo, respectively, are required to make quarterly payments to repay the outstanding principal amount and related interest expense. This other long-term debt was paid in full in November 2015.

Pursuant to the agreements with CITIC Trust Co., Ltd. entered into on May 27, 2014, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Shanghai Junxin, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 51% equity interest in Shanghai Junxin and the Group's land use rights. This other long-term debt was paid in full in January 2015.

***

Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on June 24, 2014, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Jinan Wanzhuo, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 95% equity interest in Jinan Wanzhuo and the Group's land use rights with net book value of US$111,663,215 (December 31, 2014: US$139,355,006).

****

Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on March 10, 2015, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Zhengzhou Shengdao, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 80% equity interest in Zhengzhou Shengdao and the Group's land use rights with net book value of US$136,098,821 (December 31, 2014: nil)

*****

Pursuant to the agreements with Wanxiang Trustee Co., Ltd. entered into on May 9, 2015, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Henan Quansheng, this other debt is secured by the Group's 90% equity interest in Henan Quansheng and the Group's land use rights with net book value of US$41,295,897 (December 31, 2014: nil) and Group's real estate properties under development with net book value of US$7,345,027 (December 31, 2014: nil). In addition, Wanxiang Trustee Co., Ltd. has the right to request early repayment at any time and the trust loan has been reclassified to current liabilities as of December 31, 2015.

******

Pursuant to the agreements with Fortress Credit Co. LLC entered into on June 9, 2014, this other long-term debt amounting to US$165 million in total with US$96.3 million utilized, is denominated in US$ and is secured by the deposit of US$29,918,940 (December 31, 2014: US$29,973,017). This deposit is classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.

*******	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping An Trust Co., Ltd., this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 100% equity interest of Shandong Renju.

********	Pursuant to the agreements with Kent EB-5 LLC entered into on September 23, 2014, this other long-term debt amounting to US$50 million in total, is denominated in US$ with mature dates vary from January 23, 2020 to November 23, 2020.

As of December 31, 2015, except when otherwise indicated, the Group's other long-term debt were all denominated in RMB and were mainly secured by the Group's real estate properties under development with net book value of US$128,389,745 (December 31, 2014: US$54,625,305), land use rights with net book value of US$731,783,438 (December 31, 2014: US$324,684,850) and real estate properties held for lease with net book value of US$36,550,198 (December 31, 2014: US$38,280,864).

May 2018 Senior Secured Notes

On May 3, 2013, the Company issued the senior notes with an aggregate principal amount of US$200,000,000 due on May 3, 2018 at a coupon rate of 13.25% per annum payable semi-annually. Interest is payable on May 3 and November 3 of each year, commencing November 3, 2013.

The issuance costs of US$4,951,785 were capitalized as deferred charges in the consolidated balance sheets and are amortized as interest expense using the effective interest method through the maturity date of the notes. The effective interest rate of May 2018 Senior Secured Notes is 14.44%.

The May 2018 Senior Secured Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated May 3, 2013, between, the Company, the “Subsidiary Guarantors” identified below and Citicorp International Limited, as trustee and collateral agent (the “May 2018 Indenture”). The Company's obligations under the May 2018 Indenture and the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes have been guaranteed by certain of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Ltd., South Glory International Ltd., Elite Quest Holdings Ltd. and Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”) and will be guaranteed by such other future subsidiaries of the Company as is set forth in and in accordance with the terms of the May 2018 Indenture. The Company's obligations under the May 2018 Indenture and the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes are secured by a pledge of the capital stock of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. and Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., and the obligations of Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. as a Subsidiary Guarantor are secured by a pledge of the capital stock of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Victory Good Development Ltd., South Glory International Ltd. and Elite Quest Holdings Ltd.

The Company may redeem the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes, in whole or in part, at 106.6250% and 103.3125% of principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but excluding) the redemption date during the 12 month period commencing on May 3, 2016 and May 3, 2017, respectively.

At any time prior to May 3, 2016, the Company may at its option redeem the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the redemption price of such Note on May 3, 2016, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such Note through May 3, 2016 (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the May 2018 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such Note on such redemption date.

At any time prior to May 3, 2016, the Company may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of the Company's common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of 113.25% the principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes issued on May 3, 2013 remain outstanding after each such redemption.

The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes under the requirements of ASC815 “Derivatives and Hedging “. The embedded redemption options and repurchase features did not qualify for derivative accounting because the embedded derivatives were considered clearly and closely related to the characteristics of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes.

The May 2018 Indenture, as amended, contains certain covenants that, among others, restrict the Company's ability and the ability of the Company's Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the May 2018 Indenture) to incur additional debt or to issue preferred stock, to make certain payments or investments, to pay dividends or purchase or redeem capital stock, to sell assets (including limitations on the use of proceeds of asset sales), to grant liens on the collateral securing the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes or other assets, to make certain other payments and to engage in transactions with affiliates and holder of more than 10% of the Company's Common Shares, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions and satisfaction, in certain circumstances of specified conditions, such as a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the May 2018 Indenture) of 2.75 to 1.0 (reduced from 3.0 to 1.0 effective February 2016).

In February 2015, through a consent solicitation to the holders of the May 2018 Secured Notes, the Company amended the May 2018 Indentures (collectively, known as the “Indentures”) to provide it with additional flexibility in pursuing new business opportunities and new sources of capital. The amendments to the Indentures include: (i) to incur additional Indebtedness (as defined in the Indentures) in furtherance of the Company's business plans; (ii) make certain Restricted Payments (as defined in the Indentures) and Permitted Investments (as defined in the Indentures); and (iii) make certain deemed Investments (as defined in the Indentures) without having to satisfy the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Indentures) requirement. The amendments also amend (i) the “Limitation on Issuances of Guarantees by Restricted Subsidiaries” covenant in the Indentures to the extent that the Company believes necessary as a result of the amendments to other covenants and (ii) the “Limitation on Asset Sales” covenant in the Indentures to remove the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio requirement for Asset Dispositions (as defined in the Indentures). The amendments also amended certain related definitions in the Indentures. The amendments did not result in debt extinguishment accounting.

June 2019 Senior Secured Notes

On December 6, 2013, the Company issued the senior notes with an aggregate principal amount of US$200,000,000 due June 6, 2019 at a coupon rate of 13% per annum payable semi-annually. Interest is payable on June 6 and December 6 of each year, commencing June 6, 2014.

The issuance costs of US$4,431,292 were capitalized as deferred charges in the consolidated balance sheets and are amortized as interest expense using the effective interest method through the maturity date of the notes. The effective interest rate of June 2019 Senior Secured Notes is 14.05%.

The June 2019 Senior Secured Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated December 6, 2013, between, the Company, the “Subsidiary Guarantors” identified below and Citicorp International Limited, as trustee and collateral agent (the “June 2019 Indenture”). The Company's obligations under the June 2019 Indenture and the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes have been guaranteed by certain of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Ltd., South Glory International Ltd., Elite Quest Holdings Ltd. and Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”) and will be guaranteed by such other future subsidiaries of the Company as is set forth in and in accordance with the terms of the June 2019 Indenture. The Company's obligations under the June 2019 Indenture and the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes are secured by a pledge of the capital stock of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. and Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., and the obligations of Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. as a Subsidiary Guarantor are secured by a pledge of the capital stock of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Victory Good Development Ltd., South Glory International Ltd. and Elite Quest Holdings Ltd.

The Company may redeem the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes, in whole or in part, at 106.5% and 103.25% of principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but excluding) the redemption date during the 12 month period commencing on June 6, 2017 and June 6, 2018, respectively.

At any time prior to June 6, 2017, the Company may at its option redeem the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the redemption price of such Note on June 6, 2017, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such Note through June 6, 2017 (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the June 2019 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such Note on such redemption date.

At any time prior to June 6, 2017, the Company may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of the Company's common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of 113% the principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes issued on December 6, 2013 remain outstanding after each such redemption.

The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes under the requirements of ASC 815. The embedded redemption options and repurchase features did not qualify for derivative accounting because the embedded derivatives were considered clearly and closely related to the characteristics of the June 2019 Secured Senior Notes.

The June 2019 Indenture, as amended, contains certain covenants that, among others, restrict the Company's ability and the ability of the Company's Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the June 2019 Indenture) to incur additional debt or to issue preferred stock, to make certain payments or investments, to pay dividends or purchase or redeem capital stock, to sell assets (including limitations on the use of proceeds of asset sales), to grant liens on the collateral securing the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes or other assets, to make certain other payments and to engage in transactions with affiliates and holder of more than 10% of the Company's Common Shares, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions and the satisfaction, in certain circumstances of specified conditions, such as a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the June 2019 Indenture) of 2.75 to 1.0 (reduced from 3.0 to 1.0 effective February 2016).

In February 2015, through a consent solicitation to the holders of the June 2019 Secured Notes, the Company amended the June 2019 Indentures (collectively, known as the “Indentures”) to provide it with additional flexibility in pursuing new business opportunities and new sources of capital. The amendments to the Indentures include: (i) to incur additional Indebtedness (as defined in the Indentures) in furtherance of the Company's business plans; (ii) make certain Restricted Payments (as defined in the Indentures) and Permitted Investments (as defined in the Indentures); and (iii) make certain deemed Investments (as defined in the Indentures) without having to satisfy the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Indentures) requirement. The amendments also amend (i) the “Limitation on Issuances of Guarantees by Restricted Subsidiaries” covenant in the Indentures to the extent that the Company believes necessary as a result of the amendments to other covenants and (ii) the “Limitation on Asset Sales” covenant in the Indentures to remove the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio requirement for Asset Dispositions (as defined in the Indentures). The amendments also amended certain related definitions in the Indentures. The amendments did not result in debt extinguishment accounting.

Convertible Note

On September 19, 2013, the Company issued and sold a senior secured Convertible Note in the aggregate principal amount of US$75,761,009 at par. Until redemption in November 2014, the Convertible Note bore interest at 5.00% per annum payable semi-annually. Interest was payable on March 19 and September 19 of each year, commencing March 19, 2014. The final maturity date of the Convertible Note was September 19, 2018.

The Convertible Note was convertible at the option of the holder at any time in integral multiples of $100,000 to 25,253,670 ordinary shares (12,626,835 ADS) at an initial conversion price of $3.00 per Common Share ($6.00 per ADS). The initial conversion price was subject to adjustments for share splits, reverse splits, share dividends and distributions, certain issuances (or deemed issuances) of Common Shares for consideration less than the conversion price then in effect, and certain Extraordinary Cash Dividends (as defined in the Convertible Note).

The Company's obligations under the Convertible Note were guaranteed by certain of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Limited, South Glory International Limited, Elite Quest Holdings Limited and Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited (each, a “CN Subsidiary Guarantor” and collectively, the “CN Subsidiary Guarantors”) and was to be guaranteed by such other future subsidiaries of the Company as was set forth in and in accordance with the terms of the Convertible Note. The Company's obligations under the Convertible Note were secured by a pledge of the capital stock of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. and Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., and the obligations of Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. as a CN Subsidiary Guarantor were secured by a pledge of the capital stock of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Victory Good Development Limited, South Glory International Limited and Elite Quest Holdings Limited. The CN Subsidiary Guarantors the same “Subsidiary Guarantors” of the Company's May 2018 Senior Secured Notes and June 2019 Senior Secured Notes (collectively, the “Senior Secured Notes”), and the shares of the subsidiaries pledged to secure the obligations of the Company and of Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. as a CN Subsidiary Guarantor have also been pledged as collateral with respect to the Company's Senior Secured Notes. In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Note, the Company entered into an Intercreditor Agreement with Citicorp International Limited, as trustee under the indenture for the Senior Secured Notes, the purchaser of the Convertible Note and Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., pursuant to which Citicorp International Limited acted as Shared Security Agent for the holders of the Senior Secured Notes and the Convertible Note.

The Convertible Note was not redeemable in whole or in part at the option of the Company. However, upon an event of default, the holders could require the Company to redeem the Convertible Note at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) 150% of the outstanding principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date and (ii) an amount equal to (A) the outstanding principal divided by two, multiplied by the conversion price then in effect, times (B) the closing price of the Common Shares, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.

Following a Change of Control or a Fundamental Transaction, the Company was required to make an offer to purchase all outstanding Convertible Note at a purchase price equal to 150% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest to the payment date. A “Change of Control” was defined in the Convertible Note to include certain mergers, consolidations or asset sales with persons who are not or are not controlled by Permitted Holders, certain share acquisitions by persons or groups other than Permitted Holders, a majority of the Company's directors ceasing to be persons who are not, or who were not approved by, the current directors, and the adoption of a plan relating to the liquidation or dissolution of the Company. “Permitted Holders” were Mr. Zhang Yong, Chairman of the Company, Ms. Yang Yuyan, his wife, and entities in which one or both of them owns 90% of the capital stock. A “Fundamental Transaction” was defined in the Convertible Note to include a consolidation or merger of the Company with or into, or a sale, lease, license or other transfer or of the Company' assets to, another person, a business combination in which another person acquires more than 50% of the Company's voting stock, and a reorganization or recapitalization of the Company or reclassification of the Common Shares.

The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the Convertible Note under the requirements of ASC815. The Company evaluated and determined that the embedded conversion option, redemption options and anti-dilution feature do not require bifurcation from the Convertible Note under the requirements of ASC 815-10 because they are clearly and closely related to the debt host instrument. Beneficial conversion features (“BCF”) exist when the conversion price of the Convertible Note is lower than the fair value of the ordinary share at the commitment date. Since the Convertible Note was convertible from inception but contain conversion terms that change upon the occurrence of a future event, the contingent beneficial conversion feature was measured at the commitment date but not recognized until the contingency is resolved. No BCF was recognized because the conversion price is greater than the fair value of the Company's ordinary shares at the commitment date.

The Convertible Note contained certain covenants that, among others, restricted the Company's ability and the ability of the Company's Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the Convertible Note) and, in certain cases, all of its subsidiaries, to incur additional debt or to issue preferred stock, to make certain payments or investments, to pay dividends or purchase of redeem capital stock, to sell assets (including limitations on the use of proceeds of asset sales), to grant liens on the collateral securing the Convertible Note or other assets, to make certain other payments or to engage in transactions with affiliates, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions and satisfaction, in certain circumstances, of specified conditions, such as a Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Convertible Note) of 3.0 to 1.0 (which was also to be maintained as of the end of each fiscal quarter of the Company while the Convertible Note is outstanding).

On November 21, 2014, pursuant to a note redemption agreement entered into with TPG Asia, the Company redeemed the Convertible Note in full for a total redemption amount of $86,272,849 consisting of the entire outstanding principal balance, interest to the redemption date and debt extinguishment loss amounting to US$9,848,931, equal to the 13% of the outstanding principal amount. In connection with the redemption, the Company agreed with TPG Asia to waivers of the covenants requiring the Company to maintain a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of not less than 3.0 to 1.0 and limiting the ability of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries to incur indebtedness, except under limited circumstances.

Onshore Corporate Bonds

On December 28, 2015, Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. issued the first tranche of the onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of RMB1 billion (US$154 million) due on December 28, 2020 (the "First Tranche Bonds") at a coupon rate of 7.5% per annum payable annually. Interest is payable on December 28 of each year, commencing December 28, 2015. Given that First Tranche Bonds is debt in its legal form and is not a derivative in its entirety, it has been classified as other long-term debt. The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the First Tranche Bonds under the requirements of ASC 815 "Derivatives and Hedging ". The First Tranche Bonds were issued at par. Upon the third anniversary of the issuance of each tranche of bonds, Xinyuan (China) Real Estate Ltd may increase the applicable coupon rate and the holders have the right within a specified time period to require the Company to repurchase the bonds following the Company's announcement of whether it intends to increase the interest rate.

Corporate aircraft capital lease

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Corporate aircraft capital lease [Abstract]

Corporate aircraft capital lease

13. Corporate aircraft capital lease

On October 23, 2012, the Group entered into an agreement with Minsheng Hongtai (Tianjin) Aircraft Leasing Co., Ltd. (“Minsheng”) to lease a corporate aircraft. The corporate aircraft was delivered on September 12, 2013, and the capital lease commenced on September 15, 2013 (the “Commencement Date”). The lease has an eight year term and expires on September 15, 2021. The Group has to make 32 quarterly lease payments of US$1,426,435 starting from the Commencement Date. In 2012, Henan Xinyuan paid a deposit in the amount of US$6.7 million to Minsheng. Upon the expiration of the lease agreement, the deposit in the amount of US$6.7 million may be used as full and final payment to Minsheng to purchase the corporate aircraft. The effective interest rate for the capital lease obligation is 10.47%.

Capital lease obligations are summarized as follows:

	December 31, 2015
	US$
Capital lease obligations, net of current maturities		18,111,007
Current maturities of capital lease obligations		3,065,612
Total capital lease obligations		21,176,619

Customer deposits

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Customer deposits [Abstract]

Customer deposits

14. Customer deposits

Customer deposits consisted of amounts received from customers for the pre-sale of residential units in the PRC.

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Advances for real estate properties under development		1,021,782,194			1,255,600,108
Add: increase in revenue recognized in excess of amounts received from customers		6,346,284			18,940,748
Less: recognized as progress billings (see Note 4)		(920,965,080	)		(1,210,089,345	)

Total net balance		107,163,398			64,451,511

Customer deposits are typically funded up to 40% - 80% by mortgage loans made by banks to the customers. Until the customer obtains legal title to the property, the banks have a right to seek reimbursement from the Group for any defaults by the customers. The Group holds certain cash balances in restricted cash accounts at the relevant banks (see Note 2 (f)). The Group, in turn, has a right to withhold transfer of title to the customer until outstanding amounts are fully settled.

Income taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Income taxes [Abstract]

Income taxes

15. Income taxes

(a) Corporate income tax (“CIT”)

Under the current law of the Cayman Islands,, the Company is not subject to income tax.

The Company's PRC subsidiaries are subject to income tax at the statutory rate of 25% in accordance to the PRC Corporate Income Tax Laws and regulations. Further, under the same tax guidance, dividends paid by PRC enterprises out of profits earned post-2007 to non-PRC tax resident investors are subject to PRC dividend withholding tax of 10%. A lower withholding tax rate may be applied based on applicable tax treaty with certain jurisdictions.

The Company's HK subsidiaries are subject to income tax at the statutory rate of 16.5% in accordance to the HK Corporate Income Tax Laws and regulations. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Company did not make any provisions for Hong Kong profit tax as there were no assessable profits derived from or earned in Hong Kong for any of the periods presented. Under the Hong Kong tax law, the Company's HK subsidiaries are exempted from income tax on its foreign-derived income and there are no withholding taxes in Hong Kong on remittance of dividends. .

The Company's US subsidiaries are subject to income tax at the statutory rate of 42% in accordance to the US Corporate Income Tax Laws and regulations.

The Company's Malaysian subsidiaries are subject to income tax at the statutory rate of 25% in accordance to the Malaysia Corporate Income Tax Laws and regulations.

There is no provision for income taxes for the Company's US and Malaysian subsidiaries because these subsidiaries were in a cumulative loss positions for all the periods presented.

Income before income tax expenses consists of:

	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
PRC		246,985,362			112,781,760			154,833,605
Non PRC		(36,969,248	)		(33,727,777	)		(35,840,702	)

Total		210,016,114			79,053,983			118,992,903

Income tax expenses for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015 are summarized as follows:

	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
Current:
CIT tax expense		68,625,597			20,791,855			48,523,618
Land Appreciation Tax (“LAT”) expense		36,727,785			(3,771,248	)		23,223,407
Deferred tax (benefit)/expense		(21,693,532	)		13,537,011			(19,235,707	)

Income tax expense		83,659,850			30,557,618			52,511,318

The Group's income tax expense differs from the tax expense computed by applying the statutory CIT rate of 25% for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, are as follows:

	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
CIT at rate of 25%		52,504,028			19,763,496			29,748,226
Tax effect of non-deductible expenses		3,490,593			6,535,308			2,028,153
Unrecognized tax benefits		5,465,293			(8,628,537	)		(6,354,200	)
LAT expense		36,727,785			(3,771,248	)		23,223,407
CIT benefit of LAT		(9,171,919	)		942,812			(5,805,852	)
Changes in valuation allowance		-			-			4,274,501
International rate difference		9,089,244			10,681,232			6,075,360
Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries		3,500,000			440,464			3,675,156
Adjustment of estimated income tax accruals		(18,059,102	)		3,953,417			(4,412,050	)
Others		113,928			640,674			58,617
Actual income tax expense		83,659,850			30,557,618			52,511,318

Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries represents accrued withholding tax related to the portion of the Group's retained earnings that were not considered permanently reinvested.

(b) Unrecognized tax benefit

The following table summarizes the activities related to the Group's unrecognized tax benefits:

	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
Balance at January 1		8,842,239			16,313,513			14,005,004
Additions for tax positions of current year		16,313,513			6,400,006			11,592,738
Movement in current year due to foreign exchange rate fluctuation		-			(79,978	)		(313,640	)
Reductions for tax positions of prior years		-			(4,125,703	)		(3,669,272)
Lapse of stature of limitations		(8,842,239	)		(4,502,834	)		(3,772,547	)

Balance at December 31		16,313,513			14,005,004			17,842,283

The movement in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of US$16,313,513 in 2013 was mainly due to Henan Xinyuan with the application of the deemed profit method by the local tax authority of Zhengzhou city related to the Zhengzhou Modern City project upon completion of the development project. The Group believes that the possibility exists for reinterpretation of the application of the tax regulations by higher tax authorities in the PRC, potentially overturning the decision made by the local tax authority to apply the deemed profit method. Because of the uncertainty surrounding whether the application of the deemed profit method for Zhengzhou Modern City project will be re-evaluated and the taxes adjusted, the difference between the taxes due based on taxable income calculated according to statutory taxable income method and the taxes due based on the deemed profit method has been recorded as an additional receivable or payable and has been included in unrecognized tax benefits. The remaining change of US$8,842,239 was recognized as a reduction of unrecognized tax benefits due to the expiration of the statute of limitations period for Henan Xinyuan.

The movement in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of US$6,400,006 in 2014 was partly due to Henan Xinyuan with the application of the deemed profit method by the local tax authority of Zhengzhou city related to the Zhengzhou Modern City project upon completion of the development project. The Group believes that the possibility exists for reinterpretation of the application of the tax regulations by higher tax authorities in the PRC, potentially overturning the decision made by the local tax authority to apply the deemed profit method. Because of the uncertainty surrounding whether the application of the deemed profit method for Zhengzhou Modern City project will be re-evaluated and the taxes adjusted, the difference between the taxes due based on taxable income calculated according to statutory taxable income method and the taxes due based on the deemed profit method has been recorded as an additional receivable or payable and has been included in unrecognized tax benefits. The remaining balance of the current year movement in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits were mainly due to deemed interest income from subsidiaries of the Company during the year. The movement in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of US$79,978 was due to the fluctuation of US$/RMB exchange rate, and therefore was recorded as other comprehensive income arising from the foreign currency translation. The remaining change of US$4,502,834 was recognized as a reduction of unrecognized tax benefits due to the expiration of the statute of limitations period, and the amount of US$4,125,703 was recognized due to the receipt of the official tax invoice in 2014.

The current year movement in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of US$11,592,738 in 2015 was due to deemed interest income from subsidiaries of the Company during the year. The movement in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of US$313,640 was due to the fluctuation of US$/RMB exchange rate, and therefore was recorded as other comprehensive income arising from the foreign currency translation. The remaining change of US$3,772,547 was recognized as a reduction of unrecognized tax benefits mainly due to the expiration of the statute of limitations period, and the amount of US$3,669,272 was recognized due to the availability for taxation deductions in 2015.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, unrecognized tax benefits of US$8,582,351 and US$1,993,721, respectively, if ultimately recognized, will impact the effective tax rate. The Group anticipates new unrecognized tax benefits, related to tax positions similar to those giving rise to its existing unrecognized tax benefits, to originate after December 31, 2015. It is possible that the amount of uncertain tax positions will change in the next twelve months, however, an estimate of the range of the possible outcomes cannot be made at this time.

The PRC income tax returns for fiscal year 2012 through fiscal year 2015 remain open to potential examination. In addition, local tax authorities may exercise broad discretion in applying the tax law, thus potentially exposing the PRC subsidiaries to audits of tax years outside the general statute of limitations.

It is the Group's continuing practice to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in interest expenses and other expenses, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, no interests and penalties have been recognized under ASC 740-10 as management believes that there will be no interest and penalties charged relating to a re-evaluation of a tax levy method.

(c) LAT

Since January 1, 1994, LAT has been applicable at progressive tax rates ranging from 30% to 60% on the appreciation of land values, with an exemption provided for the sales of ordinary residential properties if the appreciation values do not exceed certain thresholds specified in the relevant tax laws. However, prior to September 2004, the local tax authority in Zhengzhou city did not impose the regulation on real estate companies in its area of administration. Since September 2004, the local tax authority has levied the LAT at the rate of 0.8% or 1.0% against total cash receipts from sales of real estate properties, rather than according to the progressive rates. In early 2007, the national PRC tax authorities clarified the regulations to require the full payment of LAT in accordance with the progressive rates.

For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group has made provision for LAT with respect to properties sold up to December 31, 2015 in accordance with the requirements set forth in the relevant PRC tax laws and regulations.

In prior years, the Company has settled the LAT for three of its projects based on the deemed profit method, which was approved by the local tax bureau. Out of the three projects, one project was liquidated on April 6, 2012 and the statute of limitations of another project expired as of December 31, 2013. The statute of limitations of the remaining project expired on April 27, 2014. Based on the above, there is no longer a contingency related to the LAT of the three projects settled in the prior years as of December 31, 2014 and 2015.

(d) Deferred tax

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the Group's net current deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2014 and 2015 are as follows:

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Current deferred tax assets:
Tax loss carried forward		4,947,176			9,858,503
Accruals and provisions		5,554,948			6,269,775
Deemed interest income		3,276,136			14,868,874
Unrealized profit at consolidation		-			2,946,297
Allowance for deferred tax assets		-			(4,274,501)

Total current deferred tax assets		13,778,260			29,668,948

Current deferred tax liabilities:
Revenue recognized based on percentage of completion		(31,868,998	)		(38,623,934	)
Real estate properties accelerated cost deduction		(1,360,518	)		(1,282,034	)
Taxable temporary differences arising from business combinations and asset acquisitions		(71,705,371	)		(47,409,723	)
Others		(45,532	)		(45,532)

Total current deferred tax liabilities		(104,980,419	)		(87,361,223	)

Net current deferred tax liabilities		(91,202,159	)		(57,692,275	)

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the Group's net long-term deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2014 and 2015 are as follows:

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Long-term deferred tax assets:
Tax loss carried forward		2,727,890			5,553,093
Revenue recognition of real estate lease income on a straight-line basis		8,767,201			8,955,776
Others		2,146,517			979,688

Total long-term deferred tax assets		13,641,608			15,488,557

Long-term deferred tax liabilities:
Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries		(9,825,083	)		(13,500,239	)

Total long-term deferred tax liabilities		(9,825,083	)		(13,500,239	)

Net long-term deferred tax assets		3,816,525			1,988,318

Certain of the Company's PRC subsidiaries have PRC tax net operating loss carry forwards of US$39.4 million (2014: US$19.8 million) which will expire in one to five years, if unutilized. Losses incurred in the U.S. amounting to US$9.0 million (2014: US$5.9 million) will expire in 20 years.

During 2014 and 2015, the Company has considered its operational funding needs, future development initiatives and its dividend distribution plan and is permanently reinvesting all but US$98.3 million and US$332.9 million (including US$197.9 million that may be remitted on a tax-free basis that is within the parent company's control and presently available) of its PRC subsidiaries earnings as at December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively. Accordingly, the Company accrued deferred income tax liabilities of US$9.83 million and US$13.5 million for the withholding tax liability associated with the distribution of retained earnings that are not permanently reinvested as at December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively. As of December 2014 and 2015, the total amount of undistributed earnings from the Company's PRC subsidiaries that are considered to be permanently reinvested were US$ 683.7 million and US$ 509.1 million and the related unrecognized deferred tax liabilities were approximately US$68.4 million and US$50.9 million, respectively.

For each PRC subsidiary, deferred tax assets have been netted against deferred tax liabilities by current classification, as the reversal of the underlying temporary differences is expected to occur in the same future periods.

In assessing the ability to realize the deferred tax assets, the Group has considered whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Accordingly, the Group recorded valuation allowance amounting nil and US$4,274,501 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively.

Share-based compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Share-based compensation [Abstract]

Share-based compensation

16. Share-based compensation

As of December 31, 2015, the Company has four share-based compensation plans under which awards may be granted to both employees and non-employees, which are described below. Compensation cost of US$4,904,626 (2013: US$676,303, 2014: US$3,232,940) was charged against income comprising of general and administrative expenses of US$4,904,626 (2013: US$676,303, 2014: US$3,232,940) for those plans with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in capital in the year ended December 31, 2015, of which, US$4,407,999 (2013: US$427,989, 2014: US$2,736,313) was related to the options granted to employees. The compensation cost is regarded as a permanent difference for income tax purposes as the options were granted by the Company, which is registered in Cayman, a tax free jurisdiction. Hence, no tax benefit was recognized upon the recognition of compensation cost. The Company has a policy of using authorized shares in the existing pool to satisfy any future exercise of share options and shares repurchased held by a third party trustee to satisfy the RSUs granted under the 2014 RSU plan.

2007 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”)

On August 11, 2007, the Company granted share options to purchase up to 6,125,374 common shares to its directors and employees, at exercise prices ranging from US$0.0001 to US$2.50 per share. These options have a weighted average grant-date fair value of US$2.67 per option, and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$15,564,801. These options have vesting periods based on length of service ranging from 10 to 60 months and will expire no later than August 10, 2017. These options are performance-based and did not begin vesting until the Company's IPO was in effect. However, upon the effectiveness of the IPO, these awards had an immediate vesting of all shares that would have vested between the grant date and the effectiveness of the IPO.

2007 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “2007 Plan”)

In November 2007, the Company adopted the 2007 Plan which provides for the grant of options, restricted shares, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights and other stock-based awards to purchase its common shares. The maximum aggregate number of common shares which may be issued pursuant to all awards, including options, is 10 million common shares, subject to adjustment to account for changes in the capitalization of the Company.

On July 1, 2013, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 600,000 common shares to one director, at an exercise price of US$2.105 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$0.72 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$431,687. These options will have vesting periods based on length of service of 36 months and will expire no later than July 1, 2023.

On August 7, 2013, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 400,000 common shares to one employee, at an exercise price of US$2.475 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$0.84 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$337,655. These options will have vesting periods based on length of service of 36 months and will expire no later than August 7, 2023.

On September 3, 2013, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 600,000 common shares to one employee, at an exercise price of US$2.86 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$0.96 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$578,159. These options will have vesting periods based on length of service of 36 months and will expire no later than September 3, 2023.

On September 5, 2013, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 600,000 common shares to one employee, at an exercise price of US$2.92 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$1.0 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$602,604. These options will have vesting periods based on length of service of 36 months and will expire no later than September 5, 2023. This share option was forfeited on November 15, 2013 because the employee resigned.

On November 8, 2013, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 400,000 common shares to one employee, at an exercise price of US$3.185 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$1.03 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$412,735. These options will have vesting periods based on length of service of 36 months and will expire no later than November 8, 2023.

On June 25, 2014, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 600,000 common shares to one employee, at an exercise price of US$2.045 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$0.52 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$311,098. These options have vesting periods based on length of service of 36 months and will expire no later than June 25, 2024.

On June 30, 2014, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options to purchase up to 907,000 common shares to six employees, at an exercise price of US$1.21 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$0.81 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$734,181. These options became vested and exercisable immediately.

On February 26, 2015, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 200,000 common shares to one employee, at an exercise price of US$1.255 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$0.36 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$71,853. These options have vesting periods based on length of service of 36 months and will expire no later than February 26, 2025.

On April 10, 2015, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 600,000 common shares to one employee, at an exercise price of US$1.605 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$0.52 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$312,671. These options have vesting periods based on length of service of 36 months and will expire no later than April 10, 2025.

On July 1, 2015, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 1,200,000 common shares to two employees, at an exercise price of US$1.71 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$0.48 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$577,836. These options have vesting periods based on length of service of 36 months and will expire no later than July 1, 2025.

On September 30, 2015, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 200,000 common shares to one employee, at an exercise price of US$1.39 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$0.50 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$100,243. These options have vesting periods based on length of service of 36 months and will expire no later than September 30, 2025.

On November 6, 2015, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 200,000 common shares to one employee, at an exercise price of US$1.81 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$0.61 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$122,109. These options have vesting periods based on length of service of 36 months and will expire no later than November 6, 2025.

2015 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”)

In June 2015, the Company approved the 2015 Stock Option Plan to provide grant of options to purchase shares of company stock with maximum aggregate number of 20 million common shares, subject to adjustment to account for changes in the capitalization of the Company.

On July 1, 2015, under the 2015 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 6,574,600 common shares to twenty-two employees, at an exercise price of US$1.71 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$0.48 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$3,165,867. These options have vesting periods based on length of service of 34 months and will expire no later than July 1, 2025.

On July 29, 2015, under the 2015 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 81,600 common shares to one employee, at an exercise price of US$1.71 per share. These options have a weighted average grant date fair value of US$0.42 per option and a total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, of US$34,294. These options have vesting periods based on length of service of 33 months and will expire no later than July 29, 2025.

Assumptions

The Company assumed the forfeiture ratios of 10% for non-executive employees and 0% for executives in arriving at the total compensation expense. All outstanding unvested stock options as of December 31, 2015 under the Plan, the 2007 Plan and the 2015 Plan were related to executives and therefore, are expected to vest in full.

The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using the Dividend Adjusted Black-Scholes option-pricing model that uses the assumptions noted below.

	Options Granted in 2013 Under the 2007 Plan		Options Granted in 2014 Under the 2007 Plan		Options Granted in 2015 Under the 2007 Plan		Options Granted in 2015 Under the 2015 Plan
Average risk-free rate of return	1.43	%	2.5	%	1.82-1.92	%	1.57-1.92	%
Expected term	6 Years		5-6 Years		6 Years		6 Years
Volatility rate	55.7	%	40.5-41.4	%	46.3-55.2	%	55.0-55.9	%
Dividend yield	5	%	5	%	5	%	5	%

The risk-free rate for periods within the expected life of the option is based on the implied yield rates of U.S treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The expected life of options represents the period of time the granted options are expected to be outstanding. The Company had limited historical exercise data. Therefore, the expected life was estimated as the average of the contractual term and the vesting period. The dividend yield was based on the Company's dividend distribution plan. The expected volatility was based on the historical daily stock price of the Company, annualized.

Share Option Activity

The following table is a summary of the Company's share option activity under the Plan (in US$, except options):

Options under the Plan	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, January 1, 2015
2.50 (exercise price)		560,594		2.5		2.58		-
0.0001 (exercise price)		23,800		0.0001		2.58		28,082

Granted to employee		-		-		-		-
Exercised		-		-		-		-
Expired		-		-		-		-
Forfeited/Cancelled
2.50 (exercise price)		3,298		2.5		-		-

Outstanding, December 31, 2015
2.50 (exercise price)		557,396		2.5		1.58		-
0.0001 (exercise price)		23,800		0.0001		1.58		43,909

Exercisable as at December 31, 2015
2.50 (exercise price)		557,396		2.5		1.58		-
0.0001 (exercise price)		23,800		0.0001		1.58		43,909

As of December 31, 2015, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements granted to employees and non-employees under the Plan.

The following table is a summary of the Company's share option activity under the 2007 Plan (in US$, except options):

Options Under the 2007 Plan	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value

Outstanding, January 1, 2015
7.0 (exercise price)		792,056		7.00		2.83		-
2.975 (exercise price)		180,000		2.975		3.50		-
1.87 (exercise price)		93,334		1.87		4.25		-
1.21 (exercise price)		860,000		1.21		5.95		-
1.085 (exercise price)		100,000		1.085		6.50		9,500
1.64 (exercise price)		300,000		1.64		7.87		-
1.595 (exercise price)		200,000		1.595		7.87		-
2.105 (exercise price)		600,000		2.105		8.50		-
2.86 (exercise price)		600,000		2.86		8.67		-
2.045 (exercise price)		600,000		2.045		9.48		-
1.21 (exercise price)		907,000		1.21		9.50		-

Granted
1.255(exercise price)		200,000		1.255		9.16		118,000
1.605(exercise price)		600,000		1.605		9.27		144,000
1.71(exercise price)		1,200,000		1.710		9.50		162,000
1.39(exercise price)		200,000		1.390		9.75		91,000
1.81(exercise price)		200,000		1.810		9.85		7,000

Exercised
1.21 (exercise price)		6,000		1.21		-		2,400
1.21 (exercise price)		17,000		1.21		-		6,800
1.21 (exercise price)		2,000		1.21		-		634
1.21 (exercise price)		4,000		1.21		-		1,220
1.21 (exercise price)		2,000		1.21		-		817
1.21 (exercise price)		5,000		1.21		-		1,999
1.21 (exercise price)		4,000		1.21		-		1,553

Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)
2.045 (exercise price)		600,000		2.045		-		-
1.21 (exercise price)		100,000		1.21		-		-
1.64 (exercise price)		100,000		1.64		-		-
1.595 (exercise price)		200,000		1.595		-		-

Outstanding, December 31, 2015

7.0 (exercise price)		792,056		7.00		1.83		-
2.975 (exercise price)		180,000		2.975		2.50		-
1.87 (exercise price)		93,334		1.87		3.25		-
1.21 (exercise price)		754,000		1.21		4.95		478,790
1.085 (exercise price)		100,000		1.085		5.50		76,000
1.64 (exercise price)		200,000		1.64		6.87		41,000
1.595 (exercise price)		-		1.60		6.87		-
2.105 (exercise price)		600,000		2.105		7.50		-
2.86 (exercise price)		600,000		2.86		7.67		-
2.045 (exercise price)		-		2.045		8.48		-
1.21 (exercise price)		873,000		1.21		8.50		554,355
1.255(exercise price)		200,000		1.255		9.16		118,000
1.605(exercise price)		600,000		1.605		9.27		144,000
1.71(exercise price)		1,200,000		1.71		9.50		162,000
1.39(exercise price)		200,000		1.39		9.75		91,000
1.81(exercise price)		200,000		1.81		9.85		7,000

Exercisable as at December 31, 2015

7.0 (exercise price)		792,056		7.00		1.83		-
2.975 (exercise price)		180,000		2.98		2.50		-
1.87 (exercise price)		93,334		1.87		3.25		-
1.21 (exercise price)		754,000		1.21		4.95		478,790
1.085 (exercise price)		100,000		1.09		5.50		76,000
1.64 (exercise price)		200,000		1.64		6.87		41,000
2.105 (exercise price)		400,000		2.11		7.50		-
2.86 (exercise price)		400,000		2.86		7.67		-
1.21 (exercise price)		873,000		1.21		8.50		554,355
1.255(exercise price)		132,000		1.26		9.16		77,880

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total intrinsic value (the aggregate difference between the Company's closing stock price of US$1.85 per common share as of December 31, 2015 and the exercise price for in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders if all in-the-money options had been exercised on December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2015, there was US$1,133,257 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted to employees, under the 2007 Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized using a straight-line method over a weighted-average period of 2.16 years. Total fair value of options vested during the year ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015 was US$430,438, US$1,206,372, and US$633,113, respectively.

The following table is a summary of the Company's share option activity under the 2015 Plan (in US$, except options):

Options Under the 2015 Plan	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value

Granted
1.71(exercise price)		81,600		1.71		9.58		11,016
1.71(exercise price)		6,574,600		1.71		9.50		887,571

Outstanding, December 31, 2015
1.71(exercise price)		81,600		1.71		9.58		11,016
1.71(exercise price)		6,574,600		1.71		9.50		887,571

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total intrinsic value (the aggregate difference between the Company's closing stock price of US$1.85 per common share as of December 31, 2015 and the exercise price for in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders if all in-the-money options had been exercised on December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2015, there was US$2,560,637 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted to employees, under the 2015 Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized using a straight-line method over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years. Total fair value of options vested during the year ended December 31, 2015 was US$639,524.

2014 Restricted Stock Unit Plan (the “2014 RSU Plan”)

On May 23, 2014, the Board of Directors approved the 2014 RSU Plan, which is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The 2014 RSU Plan provides for discretionary grants of restricted stock units, or RSUs, to or for the benefit of participating employees. The maximum number of common shares that may be delivered to 2014 RSU Plan participants in connection with RSUs granted under the 2014 RSU Plan is 10,000,000, subject to adjustment if the Company's outstanding common shares are increased, decreased, changed into or exchanged for a different number or kind of shares or securities of the Company through a reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, stock dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction.

On May 23, 2014, the Company established a trust that is governed by a third party trustee and deposited US$7,042,725 into the trust. The trustee used the funds to acquire 4,234,884 common shares in the open market. The awards vest ratably over a three year service vesting period. The aggregate fair value of the restricted shares granted at the grant date shall be recognized as compensation expense using the straight-line method. The shares held by the third party trustee are legally outstanding as of December 31, 2015.

On April 10, 2015, under the 2014 RSU Plan, the Company deposited $3,259,998 into the trust. The trustee used the funds to acquire 2,076,964 common shares from the open market. The awards vest ratably over a three year service vesting period. The aggregate fair value of the restricted shares granted at the grant date shall be recognized as compensation expense using the straight-line method. The shares held by the third party trustee are legally outstanding as of December 31, 2015.

The weighted average grant-date fair value of restricted shares granted during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015 was US$2.01 and US$1.605, respectively, which was derived from the fair value of the underlying ordinary shares.

Other awards

On December 29, 2014, EMG granted the Share Option to a selling shareholder. No compensation expense was recorded as of December 31, 2014 and 2015 since the performance conditions underlying the Share Option were not met.

Other payables and accrued liabilities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Other payables and accrued liabilities [Abstract]

Other payables and accrued liabilities

17. Other payables and accrued liabilities

The components of other payables and accrued liabilities are as follows:

	December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015
	US$		US$
Contract deposit		22,484,500		31,740,289
Accrued expense		19,893,141		22,170,906
Deed tax and maintenance fund withheld for customers		266,382		13,318,504
Bidding deposit		1,698,002		1,881,217
Welfare payable		1,697,794		1,590,932
Other tax payable		8,606,598		701,721
Accrued aircraft operating expense		752,574		8,445,279
Accrued interest expense		11,582,212		14,178,760
Others		7,106,887		12,098,761

Total		74,088,090		106,126,369

Related party and Employee transactions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Related party and employee transactions

18. Related party and employee transactions

(a) Amounts due from related party

	December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015
	US$		US$
Shaanxi Zhongmao Economy Development Co., Ltd.		125,374,349		45,072,727
Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real estate development Co., Ltd.		-		10,816,284
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd		-		2,741,161

		125,374,349		58,630,172

As of December 31,2014, this balance represents a receivable due from Shaanxi Zhongmao related to advances for operational needs without any fixed payments terms, which mainly consisted of the amount of US$104,410,477 for acquiring parcels of land in Xi'an. In 2015, the Company advanced US$146,042,251 to Shaanxi Zhongmao and Shaanxi Zhongmao repaid US$221,558,534 of the outstanding balance. This balance is unsecured, bears no interest, and is expected to be repaid in one year.

As of December 31,2015, the balance due from Ruihao Rongtong and Beijing Starry Sky Cinema are related to advances for operational needs without any fixed payments terms. This balance is unsecured, bears no interest, and is expected to be repaid in one year.

(b) Amounts due from employees

December 31,

2014

December 31,

2015

US$

Advances to employees

50,057

350,919

The balance represents cash advances to employees for traveling expenses and other expenses. The balances are unsecured, bear no interest and have no fixed payment terms.

(c) Others

For the year ended December 31, 2015, total directors' remuneration amounted to US$8,549,672 (2013: US$9,690,085; 2014: US$8,145,311).

All other related party transactions have been disclosed in Notes 1, 2a) and 12.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates.

+ References + Details

Equity	12 Months Ended
Equity	Dec. 31, 2015
Equity [Abstract]
Equity	19. Equity (i) As at December 31, 2015, the Company's authorized share capital was 500 million common shares, par value US$0.0001 per share (December 31, 2014: 500 million common shares). (ii) During the year ended December 31, 2013, 15,124 options were exercised at US$2.5 per share under the Plan. (iii) During the year ended December 31, 2013, 406,666 options were exercised at US$1.87 per share under the 2007 Plan. (iv) During the year ended December 31, 2013, 200,000 options were exercised at US$1.8 per share under the 2007 Plan. (v) During the year ended December 31, 2013, 4,082,020 options were exercised at US$1.21 per share under the 2007 Plan. (vi) On July 12, 2013, the Board of Directors unanimously authorized management to repurchase up to US$60 million of the Company's shares (the 2013 Repurchase Program) from the approval date to the end of 2015. (vii) During the year ended December 31, 2013, 2,629,716 common shares were repurchased at a total cost of US$5,767,159. (viii) On September 19, 2013, the Company had purchased a cumulative total of 14,264,896 treasury shares for a consideration of US$19,434,281 with a weighted average price of US$1.36 per share. On September 19, 2013, 12,000,000 out of the 14,264,896 treasury shares were issued to TPG Asia as part of the TPG Private Placement and the Company received gross proceeds of approximately US$32,880,000 from the issuance of the treasury shares. (ix) During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company distributed quarterly dividends of US$0.025 per common share to common shareholders amounting to a total of US$14,724,740. (x) During the year ended December 31, 2014, 33,000 options were exercised at US$1.21 per share under the 2007 Plan. (xi) During the year ended December 31, 2014, 9,025,690 common shares were repurchased at a total cost of US$17,610,787. (xiii) During the year ended December 31, 2014, 4,234,884 common shares were repurchased at a total cost of US$7,042,725 under the 2014 RSU Plan, which were granted to employees and directors (note 16). (xiv) During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company distributed quarterly dividends of US$0.025 per common share to common shareholders amounting to a total of US$15,288,919. (xv) During the year ended December 31, 2015, 40,000 options were exercised at US$1.21 per share under the 2007 Plan. (xvi) During the year ended December 31, 2015, 2,179,902 common shares were repurchased at a total cost of US$3,349,172. (xvii) During the year ended December 31, 2015, 2,076,964 common shares were repurchased at a total cost of US$3,259,998 under the 2014 RSU Plan, which were granted to employees and directors. (xviii) During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company distributed quarterly dividends of US$0.025 per common share to common shareholders amounting to a total of US$14,751,704.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(d),(e))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21484-112644

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 310
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 4.E)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27010918&loc=d3e74512-122707

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 5
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21488-112644

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 4
-Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 4.C)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27012166&loc=d3e187143-122770

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21506-112644

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27012166&loc=d3e187085-122770

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 30
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6405834&loc=d3e23285-112656

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21475-112644

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Glossary Preferred Stock
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6521494

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21463-112644

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 11
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21564-112644

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher SEC
-Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)
-Number Topic 4
-Section E

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher SEC
-Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)
-Number Topic 4
-Section C

+ Details

Earnings per share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Earnings per share [Abstract]

Earnings per share

20. Earnings per share

Basic and diluted net earnings per share for each period presented are calculated as follows:

	December 31,
	2013		2014		2015
	US$		US$		US$
Numerator:
Net income		126,356,264		48,515,730		66,482,107
Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders – basic		126,356,264		48,515,730		66,482,107
Interest expense associated with the Convertible Note		798,984		2,690,572		-
Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders – diluted		127,155,248		51,206,302		66,482,107
Denominator:
Number of shares outstanding, basic*		145,733,028		151,935,765		142,625,427
Convertible Note (Note 12)		2,038,808		24,561,789		-
Stock options		1,692,720		620,681		348,603
Restricted stock units		-		-		3,513,919

Number of shares outstanding-diluted		149,464,556		177,118,235		146,487,949

Basic earnings per share		0.87		0.32		0.47

Diluted earnings per share		0.85		0.29		0.45

During the year ended December 31, 2015, 11,878,986 (2013: 1,123,723; 2014: 4,086,084) stock options were excluded from the calculation of earnings per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive.

Segment reporting

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment reporting

21. Segment reporting

The Group's long-lived assets and revenue are mainly located in and derived from the PRC. Starting in 2012, a small portion of the Group's long-lived assets and revenue are located in and derived from the United States. The Group considers that each of its individual property developments is a discrete operating segment. The Group has aggregated its segments on a provincial basis as property development projects undertaken within a province have similar expected economic characteristics, type of properties offered, customers and market and regulatory environment. The Group's reportable operating segments are comprised of Henan Province, Shandong Province, Jiangsu Province, Sichuan Province, Beijing, Hainan Province, Hunan Province, Shanghai, and Tianjin in the PRC; and the United States.

Each geographic operating segment is principally engaged in the construction and development of residential real estate units. The “other” category relates to investment holdings, property management services, installation of intercom systems, landscaping, engineering and management, real estate sale, purchase and lease activities. The accounting policies of the various segments are the same as those described in Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies”.

The Group's chief operating decision maker relies upon net sales, gross profit and net income when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Group. Net sales for geographic segments are generally based on the location of the project development. Net income for each segment includes net sales to third parties, related cost of sales and operating expenses directly attributable to the segment. Capital expenditures for each segment includes cost for acquisition of subsidiaries, purchase of aircraft, vehicles, fixtures and furniture and computer network equipment and accumulation of properties held for lease related to newly completed projects.

No single customer accounted for more than 10% of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015.

Summary information by operating segment is as follows:

December 31, 2013	Henan			Shandong			Jiangsu			Anhui			Sichuan			Beijing			United States			Others			Consolidated
	US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$

Net real estate sales		378,087,120			290,511,011			186,224,891			-			13,489,121			-			6,614,490			-			874,926,633
Real estate lease income		2,098,415			196,596			576,457			-			-			-			-			3,118,298			5,989,766
Other revenue		242,368			84,040			479,202			-			183,026			-			15,520			15,817,501			16,821,657

Total revenue		380,427,903			290,791,647			187,280,550			-			13,672,147			-			6,630,010			18,935,799			897,738,056
Cost of real estate sales		(225,443,661	)		(220,570,567	)		(135,087,692	)		-			(3,107,736	)		-			(6,002,345	)		(723,634	)		(590,935,635	)
Cost of real estate lease income		(1,602,225	)		(129,059	)		(323,012	)		-			-			-			-			458,065			(1,596,231	)
Other costs		3,553,561			(512	)		3,359,189			-			(56,418	)		-			(550	)		(13,063,594	)		(6,208,324	)

Total cost of revenue		(223,492,325	)		(220,700,138	)		(132,051,515	)		-			(3,164,154	)		-			(6,002,895	)		(13,329,163	)		(598,740,190	)
Gross profit		156,935,578			70,091,509			55,229,035			-			10,507,993			-			627,115			5,606,636			298,997,866
Operating expenses		(39,956,831	)		(6,925,944	)		(11,766,051	)		(12,908	)		(936,011	)		(6,670,853	)		(1,359,841	)		(17,594,048	)		(85,222,487	)

Operating income/(loss)		116,978,747			63,165,565			43,462,984			(12,908	)		9,571,982			(6,670,853	)		(732,726	)		(11,987,412	)		213,775,379
Interest income		9,121,573			749,616			216,008			129			11,819			736,400			3,098			842,844			11,681,487

Interest expense		(778,032	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			(16,084,500	)		(16,862,532	)
Share of loss in an equity investee		(117,188	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			(117,188	)
Other operating income/expense		-			-			-			-			-			1,538,968			-			-			1,538,968
Income/(loss) before income taxes		125,205,100			63,915,181			43,678,992			(12,779	)		9,583,801			(4,395,485	)		(729,628	)		(27,229,068	)		210,016,114
Income tax (expense)/benefit		(46,673,642	)		(13,936,301	)		(16,640,499	)		(40,107	)		(2,749,642	)		1,212,316			(44,335	)		(4,787,640	)		(83,659,850	)

Net income/(loss)		78,531,458			49,978,880			27,038,493			(52,886	)		6,834,159			(3,183,169	)		(773,963	)		(32,016,708	)		126,356,264

Depreciation and amortization		1,903,564			147,053			548,699			52,166			3,652			311,673			174			170,141			3,137,122
Capital expenditure		6,672,173			184,084			91,784,366			-			-			936,906			116,597			405,009			100,099,135
Equity investment		5,967,905			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			5,967,905
Real estate properties held for sale		-			-			-			-			-			-			5,524,041			-			5,524,041
Real estate properties development completed		665,410			555,797			19,244,890			287,165			507,026			-			-			-			21,260,288
Real estate properties under development		190,143,709			37,201,975			441,295,792			-			-			198,205,122			65,672,108			-			932,518,706
Real estate properties held for lease		48,011,607			3,602,956			7,712,857			846,903			-			-			-			235,858			60,410,181

Total long-lived assets		106,014,797			4,694,369			12,200,324			847,318			1,649,862			1,664,134			113,296			10,387,542			137,571,642
Total assets		928,034,862			314,799,152			482,414,252			9,494,401			88,642,444			184,288,291			6,530,771			367,895,419			2,382,099,592

December 31, 2014	Henan			Shandong			Jiangsu			Sichuan			Beijing			Hainan			Hunan			Shanghai			United States			Others			Consolidated
	US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$
Net real estate sales		310,236,873			192,437,765			175,960,358			9,912,254			188,579,891			6,526,065			4,109,978			-			4,921,331			141,377			892,825,892
Real estate lease income		2,991,909			218,320			651			-			-			-			-			-			-			1,725,306			4,936,186
Other revenue		110,500			110,166			57,357			29,585			11,717			391			244			-			-			21,665,635			21,985,595

Total revenue		313,339,282			192,766,251			176,018,366			9,941,839			188,591,608			6,526,456			4,110,222			-			4,921,331			23,532,318			919,747,673
Cost of real estate sales		(210,789,926	)		(146,862,778	)		(138,838,903	)		(9,125,435	)		(133,519,235	)		(4,137,467	)		(3,632,997	)		-			(4,643,722	)		977,293			(650,573,170	)
Cost of real estate lease income		(2,574,534	)		29,388			(575,529	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			(52,540	)		(3,173,215	)
Other costs		(1,804,955	)		(1,303,518	)		(391,538	)		(16,975	)		(364,326	)		(17	)		(32,560	)		-			-			(19,921,843	)		(23,835,732	)

Total cost of revenue		(215,169,415	)		(148,136,908	)		(139,805,970	)		(9,142,410	)		(133,883,561	)		(4,137,484	)		(3,665,557	)		-			(4,643,722	)		(18,997,090	)		(677,582,117	)
Gross profit		98,169,867			44,629,343			36,212,396			799,429			54,708,047			2,388,972			444,665			-			277,609			4,535,228			242,165,556
Operating expenses		(58,981,130	)		(8,891,116	)		(12,928,183	)		(3,229,614	)		(27,689,927	)		(3,855,809	)		(3,234,163	)		(2,353,439	)		(5,783,635	)		(18,169,045	)		(145,116,061	)

Operating income/(loss)		39,188,737			35,738,227			23,284,213			(2,430,185	)		27,018,120			(1,466,837	)		(2,789,498	)		(2,353,439	)		(5,506,026	)		(13,633,817	)		97,049,495
Interest income		10,797,806			903,353			471,254			8,312			375,674			4,974			16,913			9,647			-			1,989,389			14,577,322
Interest expense		(471,635	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			(27,729,132	)		(28,200,767	)
Net realized gain on short-term investments		3,128,014			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			3,128,014
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee		(1,691,897	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			(1,691,897	)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			(9,848,931	)		(9,848,931	)
Exchange gains		706,108			-						-			-			-			-			-			-			-			706,108
Unrealized income on short-term investments		120,146			-			-			-			1,887			-			-			-			-			-			122,033
Other income		-			3,212,606			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			3,212,606

Income/(loss) before income taxes		51,777,279			39,854,186			23,755,467			(2,421,873	)		27,395,681			(1,461,863	)		(2,772,585	)		(2,343,792	)		(5,506,026	)		(49,222,491	)		79,053,983
Income tax benefit/(expense)		1,897,892			(9,997,111	)		(3,452,056	)		681,784			(18,646,689	)		(737,457	)		(543,422	)		(505,771	)		2,243,056			(1,497,844	)		(30,557,618	)

Net income/(loss)		53,675,171			29,857,075			20,303,411			(1,740,089	)		8,748,992			(2,199,320	)		(3,316,007	)		(2,849,563	)		(3,262,970	)		(50,720,335	)		48,496,365

Depreciation and amortization		5,056,099			255,701			684,087			38,685			446,531			95,456			24,944			35,727			147,349			213,543			6,998,122
Capital expenditure		6,317,246			187,745			175,551			296,976			57,767			698,842			242,276			371,198			10,130,497			217,835			18,695,933
Real estate properties development for sale		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			1,185,217			-			1,185,217
Real estate properties development completed		10,174,728			778,376			1,069,768			-			-			-			-			-			-			286,127			12,308,999
Real estate properties under development		122,442,706			230,512,631			476,026,887			213,243,863			124,555,677			80,188,420			145,738,966			192,275,659			119,947,878			9,642,365			1,714,575,052
Real estate properties held for lease		45,892,107			5,053,480			17,464,831			-			-			-			-			-			-			813,330			69,223,748

Total long-lived assets		91,997,422			7,323,161			23,139,244			10,904,402			3,896,449			690,086			528,484			761,721			11,488,178			10,338,428			161,067,575
Total assets		868,110,770			501,351,668			642,378,579			125,561,644			427,431,672			52,944,306			99,029,288			197,356,138			36,990,997			280,371,172			3,231,526,234

December 31, 2015	Henan			Shandong			Jiangsu			Sichuan			Beijing			Hainan			Hunan			Shanghai			Tianjin			United States			Others			Consolidated
	US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$
Net real estate sales		251,681,188			186,222,554			371,469,943			36,372,298			166,775,534			3,534,278			42,191,276			70,058,447			4,631,258			1,530,000			-			1,134,466,776
Real estate lease income		4,484,591			202,892			-			-			-			-			-			-						-			1,885,780			6,573,263
Other revenue		1,396,463			30,659			308,026			80,142			318,271			8,157			2,332			-			1,333			-			21,138,576			23,283,959

Total revenue		257,562,242			186,456,105			371,777,969			36,452,440			167,093,805			3,542,435			42,193,608			70,058,447			4,632,591			1,530,000			23,024,356			1,164,323,998
Cost of real estate sales		(160,197,316	)		(149,867,847	)		(305,417,991	)		(32,313,894	)		(118,868,527	)		(2,337,677	)		(30,095,959	)		(62,366,015	)		(3,534,525)			(1,243,112	)		-			(866,242,863	)
Cost of real estate lease income		(2,202,367	)		(285,974	)		(1,416,157	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			(51,824	)		(3,956,322	)
Other costs		160,449			(376,070	)		(641,646	)		(3,615	)		(835,555	)		(324	)		-			-			(8,424	)		-			(19,429,522	)		(21,134,707	)

Total cost of revenue		(162,239,234	)		(150,529,891	)		(307,475,794	)		(32,317,509	)		(119,704,082	)		(2,338,001	)		(30,095,959	)		(62,366,015	)		(3,542,949)			(1,243,112	)		(19,481,346	)		(891,333,892	)
Gross profit		95,323,008			35,926,214			64,302,175			4,134,931			47,389,723			1,204,434			12,097,649			7,692,432			1,089,642			286,888			3,543,010			272,990,106
Operating expenses		(51,882,922	)		(13,528,548	)		(15,826,805	)		(3,672,935	)		(32,178,776	)		(6,617,557	)		(5,090,601	)		(4,346,174	)		(10,002,768	)		(4,971,109	)		(19,336,890	)		(167,455,085	)

Operating income/(loss)		43,440,086			22,397,666			48,475,370			461,996			15,210,947			(5,413,123	)		7,007,048			3,346,258			(8,913,126	)		(4,684,221	)		(15,793,880	)		105,535,021
Interest income		23,284,854			237,687			442,560			18,752			331,042			3,968			45,592			134,580			2,966			-			1,735			24,503,736
Interest expense		21,612,239			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			17,587,083			(59,480,738	)		(20,281,416	)
Net realized gain on short-term investments		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			603,078			603,078
Share of income in an equity investee		2,234,635			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			2,234,635
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-
Exchange gains		403,286			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			403,286
Unrealized income on short-term investments		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			49,443			49,443
Other income		-			-			-			-			-			4,677,244			-			-			-			2,950			1,264,926			5,945,120

Income/(loss) before income taxes		90,975,100			22,635,353			48,917,930			480,748			15,541,989			(731,911	)		7,052,640			3,480,838			(8,910,160	)		12,905,812			(73,355,436	)		118,992,903
Income tax benefit /(expense)		(16,234,099	)		(9,901,175	)		(32,061	)		(1,344,687	)		(13,479,368	)		163,491			(5,634,909	)		(1,259,900	)		1,739,065			2,825,203			(9,352,878	)		(52,511,318	)

Net income/(loss)		74,741,001			12,734,178			48,885,869			(863,939	)		2,062,621			(568,420	)		1,417,731			2,220,938			(7,171,095	)		15,731,015			(82,708,314	)		66,481,585

Depreciation and amortization		5,569,343			400,733			1,542,209			64,082			515,150			208,486			76,304			83,175			3,839			50,985			237,358			8,751,664
Capital expenditure		4,249,718			172,853			31,524			-			33,952,563			127,550			146,074			-			52,401			136,065			256,824			39,125,572
Real estate properties development for sale		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-
Real estate properties development completed		4,775,131			-			19,301,428			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			24,076,559
Real estate properties under development		313,105,983			275,709,393			307,172,930			223,653,822			62,561,492			101,059,710			157,166,855			155,309,860			57,207,564			226,208,448			8,165,744			1,887,321,801
Real estate properties held for lease		42,511,937			4,487,714			23,416,217			-			-			-			-			-						-			716,714			71,132,582

Total long-lived assets		221,202,024			6,683,031			27,947,425			9,036,881			6,958,865			553,186			468,620			391,481			751,519			13,009,709			11,420,981			298,423,722
Total assets		1,064,084,941			457,041,948			655,880,819			206,485,216			346,527,256			135,047,439			110,988,357			128,502,762			19,201,186			166,888,356			270,739,159			3,561,387,439

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 34
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e8981-108599

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 41
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e9038-108599

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 33
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e8971-108599

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e8595-108599

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e8380-108599

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 26
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e8844-108599

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 35
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e8984-108599

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 40
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e9031-108599

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 42
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e9054-108599

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 10
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e8538-108599

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 29
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e8864-108599

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 31
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e8924-108599

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 30
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51669610&loc=d3e8906-108599

+ Details

Commitments and contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Commitments and contingencies [Abstract]

Commitments and contingencies

22. Commitments and contingencies

Commitments

Operating lease commitments

The Group leases certain of its office properties under non-cancellable operating lease arrangements. The terms of the leases do not contain rent escalation, or contingent rent, renewal, or purchase options. There are no restrictions placed upon the Group by entering into these leases.

As of December 31, 2015, the Group had the following operating lease obligations falling due in:

	Amount
	US$
2016		3,113,503
2017		1,732,005
2018		1,326,668
2019		781,985
2020		562,477
2021 and thereafter		143,218

Total		7,659,856

Capital lease commitments

The Group leases a corporate aircraft under a non-cancellable capital lease arrangement. The terms of the lease do not contain contingent rent clauses.

As of December 31, 2015, the Group had the following minimum lease payments (excluding the portion of the payments representing executory costs, including any profit thereon) falling due in:

	Amount
	US$
2016		5,106,207
2017		5,106,207
2018		5,106,207
2019		5,106,207
2020 and thereafter		7,659,311
Total minimum lease payments		28,084,139
Less interest		(6,907,520	)
Capital lease obligations		21,176,619
Less current maturities of capital lease obligations		(3,065,612	)
Long-term capital lease obligations		18,111,007

Other commitments

As of December 31, 2015, the Group had outstanding commitments with respect to non-cancellable construction contracts for real estate development and land use rights purchases as follows:

	Amount
	US$
2016		237,174,797
2017		154,945,910
2018		35,408,090
2019		34,442,583
2020 and thereafter		-

Total		461,971,380

Contingencies

As at December 31, 2015, the Group provided guarantees of US$1,513,664,015 (2014: US$1,305,598,342), in favor of its customers in respect of mortgage loans granted by banks to such customers for their purchases of the Group's properties where the underlying real estate ownership certificates can only be provided to the banks on a time delay manner due to administrative procedures in the PRC. Pursuant to the terms of the guarantees, upon default in mortgage payments by these purchasers, the Group is responsible to repay the outstanding mortgage principal together with the accrued interest and penalty owed by the defaulted purchasers to the bank and the Group is entitled to take over the legal titles and possession of the related properties. The Group's guarantee period starts from the date of grant of the relevant mortgage loan and ends upon issuance of real estate ownership certificate which will generally be available within six to twelve months after the purchaser takes possession of the relevant property. The Group paid US$359,551, US$1,478,386, and US$555,969 to satisfy guarantee obligations related to customer defaults for the years ended December 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively.

The fair value of the guarantees is not significantly different than the net realizable value of the properties and management considers that in case of default in payments, the net realizable value of the related properties can cover the repayment of the outstanding mortgage principal together with the accrued interest and penalty and therefore no provision has been made for the guarantees.

In the prior years, the Group has settled the LAT for three of its projects based on the deemed profit method, which was approved by the local tax bureau. Out of the three projects, one project was liquidated on April 6, 2012 and the statute of limitations of another project expired as of December 31, 2013. The statute of limitations of the remaining project expired on April 27, 2014. Based on the above, there is no longer a contingency related to LAT for the three projects settled in the prior years as of December 31, 2014 and 2015.

On May 30, 2014, the Zhengzhou Modern City project developed by Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd., completed the LAT final settlement with the local tax bureau. The Company received a tax clearance certificate, which confirmed that the Company's accrual under the deemed profit method was adequate and there was no additional tax adjustments assessed by the local tax bureau as of May 30, 2014. Based on the above, management performed a reassessment and concluded that the likelihood of the deemed profit method being overturned is only reasonably possible, and accordingly reversed the LAT liability accrued for the project amounting to US$16.2 million as of December 31, 2014. The Group's estimate for the reasonably possible contingency related to the Zhengzhou Modern City project amounted to US$16.2 million as of December 31, 2015.

Concentration of risk	12 Months Ended
Concentration of risk	Dec. 31, 2015
Concentration of risk [Abstract]
Concentration of risk	23. Concentration of risk The Group's operations are conducted mainly in the PRC. Starting in 2012, a small portion of the Group's operations is conducted in the United States. Accordingly, the Group's business, financial condition and results of operations is primarily influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in the PRC and by the general state of the PRC economy. The Group's operations in the PRC are subject to special considerations and significant risks. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environments and foreign currency exchange. The Group's results may be adversely affected by changes in the political and social conditions in the PRC, and by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things. The Group transacts most of its business in RMB, which is not freely convertible into foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions take place either through the PBOC or other banks authorized to buy and sell foreign currencies at the exchange rates quoted by the PBOC. Approval of foreign currency payments by the PBOC or other institutions requires submitting a payment application form together with suppliers' invoices, shipping documents and signed contracts. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government changed its decade-old policy of pegging the value of the RMB to the US$. Under the new policy, the RMB is permitted to fluctuate within a narrow and managed band against a basket of certain foreign currencies. For RMB against US$, there was appreciation of approximately 2.9% in the year ended December 31, 2013, depreciation of 2.4% in the year ended December 31, 2014 and depreciation of 4.4% in the year ended December 31, 2015, respectively. It is difficult to predict how market forces or PRC or US government policy may impact the exchange rate between the RMB and the U.S. dollar in the future. To the extent that the Company needs to convert US$ into RMB for capital expenditures and working capital and other business purposes, appreciation of RMB against US$ would have an adverse effect on the RMB amount the Company would receive from the conversion. Conversely, if the Company decides to convert RMB into US$ for the purpose of making payments for dividends on ordinary shares, strategic acquisitions or investments or other business purposes, appreciation of US$ against RMB would have a negative effect on the US$ amount available to the Company. In addition, a significant depreciation of the RMB against the US$ may significantly reduce the US$ equivalent of the Company's earnings or losses. During parts of 2011 and 2012 the Group offered certain homebuyers seller-financing arrangements. All the homebuyers entered into such arrangement were subject to credit verification procedures. In addition, accounts receivable balances are unsecured, but monitored on an ongoing basis via the Group's management reporting procedures. The Group provided longer payment terms, ranging between six months to two years to particular home buyers after applying strict credit requirements based on the Group's credit policy. In the second half of 2012, execution of seller-financed contracts dropped significantly to the point that the Group did not offer seller-financed contracts to second home buyers starting in the fourth quarter of 2012. Commencing in the second quarter of 2014, the Group again offer seller-financed contracts. As of December 31, 2015, there is no concentration of credit risk with respect to receivables. In 2013, PRC banks tightened the conditions on which mortgage loans are extended to homebuyers. Therefore, mortgage loans for homebuyers have been subject to longer processing periods or even denied by the banks. The Group monitors its homebuyers' outstanding mortgage loans on an ongoing basis via the Group's management reporting procedures and took the position that contracts with underlying mortgage loans with processing periods exceeding one year cannot be recognized as revenue under the percentage of completion method (see Note 2(h) for further detail). As a result, the Group reversed contracted sales of the amounts related to apartments of which mortgage loans with processing periods exceeding one year when recognizing revenue under the percentage of completion method. In addition, no single customer or supplier accounted for more than 10% of revenue or project expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015.

Accumulated other comprehensive income

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Accumulated other comprehensive income [Abstract]

Accumulated other comprehensive income

24. Accumulated other comprehensive income

The movement of accumulated other comprehensive income is as follows:

	Foreign currency translation adjustments
	US$
Balance as of January 1, 2012		79,859,172
Other comprehensive income		2,140,848
Balance as of December 31, 2012		82,000,020
Other comprehensive income		25,910,940
Balance as of December 31, 2013		107,910,960
Other comprehensive loss		(3,353,952	)
Balance as of December 31, 2014		104,557,008
Other comprehensive loss		(73,605,171	)
Balance as of December 31, 2015		30,951,837

During the year ended December 31, 2015, the entire unrealized gain associated with the available for sale securities amounting to US$146,929 was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to net income as a result of the disposal of available-for-sale securities.

Non-controlling interests

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Non-controlling interests [Abstract]

Non-controlling interest

25. Non-controlling interests

As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, the non-controlling interests consisted of the following:

	Ownership			December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015
				US$		US$
Beijing Economy Cooperation Ruifeng Investment Co., Ltd.		10	%		19,392		18,819
Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.		20	%		48		-

Subsequent events	12 Months Ended
Subsequent events	Dec. 31, 2015
Subsequent events [Abstract]
Subsequent events	26. Subsequent events On January 15, 2016, Henan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. acquired a parcel of land in Zhengzhou, Henan Province for a purchase price of RMB420.3 million, equivalent to US$64.0 million. On February 18, 2016, Henan Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. acquired a parcel of land in Zhengzhou, Henan Province for a purchase price of RMB679.2 million, equivalent to US$104.0 million. On January 14, 2016, the Company acquired a parcel of land, located on 10th Avenue and between 44th Street and 45th Street, in Midtown Manhattan for US$57.5 million. On January 27, 2016, Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. issued the second tranche of the onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of US$107 million due on January 27, 2021 (the “Second Tranche Bonds”) at a coupon rate of 7.47% per annum payable annually. Interest is payable on January 27 of each year, commencing January 27, 2016 On March 14, 2016, Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. issued the third tranche of the onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of US$77 million due on March 14 2021 (the “Third Tranche Bonds”) at a coupon rate of 7.09% per annum payable annually. Interest is payable on March 14 of each year, commencing March 14, 2016. In February 2016, through a consent solicitation to the holders of the May 2018 Secured Notes and the June 2019 Secured Notes, we amended the Indentures to give us additional flexibility in pursuing new business opportunities and new sources of capital. The amendments to the Indentures include: (i) amend the provisions relating to future Subsidiary Guarantors, JV Subsidiary Guarantors and pledged subsidiary Capital Stock (each, as defined in the Indentures); (ii) amend the “Limitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock” covenant; (iii) amend the “Limitation on Transactions with Shareholders and Affiliates” covenant and the provisions relating to “Designation of Restricted Subsidiaries and Unrestricted Subsidiaries”; (iv) amend the definition of “Permitted Investment” and the “Limitation on Restricted Payments” covenant; and (v) remove the “Limitation on the Company's Business Activities” covenant and amend the related definitions and provisions. The amendments also clarify certain other provisions in the Indentures.

Condensed financial information of the Company

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Condensed financial information of the Company [Abstract]

Condensed financial information of the Company

27. Condensed financial information of the Company

The condensed financial statements of Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Under the PRC laws and regulations, the Company's PRC subsidiaries are restricted in their ability to transfer certain of their net assets to the Company in the form of dividend payments, loans or advances. The amounts restricted include paid-in capital and statutory reserves, as determined pursuant to PRC generally accepted accounting principles, totaling US$387,450,518 as of December 31, 2015 (2014: US$379,829,487).

Condensed Balance Sheets

	Year ended December 31
	2014			2015
	US$			US$

ASSETS

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents		4,392,766			1,295,835
Other deposits and prepayments		1,774,032			2,389,045
Other current assets		233,474			28
Due from subsidiaries		585,756,827			592,565,997
Total current assets		592,157,099			596,250,905

Other assets		-			-
Deferred charges		7,428,245			8,154,290
Investments in subsidiaries		900,701,691			962,901,445

TOTAL ASSETS		1,500,287,035			1,567,306,640

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

Current liabilities
Short-term bank loan		130,024,345			222,226,246
PRC income tax payable		13,388			13,388
PRC other tax payable		902,190			902,190
Other payable and accrued liabilities		8,715,979			8,194,395
Payroll and welfare payables		-			-
Other long-term debt due within one year		-			-

Total current liabilities		139,655,902			231,336,219

Other long-term debt		400,000,000			400,000,000

Total liabilities		539,655,902			631,336,219

Shareholders' equity
Common shares, $0.0001 par value:
Authorized-500,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding-144,879,900 shares for 2015 (2014: 147,019,802 shares)		15,831			15,835
Treasury shares		(20,696,268	)		(24,045,440	)
Additional paid-in capital		530,670,112			531,233,336
Retained earnings		450,641,458			428,766,690

Total shareholders' equity		960,631,133			935,970,421

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY		1,500,287,035			1,567,306,640

Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income

	Year ended December 31
	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
Sales tax		-			-			-

General and administrative expenses		(16,494,847	)		(8,860,382	)		(10,301,067	)

Operating loss		(16,494,847	)		(8,860,382	)		(10,301,067	)
Interest expense		(24,635,780	)		(58,515,706	)		(58,576,635	)
Interest income		749,408			1,289,907			3,533
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			(9,848,931	)		-
Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net		166,737,483			124,450,842			135,356,276

Income from operations before income taxes		126,356,264			48,515,730			66,482,107
Income taxes		-			-			-

Net income attributable to common shareholders		126,356,264			48,515,730			66,482,107

Other comprehensive income, net of tax of nil
Foreign currency translation adjustments		25,910,940			(3,353,952	)		(73,605,171	)

Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to shareholders		152,267,204			45,161,778			(7,123,064	)

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

	Year ended December 31
	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income		126,356,264			48,515,730			66,482,107
Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net		(166,737,483	)		(124,450,842	)		(135,356,276	)
Accretion of long-term debt		288,220			-			-
Stock based compensation expense		160,549			1,912,471			3,326,175
Amortization of deferred financing cost		640,565			1,620,695			2,378,767
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			9,848,931			-
Other deposits and prepayments		(12,690,088	)		10,916,056			(615,013	)
Other current assets		(278,908	)		45,434			233,446
Other assets		98,294			-			-
Other payable and accrued liabilities		8,081,370			(737,739	)		(521,582	)
Payroll and welfare payables		5,149,011			(5,149,011	)		-
Accrued interest		(1,352,000	)		-			-

Net cash used in operating activities		(40,284,206	)		(57,478,275	)		(64,072,376	)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Changes in due from a subsidiary		(150,361,777	)		(140,334,182	)		(6,809,170	)
Proceeds from short-term bank loans		45,000,000			130,024,345			207,805,203
Repayments of short-term bank loans		(70,000,000	)		(35,000,000	)		(115,603,302	)
Proceeds from other long-term debts		475,761,009			-			-
Repayment of other long-term debts		(40,000,000	)		(75,761,009	)		-
Issuance of treasury shares		32,792,232			-			-
Purchase of treasury shares		(5,767,160	)		(17,610,787	)		(3,349,172	)
Dividends to shareholders		(14,724,740	)		(15,288,919	)		(14,751,704	)
Deferred charges		(9,585,309	)		-			(3,104,812	)
Purchase of shares under RSU plan		-			(7,042,725	)		(3,259,998	)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			(9,848,931	)		-
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		5,060,918			1,080,530			48,400

Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities		268,175,173			(169,781,678	)		60,975,445

Net increase/ (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		227,890,967			(227,259,953	)		(3,096,931	)
Cash and cash equivalents, at the beginning of the year		3,761,752			231,652,719			4,392,766

Cash and cash equivalents, at end of the period		231,652,719			4,392,766			1,295,835

(a) Basis of presentation

In the company-only financial statements, the Company's investment in subsidiaries is stated at cost plus its equity interest in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries since inception. The company-only financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's consolidated financial statements.

The Company records its investment in its subsidiaries under the equity method of accounting as prescribed in ASC 323 “ Investment-Equity Method and Joint Ventures ” (“ASC 323”). Such investment is presented on the balance sheet as “Investments in subsidiaries” and share of the subsidiaries' profit or loss as “Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net” on the condensed statements of comprehensive income.

The subsidiaries did not pay any dividends to the Company for the periods presented.

(b) Related party transactions

As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, the Company had US$525,946,603 and US$521,416,425 due from its wholly-owned subsidiaries. These amounts mainly reflect intercompany loans from the Company to Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. (“WFOE”) and XIN Development Group International Inc. (“XIN Development”). While intercompany loans have no fixed payments terms, the Company has a legal enforceable right to demand payment at any time, and the WFOE and the XIN Development have the ability to repay the outstanding balance on demand.

In 2013, the Company also entered into a separate loan facility agreement with XIN Development. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company will provide a loan facility to XIN Development for the period from July 1, 2013 to January 18, 2017 amounting to US$50,000,000 at 17.5% per annum. As of December 31, 2015, the Company has US$71,149,572 (2014: US$59,810,224) including accrued interest of US$22,047,693 (2014: US$10,708,345), due from XIN Development under this loan facility.

(c) Commitments

The Company does not have significant commitments or long-term obligations as of the period end presented.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Policy)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Summary of significant accounting policies [Abstract]

The Company and basis of presentation and consolidation

(a) The Company and basis of presentation and consolidation

The carrying amounts and classifications of the assets and liabilities of the VIEs are as follows:

	December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015
		US$	US$
Current assets		681,567,691		412,763,119
Non-current assets		2,268,129		7,469,208
Total assets		683,835,820		420,232,327

Current liabilities		537,233,210		262,759,976
Non-current liabilities		82,124,393		66,219,046

Total liabilities		619,357,603		328,979,022

The financial performance and cash flows of the VIEs are as follows:

	Year ended December 31, 2014			Year ended December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Revenue		25,715,106			168,108,983
Cost of revenue		(21,406,445	)		(125,707,809	)
Net (loss)/profit		(1,702,533	)		9,944,795
Net cash used in operating activities		(252,000,125	)		(4,601,835	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(799,144	)		(6,098,628	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		358,987,226			35,532,406

The VIEs contributed 14.4% (2014:2.8%) of the Company's consolidated revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Use of Estimates

(b) Use of Estimates

Fair value of financial instruments

(c) Fair value of financial instruments

Level 1-Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets

Level 2-Includes other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the market place

Level 3-Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity

The carrying values of the Company's financial instruments approximate their fair values except for the short-term investments.

Foreign currency translation

(d) Foreign currency translation

The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders' equity.

	December 31, 2013		December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015

Year end RMB: US$ exchange rate		6.0969		6.1190		6.4936
Period average RMB: US$ exchange rate		6.1956		6.1424		6.2272

Cash and cash equivalents

(e) Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash and restricted deposit

(f) Restricted cash and restricted deposit

Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale

(g) Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale

For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group did not recognize any impairment for real estate properties completed, under development and held for sale.

Revenue recognition

(h) Revenue recognition

Real estate sales are reported in accordance with the provisions of ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” and ASC 976, “Real Estate-Retail Land” .

Percentage-of-completion method

Revenue and profit from the sale of development properties is recognized by the percentage-of-completion method on the sale of individual units when the following conditions are met:

•

Construction is beyond a preliminary stage.

•

The buyer is committed to the extent of being unable to require a refund except for non-delivery of the unit.

•

Sufficient units have already been sold to assure that the entire property will not revert to rental property.

•

Sales prices are collectible.

•

Aggregate sales proceeds and costs can be reasonably estimated.

If any of the above criteria is not met, proceeds are accounted for as customer deposits until the criteria are met.

Any losses occurred or forecast to occur on real estate transactions are recognized in the period in which the loss is first anticipated.

Full accrual method

Accounts receivable

(i) Accounts receivable

Other receivables

(j) Other receivables

Deposits for land use rights

(k) Deposits for land use rights

Other deposits and prepayments

(l) Other deposits and prepayments

Other deposits and prepayments mainly consist of upfront cash payments made to third parties related to direct negotiation model in acquiring lands .

Advances to suppliers

(m) Advances to suppliers

Customer deposits

(n) Customer deposits

Notes payable and other payables

(o) Notes payable and other payables

Other payables consist of balances for non-construction costs with unrelated companies and individuals with which the Group has business relationships.

Real estate properties held for lease, net

(p) Real estate properties held for lease, net

Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged directly to expenses as incurred. Major additions and improvements to the real estate properties held for lease are capitalized.

For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group did not recognize any impairment for real estate properties held for lease.

Property and equipment, net

(q) Property and equipment, net

Aircraft		15 years
Vehicles		5 years
Furniture and fixtures		5 years

Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged directly to expense as incurred unless such expenditures extend the useful life or represent a betterment, in which case they are capitalized.

Long-term investments

(r) Long-term investments

The Group accounts for long-term investments as equity method investment and cost method investments as follows:

There was nil dividend received for the 2013, 2014 and 2015.

No impairment provision was provided for the Company's long-term investments for any of the periods presented.

Capitalized interest

(s) Capitalized interest

The Group capitalizes interest as a component of building construction costs in accordance with ASC 835, “Interest” (“ASC 835”).

As a result of the total interest costs capitalized during the period, the interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, was as follows:

	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
Amortization of issuance cost related to other long term debt		640,565			3,744,695			6,554,767
Accretion of discount arising from warrants on Guaranteed Senior Secured Note		288,220			-			-
Interest expense on corporate aircraft capital lease		778,032			2,896,977			2,617,000
Interest on borrowings		36,515,162			128,014,504			171,035,655

Total interest costs		38,221,979			134,656,176			180,207,422
Less: total interest costs capitalized		(21,359,447	)		(106,455,409	)		(159,926,006	)

Interest expense, net		16,862,532			28,200,767			20,281,416

Retirement benefits

(t) Retirement benefits

Distribution of earnings and reserve fund

(u) Distribution of earnings and reserve fund

Income taxes

(v) Income taxes

Land Appreciation Tax ("LAT")

(w) Land Appreciation Tax (“LAT”)

Comprehensive income

(x) Comprehensive income

Advertising and promotion expenses

(y) Advertising and promotion expenses

Leases

(z) Leases

All other leases are accounted for as operating leases wherein rental payments are expensed as incurred. Certain lease arrangements contain escalation clauses.

For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Group recorded operating lease expenses of US$7,613,448 (2013: US$3,694,591; 2014: US$6,031,670).

Property warranty

(aa) Property warranty

Earnings per share

(ab) Earnings per share

Treasury Shares

(ac) Treasury Shares

Senior Secured Notes

(ad) Senior Secured Notes

Onshore corporate bonds

Deferred charges

(ae) Deferred charges

Short-term investments

(af) Short-term investments

Asset acquisition and business combinations

(ag) Asset acquisition and business combinations

a. Input. Any economic resource that creates, or has the ability to create, outputs when one or more processes are applied to it.

b. Process. Any system, standard, protocol, convention, or rule that when applied to an input or inputs, creates or has the ability to create outputs.

Effect of change in estimate

(ah) Effect of change in estimate

Share-based compensation

(ai) Share-based compensation

Segment Reporting

(aj) Segment Reporting

Goodwill

(ak) Goodwill

In accordance with ASC 350, the Group assigned and assessed goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below the operating segment.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

(al) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Background information of business and organization (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Background information of business and organization [Abstract]

Schedule of Subsidiaries and its Consolidated Variable Interest Entities

Company Name

Registered Place and
Date of Incorporation

Paid-up
Capital

Percentage
of Equity
Directly
Attributable
to the Group

Principal Activities

Subsidiary companies:

Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd.

Cayman Islands
October 6, 2011

US$

500,000

100

Investment holding company

Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited.

Hong Kong
October 26, 2011

HK$

3,000,000

100

Investment holding company

XIN Development Group International Inc.

United States
November 10, 2011

US$

100

Investment holding company

Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. (“Xinyuan”)

Cayman Islands
January 27, 2006

US$

50,000,000

100

Investment holding company

South Glory International Ltd.

Hong Kong
January 17, 2001

HK$

10,000

100

Investment holding company

Victory Good Development Ltd.

Hong Kong
January 17, 2001

HK$

10,000

100

Investment holding company

Elite Quest Holdings Ltd.

Hong Kong
November 19, 2001

HK$

10,000

100

Investment holding company

XIN Irvine, LLC

United States
July 12, 2012

US$

50,000

100

Real estate development

Vista Sierra, LLC

United States
May 1, 2012

US$

100

Real estate development


XIN Development Management East, LLC	United States August 28, 2012	US$	1,000	100	%	Property management services

XIN NY Holding, LLC	United States August 29, 2012	US$	1,000	100	%	Investment holding company

421 Kent Development, LLC	United States August 29, 2012	US$	1,000	100	%	Real estate development

Xinyuan Sailing Co., Ltd.	Hong Kong June 21, 2013	HK$	3,000,000	100	%	Investment holding company

AWAN Plasma Sdn Bhd	Malaysia April 16, 2007	MYR	33,577,000	100	%	Real estate development

XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd	Malaysia July 9, 2014	MYR	33,217,000	100	%	Investment holding company

Xinyuan Internet Finance Co., Ltd.	Cayman Islands July 7, 2015	US$	50,000	100	%	Investment holding company

New Dawn International Ltd.	Cayman Islands July 7, 2015	US$	50,000	100	%	Investment holding company

New Legend International Ltd.	Cayman Islands July 7, 2015	US$	50,000	100	%	Investment holding company

NewPoint International Ltd.	Cayman Islands July 7, 2015	US$	50,000	100	%	Investment holding company

NewGrace International Ltd.	Cayman Islands July 7, 2015	US$	50,000	100	%	Investment holding company

China Online Finance Research Institute Limited	Hong Kong July 17, 2015	US$	1,000,000	100	%	Dormant

Genesis Ocean Investments Ltd.	Hong Kong August 19, 2015	HK$	100	100	%	Investment holding company

Honest View Development Ltd.	Hong Kong August 19, 2015	HK$	100	100	%	Investment holding company

Honour Triumph Enterprises Ltd.	Hong Kong August 19, 2015	HK$	100	100	%	Investment holding company

Well Poly Holdings Ltd.	Hong Kong August 19, 2015	HK$	100	100	%	Investment holding company

Zhengzhou Yasheng Construction Material Co., Ltd.	PRC October 22, 2013	US$	50,000,000	100	%	Sales of construction material

Zhengzhou Jiasheng Real Estate Co., Ltd	PRC December 2, 2013	US$	60,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Zhengzhou Yusheng Landscape Design Co., Ltd.	PRC December 25, 2013	US$	70,000,000	100	%	Landscaping engineering and management

Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. (“WFOE”)	PRC April 10, 2006	US$	307,000,000	100	%	Investment holding company

Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Henan Xinyuan”)	PRC May 19, 1997	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Qingdao Xinyuan Xiangrui Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC February 9, 2006	RMB	10,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Shandong Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Shandong Xinyuan”)	PRC June 2, 2006	RMB	300,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Xinyuan Property Service Co., Ltd.	PRC December 28, 1998	RMB	50,000,000	100	%	Property management services

Zhengzhou Mingyuan Landscape Engineering Co., Ltd.	PRC February 17, 2004	RMB	2,000,000	100	%	Landscaping engineering and management


Zhengzhou Xinyuan Computer Network Engineering Co., Ltd.	PRC May 26, 2004	RMB	2,000,000	100	%	Installation of intercom systems

Henan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Henan Wanzhuo”)	PRC December 29, 2011	RMB	20,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Suzhou Xinyuan Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. (“Suzhou Xinyuan”)	PRC November 24, 2006	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Anhui Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC December 7, 2006	RMB	50,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Kunshan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC January 31, 2008	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Xinyuan Real Estate (Chengdu) Co., Ltd.	PRC June 12, 2007	RMB	220,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Xuzhou Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC November 09, 2009	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Henan Xinyuan Jiye Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC November 15, 2009	RMB	50,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing Xinyuan Wanzhong Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Wanzhong”)	PRC March 4, 2008	RMB	900,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing Heju Management Consulting Service Co., Ltd.	PRC January 16, 2009	RMB	30,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Xinyuan Renju (Beijing) Asset Management Co., Ltd.	PRC January 16, 2009	RMB	30,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Zhengzhou Jiantou Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Jiantou Xinyuan”)	PRC June 13, 2005	RMB	10,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing Xinyuan Priority Real Estate Consulting Co., Ltd.	PRC March 8, 2012	RMB	30,000,000	100	%	Real estate consulting services

Henan Xinyuan Priority Commercial Management Co., Ltd.	PRC August 10, 2012	RMB	2,000,000	100	%	Leasing management services

Suzhou Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC September 20, 2012	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing Xinyuan Jiye Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC February 17, 2013	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Jiangsu Jiajing Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC March 28, 2005	RMB	150,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing XIN Media Co., Ltd.	PRC July 10, 2013	RMB	10,000,000	100	%	Culture and Media services

Xingyang Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC July 25, 2013	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

APEC Construction Investment (Beijing) Co., Ltd.	PRC August 1, 2013	RMB	100,000,000	100	%	Dormant

Beijing Xinxiang Huicheng Decoration Co., Ltd.	PRC October 18, 2013	RMB	10,000,000	100	%	Property decoration services

Xinrongji (Beijing) Investment Co., Ltd.	PRC December 25, 2013	RMB	100,000,000	100	%	Dormant

Sanya Beida Science and Technology Park Industrial Development Co., Ltd.	PRC January 10, 2014	RMB	200,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Chengdu Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC February 21, 2014	RMB	50,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.*	PRC May 27, 2014	RMB	100,000,000	80	%	Real estate development

Zhengzhou Hengsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC June 19, 2014	RMB	20,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing Xinyuan Xindo Park E-commerce Co., Ltd.	PRC August 12, 2014	RMB	202,000,000	100	%	Electronic commerce

Beijing Economy Cooperation Ruifeng Investment Co., Ltd.	PRC September 15, 2014	RMB	20,000,000	90	%	Real estate development

Tianjin Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC September 17, 2014	RMB	100,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Xi'an Xinyuan Metropolitan Business Management Co., Ltd.	PRC November 25, 2014	RMB	3,000,000	100	%	Property management services

Beijing Xinleju Technology Development Co., Ltd.	PRC December 24, 2014	RMB	10,000,000	100	%	Technical service

Changsha Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC April 3, 2014	RMB	100,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Junxin”)	PRC January 16, 2014	RMB	5,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Beijing Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd	PRC January 1, 2015	RMB	30,000,000	100	%	Retail store

Beijing Xinhe Investment Development Co.,Ltd	PRC May 5, 2015	RMB	5,000,000	100	%	Investment holding

Jinan Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd	PRC December 4, 2015	RMB	3,000,000	100	%	Retail store

Henan Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd	PRC March 23, 2015	RMB	10,000,000	100	%	Retail store

Henan Xinyuan Guangsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.	PRC July 27, 2015	RMB	40,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

Shanghai Hexinli Property Management Center (Limited partnership)	PRC July 28, 2015	RMB	100,000	100	%	Property management services

Shenzhen Xilefu Internet Financial Service Co., Ltd.	PRC June 12, 2015	RMB	5,000,000	100	%	Dormant

Shenzhen Xileju Technology Development Co., Ltd.	PRC June 4, 2015	RMB	5,000,000	100	%	Intelligent information system development

Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Marketing Co., Ltd.	PRC July 30, 2015	RMB	1,000,000	100	%	Real estate marketing

Shandong Xinyuan Renju Real Estate Co., Ltd. **	PRC November 19, 2011	RMB	50,000,000	100	%	Real estate development

VIEs:
Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Jinan Wanzhuo”)	PRC December 4, 2013	RMB	300,000,000	95	%	Real estate development

Henan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.("Henan Quansheng")	PRC January 14, 2015	RMB	40,000,000	90	%	Real estate development

Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Zhengzhou Shengdao”)	PRC October 14, 2013	RMB	20,000,000	80	%	Real estate development

*	Liquidated on December 9, 2015.
**	Acquired on March 1, 2015.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Summary of significant accounting policies [Abstract]

Schedule of Information Related to VIE's

	December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015
		US$	US$
Current assets		681,567,691		412,763,119
Non-current assets		2,268,129		7,469,208
Total assets		683,835,820		420,232,327

Current liabilities		537,233,210		262,759,976
Non-current liabilities		82,124,393		66,219,046

Total liabilities		619,357,603		328,979,022

	Year ended December 31, 2014			Year ended December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Revenue		25,715,106			168,108,983
Cost of revenue		(21,406,445	)		(125,707,809	)
Net (loss)/profit		(1,702,533	)		9,944,795
Net cash used in operating activities		(252,000,125	)		(4,601,835	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(799,144	)		(6,098,628	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		358,987,226			35,532,406

Schedule Of Foreign Currency Translation

	December 31, 2013		December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015

Year end RMB: US$ exchange rate		6.0969		6.1190		6.4936
Period average RMB: US$ exchange rate		6.1956		6.1424		6.2272

Schedule Of Useful Lives

Aircraft		15 years
Vehicles		5 years
Furniture and fixtures		5 years

Schedule Of Interest Expense

	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
Amortization of issuance cost related to other long term debt		640,565			3,744,695			6,554,767
Accretion of discount arising from warrants on Guaranteed Senior Secured Note		288,220			-			-
Interest expense on corporate aircraft capital lease		778,032			2,896,977			2,617,000
Interest on borrowings		36,515,162			128,014,504			171,035,655

Total interest costs		38,221,979			134,656,176			180,207,422
Less: total interest costs capitalized		(21,359,447	)		(106,455,409	)		(159,926,006	)

Interest expense, net		16,862,532			28,200,767			20,281,416

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of the significant judgments and assumptions made in determining whether a variable interest (as defined) held by the entity requires the variable interest entity (VIE) (as defined) to be consolidated and (or) disclose information about its involvement with the VIE, individually or in aggregate (as applicable); the nature of restrictions, if any, on the consolidated VIE's assets and on the settlement of its liabilities reported by an entity in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets and liabilities; the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with involvement in the VIE; how involvement with the VIE affects the entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows; the lack of recourse if creditors (or beneficial interest holders) of the consolidated VIE have no recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary (if applicable); the terms of arrangements, giving consideration to both explicit arrangements and implicit variable interests, if any, that could require the entity to provide financial support to the VIE, including events or circumstances that could expose the entity to a loss; the methodology used by the entity for determining whether or not it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity; the significant factors considered and judgments made in determining that the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance are shared (as defined); the carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities of the VIE included in the statement of financial position; the entity's maximum exposure to loss, if any, as a result of its involvement with the VIE, including how the maximum exposure is determined and significant sources of the entity's exposure to the VIE; a comparison of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities and the entity's maximum exposure to loss; information about any liquidity arrangements, guarantees, and (or) other commitments by third parties that may affect the fair value or risk of the entity's variable interest in the VIE; whether or not the entity has provided financial support or other support (explicitly or implicitly) to the VIE that it was not previously contractually required to provide or whether the entity intends to provide that support, including the type and amount of the support and the primary reasons for providing the support; and supplemental information the entity determines necessary to provide.

+ References + Details

Short-term investments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Short-term investments [Abstract]

Schedule of Short-term Investments

	December 31, 2014
			US$
	Aggregate fair value		Cost		Unrealized gain in profit and loss
Trading securities:
Equity securities		5,189,456		5,069,310		120,146
Money market instrument		819,021		817,134		1,887

Total		6,008,477		5,886,444		122,033

	December 31, 2015
			US$
	Aggregate fair value		Cost		Unrealized gain In profit and loss
Trading securities:
REITs		1,167,647		1,124,293		43,354
Money market instrument		76,999		70,910		6,089

Total		1,244,646		1,195,203		49,443

Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Real Estate Properties Development Completed, Under Development and Held For Sale

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Development completed:
Zhengzhou Royal Palace		2,267,171			-
Zhengzhou Century East A		7,907,556			4,775,131
Suzhou International City Garden		754,914			2,018,240
Hefei Wangjiang Garden		286,128			-
Jinan International City Garden		778,376			-
Suzhou Xin City		-			16,736,651
Kunshan International City Garden		314,854			546,537
Real estate properties development completed		12,308,999			24,076,559

Under development:
Current:
Jinan Xinyuan Splendid		95,433,442			40,847,827
Xuzhou Colorful City		57,957,843			54,157,809
Zhengzhou Xin City		122,025,858			46,165,101
Suzhou Xin City		73,916,667			-
Beijing Xindo Park		258,585,693			176,553,742
Kunshan Royal Palace		267,625,395			215,917,469
Suzhou Lake Royal Palace		233,846,400			267,569,547
Xingyang Splendid Phase I		44,991,390			32,010,140
Xingyang Splendid Phase II		35,341,974			43,311,674
Xingyang Splendid Phase III		22,910,650			23,896,026
Xingyang Splendid Phase IV		6,441,922			6,762,190
Zhengzhou Xindo Park (residential)		66,471,564			29,098,191
Zhengz hou Xindo Park (commercial)		41,827,678			73,294,372
Jinan Royal Palace		262,820,980			261,268,961
Sanya Yazhou Bay No.1		85,135,798			109,896,103
Shanghai Yipin Royal Palace		192,275,658			215,117,468
Changsha Xinyuan Splendid		151,442,473			194,444,916
Chengdu Thriving Family		222,716,181			258,173,028
Jinan Xin Central		-			163,174,394
Zhengzhou Fancy City		-			71,896,698
Tianjin Spring Royal Palace		-			65,583,961
Zhengzhou Xindo Park		-			39,117,259
Henan Xin Central I		-			127,696,203
XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd (“Malaysia project”) (Note 9)		9,642,365			8,165,745
New York Oosten		119,947,878			226,208,448
		2,371,357,809			2,750,327,272
Profit recognized		264,182,323			347,083,874
Less: progress billings (see Note 14)		(920,965,080	)		(1,210,089,345	)

Total real estate properties under development		1,714,575,052			1,887,321,801

Northern Nevada Land Portfolio		588,000			-
Lennox Project		597,217			-
Real estate properties held for sale		1,185,217			-

Total real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale		1,728,069,268			1,911,398,360

Real estate properties held for lease, net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Real estate properties held for lease, net [Abstract]

Schedule of Real Estate Properties Held for Lease, Net

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Elementary schools		3,485,673			3,284,593
Basement parking		1,979,104			10,181,887
Kindergartens		8,040,216			7,576,396
Parking facilities		19,238,109			18,128,308
Clubhouses		6,811,668			6,418,720
Shopping mall		40,322,338			38,499,378

Total costs		79,877,108			84,089,282

Accumulated depreciation		(10,653,360	)		(12,956,700	)

Real estate properties held for lease, net		69,223,748			71,132,582

Schedule Of Minimum Rental Receivables

Year	Amount
	US$
2016		9,950,598
2017		9,947,668
2018		9,969,725
2019		10,048,191
2020 and thereafter		150,781,495

Total		190,697,677

Property and equipment, net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Property and equipment, net [Abstract]

Schedule of Property and Equipment

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Corporate aircraft (Note 13)		43,184,212			40,693,020
Vehicles		4,919,955			4,636,135
Furniture and fixtures		6,914,706			7,044,387

Total		55,018,873			52,373,542

Accumulated depreciation		(8,543,148	)		(13,050,220	)

Property and equipment, net		46,475,725			39,323,322

Other long-term investment (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Other long-term investment [Abstract]

Schedule of Other Long-term Investment

Cost method investee	Initial Cost		Ownership			December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015
	US$					US$		US$
Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real estate development Co., Ltd.		30,865,904		80	%		-		30,865,904
Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd.		241,648		1.85	%		241,648		241,648

Acquisition of subsidiaries (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd. [Member]

Business Acquisition [Line Items]

Schedule of Business Acquisition

	US$

Cash consideration		(10,000,000	)
Cash and cash equivalents acquired		2,200
Net outflow of cash and cash equivalents		(9,997,800	)

	US$

Total purchase price		10,000,000

Net identifiable assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents		2,200
Land reclamation development		9, 740,000
Goodwill		278,300
Current liabilities		(20,500	)
Net assets acquired		10,000,000

Short-term bank loans and other debt (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Short-term bank loans and other debt [Abstract]

Schedule of Short-Term Loans

	December 31,		December 31,
	2014		2015
	US$		US$

Loan from China Fortune International Trust Co., Ltd.
Due February 25, 2015, at 11% per annum		40,856,349		-
		40,856,349		-

Loan from ICBC Credit Suisse Investment Management Co., Ltd.
Due April 3, 2015, at 11% per annum		24,513,809		-
		24,513,809		-

Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd
Due June 24, 2015, at 12.5% per annum		32,685,079		-
		32,685,079		-

Loan from Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd.
Due August 12, 2015, at 12% per annum*		65,370,159		-
		65,370,159		-

Loan from The Bank of East Asia
Due February 24, 2015, at 2.80% plus 3 month LIBOR**		14,971,245		-
Due February 25, 2015, at 2.60% plus 3 month LIBOR**		20,353,100		-
Due June 2, 2016, at 2.00% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		9,675,655
Due August 16, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		20,000,000
Due August 31, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		9,700,000
Due September 20, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		2,220,000
Due October 27, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		13,250,000
Due November 18, 2016, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		14,958,974
Due November 23, 2016, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR**		-		34,421,617
		35,324,345		104,226,246

Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch
Due May 17, 2015, at 2% plus 6 month LIBOR***		65,000,000		-
Due July 21, 2016, at 1.2% per annum***		-		30,000,000
Due September 26, 2016, at 1.55% per annum***		-		13,000,000
Due October 11, 2016, at 1.55% per annum***		-		20,000,000
		65,000,000		63,000,000

Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited ("ICBC (Asia)")
Due February 17, 2015, at 2.1% plus 3 month LIBOR****		20,000,000		-
Due March 2, 2015, at 2% plus 3 month LIBOR****		9,700,000		-
Due May 18, 2016, at 2% plus 3 month LIBOR****		-		10,000,000
Due October 5, 2016, at 1.6% plus 3 month LIBOR****		-		20,000,000
		29,700,000		30,000,000
Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Thai) Public Company Limited ("ICBC (Thai)")
Due September 21, 2016, at 1.7% plus 3 month LIBOR*****		-		25,000,000
		-		25,000,000

Total short-term bank loans and other debt		293,449,741		222,226,246

***

****

*****

Long-term bank loans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Schedule of Long-Term Bank Loans

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Loan from ICBC
Due July 20, 2016 at 5.25% per annum*		14,708,286			10,779,845
		14,708,286			10,779,845
Loan from Agricultural Bank of China
Due May 30, 2015, at 6.77% per annum**		3,268,508			-
Due June 30, 2015, at 6.77% per annum**		8,171,270			-
Due April 18, 2015, at 6.46% per annum**		8,171,270			-
Due November 18, 2015, at 6.46% per annum**		1,634,254			-
Due March 18, 2016, at 6.46% per annum**		8,171,270			-
Due May 18, 2016, at 5.78% per annum*		6,537,016			6,159,911
		35,953,588			6,159,911
Loan from China Guangfa Bank
Due June 20, 2015, at 7.07% per annum**		1,323,746			-
Due May 29, 2016, at 8.00% per annum*		11,439,778			3,233,953
Due December 23, 2017, at 8.4% per annum*		16,342,539			6,159,911
Due February 17, 2018, at 8.4% per annum*		-			30,799,556
		29,106,063			40,193,420
Loan from Bank of China
Due December 30, 2015, at 8.45% per annum**		32,685,079			-
Due January 8, 2016, at 8.45% per annum**		24,513,809			-
		57,198,888			-
Loan from China Construction Bank
Due January 23, 2017, at 5.70% per annum*		113,642,752			76,998,891
		113,642,752			76,998,891
Loan from Bank of Shanghai
Due April 30, 2017, at 9.10% per annum*		86,615,460			35,419,490
		86,615,460			35,419,490
Loan from The Bank of East Asia
Due April 27, 2018, at 6.18% per annum*		-			47,428,237
		-			47,428,237
Loan from Ping An Bank
Due March 20, 2018, at 9.25% per annum*		-			43,119,380
		-			43,119,380
Total		337,225,037			260,099,174

Less: current portion of long-term bank loans		(284,928,910	)		(246,239,374	)

Total long-term bank loans		52,296,127			13,859,800

These loans were paid in full during 2015.

Notes Payable to Banks [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Schedule of Maturities

Year	Amount
	US$
2016		20,173,709
2017		118,578,292
2018		121,347,173
Less: current portion of long-term bank loans		246,239,374
Total: long-term bank loans		13,859,800

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of long-debt instruments or arrangements, including identification, terms, features, collateral requirements and other information necessary to a fair presentation. These are debt arrangements that originally required repayment more than twelve months after issuance or greater than the normal operating cycle of the entity, if longer.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21475-112644

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 470
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6479336&loc=d3e64711-112823

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(e),(f))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 55
-Paragraph 8
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=34725769&loc=d3e28878-108400

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21538-112644

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21506-112644

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1A
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6451184&loc=d3e28541-108399

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6451184&loc=d3e28551-108399

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21521-112644

+ Details

Other long-term debt (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Other Long-term Debt

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due on May 3, 2018 at 13.25%		200,000,000			190,519,754
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due on June 6, 2019 at 13%		200,000,000			200,000,000
Corporate bonds due in December 28, 2020 at 7.5%		-			152,962,917
Shandong Xinyuan collateralized debt due on November 28, 2015 at 12.3%*		33,885,787			-
Henan Wanzhuo collateralized debt due on November 28, 2015 at 12.41%*		34,688,992			-
Collateralized loan due on April 3, 2016 at 11%		40,807,321			38,453,246
Collateralized loan due on December 23, 2017 at 11%		81,312,306			61,221,818
Collateralized loan due on July 9, 2017 at 9%		65,370,159			54,484,415
Collateralized loan due on December 31, 2016 at 12.5%		1,650,597			69,129,605
Collateralized loan due on June 30, 2017 at 12.5%		-			3,079,956
Collateralized loan due on March 31, 2017 at 11%		-			38,499,446
Collateralized loan due on November 20, 2016 at 12.5%		-			46,199,335
Collateralized loan due on June 30, 2017 at 11.8%		-			17,709,745
Collateralized loan due on July 15, 2017 at 11.8%		-			14,583,590
Collateralized loan due on June 25, 2017 at 12%*******		-			69,299,002
Collateralized loan due on September 17, 2017 at 9%		-			10,779,844

Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on June 25, 2016 at 11.5%**		81,312,306			-
Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on June 30, 2016 at 11.24%***		111,946,394			28,489,590
Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on March 13, 2017 at 10.98%****		-			81,002,834
Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on May 13, 2017 at 11%*****		-			35,881,483
Fortress Credit Co. LLC loan due on June 9, 2017 at 7.25% plus LIBOR******		25,668,594			96,306,200
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on January 23, 2020 at 5.95% ********		-			10,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on April 30, 2020 at 5.95% ********		-			5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on June 25, 2020 at 5.95% ********		-			5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 4, 2020 at 5.95% ********		-			5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 20, 2020 at 5.95%********		-			5,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on October 1, 2020 at 5.95% ********		-			10,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on November 23, 2020 at 5.95% ********		-			10,000,000
Others		750,988			-

Total principal of other long-term debt		877,393,444			1,258,602,780
Accrued interest		723,382			-

Total		878,116,826			1,258,602,780
Less: current portion of other long-term debt		(301,912,335	)		(348,594,822	)

Total other long-term debt		576,204,491			910,007,958

***

****

*****

******

*******	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping An Trust Co., Ltd., this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 100% equity interest of Shandong Renju.

********	Pursuant to the agreements with Kent EB-5 LLC entered into on September 23, 2014, this other long-term debt amounting to US$50 million in total, is denominated in US$ with mature dates vary from January 23, 2020 to November 23, 2020.

Other Long-Term Debt [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Schedule of Maturities of Long-term Debt [Table Text Block]

Year	Amount
	US$
2016		182,271,775
2017		482,848,334
2018		190,519,754
2019		200,000,000
2020 and thereafter		202,962,917
Less: current portion of other long term debt		348,594,822
Total: Other long-term debt		910,007,958

Corporate aircraft capital lease (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Capital Lease Obligations [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Schedule of Long-Term Debt

	December 31, 2015
	US$
Capital lease obligations, net of current maturities		18,111,007
Current maturities of capital lease obligations		3,065,612
Total capital lease obligations		21,176,619

Customer deposits (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Customer deposits [Abstract]

Customer deposits

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Advances for real estate properties under development		1,021,782,194			1,255,600,108
Add: increase in revenue recognized in excess of amounts received from customers		6,346,284			18,940,748
Less: recognized as progress billings (see Note 4)		(920,965,080	)		(1,210,089,345	)

Total net balance		107,163,398			64,451,511

Income taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Income taxes [Abstract]

Schedule of Income before Income Tax Expenses

	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
PRC		246,985,362			112,781,760			154,833,605
Non PRC		(36,969,248	)		(33,727,777	)		(35,840,702	)

Total		210,016,114			79,053,983			118,992,903

Schedule of Income Tax Expense

	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
Current:
CIT tax expense		68,625,597			20,791,855			48,523,618
Land Appreciation Tax (“LAT”) expense		36,727,785			(3,771,248	)		23,223,407
Deferred tax (benefit)/expense		(21,693,532	)		13,537,011			(19,235,707	)

Income tax expense		83,659,850			30,557,618			52,511,318

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
CIT at rate of 25%		52,504,028			19,763,496			29,748,226
Tax effect of non-deductible expenses		3,490,593			6,535,308			2,028,153
Unrecognized tax benefits		5,465,293			(8,628,537	)		(6,354,200	)
LAT expense		36,727,785			(3,771,248	)		23,223,407
CIT benefit of LAT		(9,171,919	)		942,812			(5,805,852	)
Changes in valuation allowance		-			-			4,274,501
International rate difference		9,089,244			10,681,232			6,075,360
Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries		3,500,000			440,464			3,675,156
Adjustment of estimated income tax accruals		(18,059,102	)		3,953,417			(4,412,050	)
Others		113,928			640,674			58,617
Actual income tax expense		83,659,850			30,557,618			52,511,318

Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
Balance at January 1		8,842,239			16,313,513			14,005,004
Additions for tax positions of current year		16,313,513			6,400,006			11,592,738
Movement in current year due to foreign exchange rate fluctuation		-			(79,978	)		(313,640	)
Reductions for tax positions of prior years		-			(4,125,703	)		(3,669,272)
Lapse of stature of limitations		(8,842,239	)		(4,502,834	)		(3,772,547	)

Balance at December 31		16,313,513			14,005,004			17,842,283

Schedule of Deferred Tax Asset/Liability

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Current deferred tax assets:
Tax loss carried forward		4,947,176			9,858,503
Accruals and provisions		5,554,948			6,269,775
Deemed interest income		3,276,136			14,868,874
Unrealized profit at consolidation		-			2,946,297
Allowance for deferred tax assets		-			(4,274,501)

Total current deferred tax assets		13,778,260			29,668,948

Current deferred tax liabilities:
Revenue recognized based on percentage of completion		(31,868,998	)		(38,623,934	)
Real estate properties accelerated cost deduction		(1,360,518	)		(1,282,034	)
Taxable temporary differences arising from business combinations and asset acquisitions		(71,705,371	)		(47,409,723	)
Others		(45,532	)		(45,532)

Total current deferred tax liabilities		(104,980,419	)		(87,361,223	)

Net current deferred tax liabilities		(91,202,159	)		(57,692,275	)

	December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015
	US$			US$
Long-term deferred tax assets:
Tax loss carried forward		2,727,890			5,553,093
Revenue recognition of real estate lease income on a straight-line basis		8,767,201			8,955,776
Others		2,146,517			979,688

Total long-term deferred tax assets		13,641,608			15,488,557

Long-term deferred tax liabilities:
Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries		(9,825,083	)		(13,500,239	)

Total long-term deferred tax liabilities		(9,825,083	)		(13,500,239	)

Net long-term deferred tax assets		3,816,525			1,988,318

Share-based compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Schedule of Assumptions Used to Estimate Fair Value of Stock Option Award Using Black-Scholes Valuation Model

	Options Granted in 2013 Under the 2007 Plan		Options Granted in 2014 Under the 2007 Plan		Options Granted in 2015 Under the 2007 Plan		Options Granted in 2015 Under the 2015 Plan
Average risk-free rate of return	1.43	%	2.5	%	1.82-1.92	%	1.57-1.92	%
Expected term	6 Years		5-6 Years		6 Years		6 Years
Volatility rate	55.7	%	40.5-41.4	%	46.3-55.2	%	55.0-55.9	%
Dividend yield	5	%	5	%	5	%	5	%

The Plan [Member]

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Summary of Stock Option Activity Under Stock Option and Incentive Plans

Options under the Plan	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, January 1, 2015
2.50 (exercise price)		560,594		2.5		2.58		-
0.0001 (exercise price)		23,800		0.0001		2.58		28,082

Granted to employee		-		-		-		-
Exercised		-		-		-		-
Expired		-		-		-		-
Forfeited/Cancelled
2.50 (exercise price)		3,298		2.5		-		-

Outstanding, December 31, 2015
2.50 (exercise price)		557,396		2.5		1.58		-
0.0001 (exercise price)		23,800		0.0001		1.58		43,909

Exercisable as at December 31, 2015
2.50 (exercise price)		557,396		2.5		1.58		-
0.0001 (exercise price)		23,800		0.0001		1.58		43,909

2007 Plan [Member]

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Summary of Stock Option Activity Under Stock Option and Incentive Plans

Options Under the 2007 Plan	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value

Outstanding, January 1, 2015
7.0 (exercise price)		792,056		7.00		2.83		-
2.975 (exercise price)		180,000		2.975		3.50		-
1.87 (exercise price)		93,334		1.87		4.25		-
1.21 (exercise price)		860,000		1.21		5.95		-
1.085 (exercise price)		100,000		1.085		6.50		9,500
1.64 (exercise price)		300,000		1.64		7.87		-
1.595 (exercise price)		200,000		1.595		7.87		-
2.105 (exercise price)		600,000		2.105		8.50		-
2.86 (exercise price)		600,000		2.86		8.67		-
2.045 (exercise price)		600,000		2.045		9.48		-
1.21 (exercise price)		907,000		1.21		9.50		-

Granted
1.255(exercise price)		200,000		1.255		9.16		118,000
1.605(exercise price)		600,000		1.605		9.27		144,000
1.71(exercise price)		1,200,000		1.710		9.50		162,000
1.39(exercise price)		200,000		1.390		9.75		91,000
1.81(exercise price)		200,000		1.810		9.85		7,000

Exercised
1.21 (exercise price)		6,000		1.21		-		2,400
1.21 (exercise price)		17,000		1.21		-		6,800
1.21 (exercise price)		2,000		1.21		-		634
1.21 (exercise price)		4,000		1.21		-		1,220
1.21 (exercise price)		2,000		1.21		-		817
1.21 (exercise price)		5,000		1.21		-		1,999
1.21 (exercise price)		4,000		1.21		-		1,553

Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)
2.045 (exercise price)		600,000		2.045		-		-
1.21 (exercise price)		100,000		1.21		-		-
1.64 (exercise price)		100,000		1.64		-		-
1.595 (exercise price)		200,000		1.595		-		-

Outstanding, December 31, 2015

7.0 (exercise price)		792,056		7.00		1.83		-
2.975 (exercise price)		180,000		2.975		2.50		-
1.87 (exercise price)		93,334		1.87		3.25		-
1.21 (exercise price)		754,000		1.21		4.95		478,790
1.085 (exercise price)		100,000		1.085		5.50		76,000
1.64 (exercise price)		200,000		1.64		6.87		41,000
1.595 (exercise price)		-		1.60		6.87		-
2.105 (exercise price)		600,000		2.105		7.50		-
2.86 (exercise price)		600,000		2.86		7.67		-
2.045 (exercise price)		-		2.045		8.48		-
1.21 (exercise price)		873,000		1.21		8.50		554,355
1.255(exercise price)		200,000		1.255		9.16		118,000
1.605(exercise price)		600,000		1.605		9.27		144,000
1.71(exercise price)		1,200,000		1.71		9.50		162,000
1.39(exercise price)		200,000		1.39		9.75		91,000
1.81(exercise price)		200,000		1.81		9.85		7,000

Exercisable as at December 31, 2015

7.0 (exercise price)		792,056		7.00		1.83		-
2.975 (exercise price)		180,000		2.98		2.50		-
1.87 (exercise price)		93,334		1.87		3.25		-
1.21 (exercise price)		754,000		1.21		4.95		478,790
1.085 (exercise price)		100,000		1.09		5.50		76,000
1.64 (exercise price)		200,000		1.64		6.87		41,000
2.105 (exercise price)		400,000		2.11		7.50		-
2.86 (exercise price)		400,000		2.86		7.67		-
1.21 (exercise price)		873,000		1.21		8.50		554,355
1.255(exercise price)		132,000		1.26		9.16		77,880

2015 Plan [Member]

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Summary of Stock Option Activity Under Stock Option and Incentive Plans

Options Under the 2015 Plan	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value

Granted
1.71(exercise price)		81,600		1.71		9.58		11,016
1.71(exercise price)		6,574,600		1.71		9.50		887,571

Outstanding, December 31, 2015
1.71(exercise price)		81,600		1.71		9.58		11,016
1.71(exercise price)		6,574,600		1.71		9.50		887,571

Other payables and accrued liabilities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Other payables and accrued liabilities [Abstract]

Schedule of Other Payables and Accrued Liabilities

	December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015
	US$		US$
Contract deposit		22,484,500		31,740,289
Accrued expense		19,893,141		22,170,906
Deed tax and maintenance fund withheld for customers		266,382		13,318,504
Bidding deposit		1,698,002		1,881,217
Welfare payable		1,697,794		1,590,932
Other tax payable		8,606,598		701,721
Accrued aircraft operating expense		752,574		8,445,279
Accrued interest expense		11,582,212		14,178,760
Others		7,106,887		12,098,761

Total		74,088,090		106,126,369

Related party and Employee transactions (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Schedule of Related Party Transactions

	December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015
	US$		US$
Shaanxi Zhongmao Economy Development Co., Ltd.		125,374,349		45,072,727
Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real estate development Co., Ltd.		-		10,816,284
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd		-		2,741,161

		125,374,349		58,630,172

December 31,

2014

December 31,

2015

US$

Advances to employees

50,057

350,919

Earnings per share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Earnings per share [Abstract]

Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

	December 31,
	2013		2014		2015
	US$		US$		US$
Numerator:
Net income		126,356,264		48,515,730		66,482,107
Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders – basic		126,356,264		48,515,730		66,482,107
Interest expense associated with the Convertible Note		798,984		2,690,572		-
Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders – diluted		127,155,248		51,206,302		66,482,107
Denominator:
Number of shares outstanding, basic*		145,733,028		151,935,765		142,625,427
Convertible Note (Note 12)		2,038,808		24,561,789		-
Stock options		1,692,720		620,681		348,603
Restricted stock units		-		-		3,513,919

Number of shares outstanding-diluted		149,464,556		177,118,235		146,487,949

Basic earnings per share		0.87		0.32		0.47

Diluted earnings per share		0.85		0.29		0.45

Segment reporting (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Summary of Information by Segment

December 31, 2013	Henan			Shandong			Jiangsu			Anhui			Sichuan			Beijing			United States			Others			Consolidated
	US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$

Net real estate sales		378,087,120			290,511,011			186,224,891			-			13,489,121			-			6,614,490			-			874,926,633
Real estate lease income		2,098,415			196,596			576,457			-			-			-			-			3,118,298			5,989,766
Other revenue		242,368			84,040			479,202			-			183,026			-			15,520			15,817,501			16,821,657

Total revenue		380,427,903			290,791,647			187,280,550			-			13,672,147			-			6,630,010			18,935,799			897,738,056
Cost of real estate sales		(225,443,661	)		(220,570,567	)		(135,087,692	)		-			(3,107,736	)		-			(6,002,345	)		(723,634	)		(590,935,635	)
Cost of real estate lease income		(1,602,225	)		(129,059	)		(323,012	)		-			-			-			-			458,065			(1,596,231	)
Other costs		3,553,561			(512	)		3,359,189			-			(56,418	)		-			(550	)		(13,063,594	)		(6,208,324	)

Total cost of revenue		(223,492,325	)		(220,700,138	)		(132,051,515	)		-			(3,164,154	)		-			(6,002,895	)		(13,329,163	)		(598,740,190	)
Gross profit		156,935,578			70,091,509			55,229,035			-			10,507,993			-			627,115			5,606,636			298,997,866
Operating expenses		(39,956,831	)		(6,925,944	)		(11,766,051	)		(12,908	)		(936,011	)		(6,670,853	)		(1,359,841	)		(17,594,048	)		(85,222,487	)

Operating income/(loss)		116,978,747			63,165,565			43,462,984			(12,908	)		9,571,982			(6,670,853	)		(732,726	)		(11,987,412	)		213,775,379
Interest income		9,121,573			749,616			216,008			129			11,819			736,400			3,098			842,844			11,681,487

Interest expense		(778,032	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			(16,084,500	)		(16,862,532	)
Share of loss in an equity investee		(117,188	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			(117,188	)
Other operating income/expense		-			-			-			-			-			1,538,968			-			-			1,538,968
Income/(loss) before income taxes		125,205,100			63,915,181			43,678,992			(12,779	)		9,583,801			(4,395,485	)		(729,628	)		(27,229,068	)		210,016,114
Income tax (expense)/benefit		(46,673,642	)		(13,936,301	)		(16,640,499	)		(40,107	)		(2,749,642	)		1,212,316			(44,335	)		(4,787,640	)		(83,659,850	)

Net income/(loss)		78,531,458			49,978,880			27,038,493			(52,886	)		6,834,159			(3,183,169	)		(773,963	)		(32,016,708	)		126,356,264

Depreciation and amortization		1,903,564			147,053			548,699			52,166			3,652			311,673			174			170,141			3,137,122
Capital expenditure		6,672,173			184,084			91,784,366			-			-			936,906			116,597			405,009			100,099,135
Equity investment		5,967,905			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			5,967,905
Real estate properties held for sale		-			-			-			-			-			-			5,524,041			-			5,524,041
Real estate properties development completed		665,410			555,797			19,244,890			287,165			507,026			-			-			-			21,260,288
Real estate properties under development		190,143,709			37,201,975			441,295,792			-			-			198,205,122			65,672,108			-			932,518,706
Real estate properties held for lease		48,011,607			3,602,956			7,712,857			846,903			-			-			-			235,858			60,410,181

Total long-lived assets		106,014,797			4,694,369			12,200,324			847,318			1,649,862			1,664,134			113,296			10,387,542			137,571,642
Total assets		928,034,862			314,799,152			482,414,252			9,494,401			88,642,444			184,288,291			6,530,771			367,895,419			2,382,099,592

December 31, 2014	Henan			Shandong			Jiangsu			Sichuan			Beijing			Hainan			Hunan			Shanghai			United States			Others			Consolidated
	US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$
Net real estate sales		310,236,873			192,437,765			175,960,358			9,912,254			188,579,891			6,526,065			4,109,978			-			4,921,331			141,377			892,825,892
Real estate lease income		2,991,909			218,320			651			-			-			-			-			-			-			1,725,306			4,936,186
Other revenue		110,500			110,166			57,357			29,585			11,717			391			244			-			-			21,665,635			21,985,595

Total revenue		313,339,282			192,766,251			176,018,366			9,941,839			188,591,608			6,526,456			4,110,222			-			4,921,331			23,532,318			919,747,673
Cost of real estate sales		(210,789,926	)		(146,862,778	)		(138,838,903	)		(9,125,435	)		(133,519,235	)		(4,137,467	)		(3,632,997	)		-			(4,643,722	)		977,293			(650,573,170	)
Cost of real estate lease income		(2,574,534	)		29,388			(575,529	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			(52,540	)		(3,173,215	)
Other costs		(1,804,955	)		(1,303,518	)		(391,538	)		(16,975	)		(364,326	)		(17	)		(32,560	)		-			-			(19,921,843	)		(23,835,732	)

Total cost of revenue		(215,169,415	)		(148,136,908	)		(139,805,970	)		(9,142,410	)		(133,883,561	)		(4,137,484	)		(3,665,557	)		-			(4,643,722	)		(18,997,090	)		(677,582,117	)
Gross profit		98,169,867			44,629,343			36,212,396			799,429			54,708,047			2,388,972			444,665			-			277,609			4,535,228			242,165,556
Operating expenses		(58,981,130	)		(8,891,116	)		(12,928,183	)		(3,229,614	)		(27,689,927	)		(3,855,809	)		(3,234,163	)		(2,353,439	)		(5,783,635	)		(18,169,045	)		(145,116,061	)

Operating income/(loss)		39,188,737			35,738,227			23,284,213			(2,430,185	)		27,018,120			(1,466,837	)		(2,789,498	)		(2,353,439	)		(5,506,026	)		(13,633,817	)		97,049,495
Interest income		10,797,806			903,353			471,254			8,312			375,674			4,974			16,913			9,647			-			1,989,389			14,577,322
Interest expense		(471,635	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			(27,729,132	)		(28,200,767	)
Net realized gain on short-term investments		3,128,014			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			3,128,014
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee		(1,691,897	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			(1,691,897	)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			(9,848,931	)		(9,848,931	)
Exchange gains		706,108			-						-			-			-			-			-			-			-			706,108
Unrealized income on short-term investments		120,146			-			-			-			1,887			-			-			-			-			-			122,033
Other income		-			3,212,606			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			3,212,606

Income/(loss) before income taxes		51,777,279			39,854,186			23,755,467			(2,421,873	)		27,395,681			(1,461,863	)		(2,772,585	)		(2,343,792	)		(5,506,026	)		(49,222,491	)		79,053,983
Income tax benefit/(expense)		1,897,892			(9,997,111	)		(3,452,056	)		681,784			(18,646,689	)		(737,457	)		(543,422	)		(505,771	)		2,243,056			(1,497,844	)		(30,557,618	)

Net income/(loss)		53,675,171			29,857,075			20,303,411			(1,740,089	)		8,748,992			(2,199,320	)		(3,316,007	)		(2,849,563	)		(3,262,970	)		(50,720,335	)		48,496,365

Depreciation and amortization		5,056,099			255,701			684,087			38,685			446,531			95,456			24,944			35,727			147,349			213,543			6,998,122
Capital expenditure		6,317,246			187,745			175,551			296,976			57,767			698,842			242,276			371,198			10,130,497			217,835			18,695,933
Real estate properties development for sale		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			1,185,217			-			1,185,217
Real estate properties development completed		10,174,728			778,376			1,069,768			-			-			-			-			-			-			286,127			12,308,999
Real estate properties under development		122,442,706			230,512,631			476,026,887			213,243,863			124,555,677			80,188,420			145,738,966			192,275,659			119,947,878			9,642,365			1,714,575,052
Real estate properties held for lease		45,892,107			5,053,480			17,464,831			-			-			-			-			-			-			813,330			69,223,748

Total long-lived assets		91,997,422			7,323,161			23,139,244			10,904,402			3,896,449			690,086			528,484			761,721			11,488,178			10,338,428			161,067,575
Total assets		868,110,770			501,351,668			642,378,579			125,561,644			427,431,672			52,944,306			99,029,288			197,356,138			36,990,997			280,371,172			3,231,526,234

December 31, 2015	Henan			Shandong			Jiangsu			Sichuan			Beijing			Hainan			Hunan			Shanghai			Tianjin			United States			Others			Consolidated
	US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$			US$
Net real estate sales		251,681,188			186,222,554			371,469,943			36,372,298			166,775,534			3,534,278			42,191,276			70,058,447			4,631,258			1,530,000			-			1,134,466,776
Real estate lease income		4,484,591			202,892			-			-			-			-			-			-						-			1,885,780			6,573,263
Other revenue		1,396,463			30,659			308,026			80,142			318,271			8,157			2,332			-			1,333			-			21,138,576			23,283,959

Total revenue		257,562,242			186,456,105			371,777,969			36,452,440			167,093,805			3,542,435			42,193,608			70,058,447			4,632,591			1,530,000			23,024,356			1,164,323,998
Cost of real estate sales		(160,197,316	)		(149,867,847	)		(305,417,991	)		(32,313,894	)		(118,868,527	)		(2,337,677	)		(30,095,959	)		(62,366,015	)		(3,534,525)			(1,243,112	)		-			(866,242,863	)
Cost of real estate lease income		(2,202,367	)		(285,974	)		(1,416,157	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			(51,824	)		(3,956,322	)
Other costs		160,449			(376,070	)		(641,646	)		(3,615	)		(835,555	)		(324	)		-			-			(8,424	)		-			(19,429,522	)		(21,134,707	)

Total cost of revenue		(162,239,234	)		(150,529,891	)		(307,475,794	)		(32,317,509	)		(119,704,082	)		(2,338,001	)		(30,095,959	)		(62,366,015	)		(3,542,949)			(1,243,112	)		(19,481,346	)		(891,333,892	)
Gross profit		95,323,008			35,926,214			64,302,175			4,134,931			47,389,723			1,204,434			12,097,649			7,692,432			1,089,642			286,888			3,543,010			272,990,106
Operating expenses		(51,882,922	)		(13,528,548	)		(15,826,805	)		(3,672,935	)		(32,178,776	)		(6,617,557	)		(5,090,601	)		(4,346,174	)		(10,002,768	)		(4,971,109	)		(19,336,890	)		(167,455,085	)

Operating income/(loss)		43,440,086			22,397,666			48,475,370			461,996			15,210,947			(5,413,123	)		7,007,048			3,346,258			(8,913,126	)		(4,684,221	)		(15,793,880	)		105,535,021
Interest income		23,284,854			237,687			442,560			18,752			331,042			3,968			45,592			134,580			2,966			-			1,735			24,503,736
Interest expense		21,612,239			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			17,587,083			(59,480,738	)		(20,281,416	)
Net realized gain on short-term investments		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			603,078			603,078
Share of income in an equity investee		2,234,635			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			2,234,635
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-
Exchange gains		403,286			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			403,286
Unrealized income on short-term investments		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			49,443			49,443
Other income		-			-			-			-			-			4,677,244			-			-			-			2,950			1,264,926			5,945,120

Income/(loss) before income taxes		90,975,100			22,635,353			48,917,930			480,748			15,541,989			(731,911	)		7,052,640			3,480,838			(8,910,160	)		12,905,812			(73,355,436	)		118,992,903
Income tax benefit /(expense)		(16,234,099	)		(9,901,175	)		(32,061	)		(1,344,687	)		(13,479,368	)		163,491			(5,634,909	)		(1,259,900	)		1,739,065			2,825,203			(9,352,878	)		(52,511,318	)

Net income/(loss)		74,741,001			12,734,178			48,885,869			(863,939	)		2,062,621			(568,420	)		1,417,731			2,220,938			(7,171,095	)		15,731,015			(82,708,314	)		66,481,585

Depreciation and amortization		5,569,343			400,733			1,542,209			64,082			515,150			208,486			76,304			83,175			3,839			50,985			237,358			8,751,664
Capital expenditure		4,249,718			172,853			31,524			-			33,952,563			127,550			146,074			-			52,401			136,065			256,824			39,125,572
Real estate properties development for sale		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-
Real estate properties development completed		4,775,131			-			19,301,428			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			24,076,559
Real estate properties under development		313,105,983			275,709,393			307,172,930			223,653,822			62,561,492			101,059,710			157,166,855			155,309,860			57,207,564			226,208,448			8,165,744			1,887,321,801
Real estate properties held for lease		42,511,937			4,487,714			23,416,217			-			-			-			-			-						-			716,714			71,132,582

Total long-lived assets		221,202,024			6,683,031			27,947,425			9,036,881			6,958,865			553,186			468,620			391,481			751,519			13,009,709			11,420,981			298,423,722
Total assets		1,064,084,941			457,041,948			655,880,819			206,485,216			346,527,256			135,047,439			110,988,357			128,502,762			19,201,186			166,888,356			270,739,159			3,561,387,439

Commitments and contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Commitments and contingencies [Abstract]

Schedule of Future Minimum Payments Under Operating Leases

	Amount
	US$
2016		3,113,503
2017		1,732,005
2018		1,326,668
2019		781,985
2020		562,477
2021 and thereafter		143,218

Total		7,659,856

Schedule of Capital Lease Obligations

	Amount
	US$
2016		5,106,207
2017		5,106,207
2018		5,106,207
2019		5,106,207
2020 and thereafter		7,659,311
Total minimum lease payments		28,084,139
Less interest		(6,907,520	)
Capital lease obligations		21,176,619
Less current maturities of capital lease obligations		(3,065,612	)
Long-term capital lease obligations		18,111,007

Schedule of Outstanding Commitments

	Amount
	US$
2016		237,174,797
2017		154,945,910
2018		35,408,090
2019		34,442,583
2020 and thereafter		-

Total		461,971,380

Accumulated other comprehensive income (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Accumulated other comprehensive income [Abstract]

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

	Foreign currency translation adjustments
	US$
Balance as of January 1, 2012		79,859,172
Other comprehensive income		2,140,848
Balance as of December 31, 2012		82,000,020
Other comprehensive income		25,910,940
Balance as of December 31, 2013		107,910,960
Other comprehensive loss		(3,353,952	)
Balance as of December 31, 2014		104,557,008
Other comprehensive loss		(73,605,171	)
Balance as of December 31, 2015		30,951,837

Non-controlling interests (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Non-controlling interests [Abstract]

Schedule of non-controlling interests

	Ownership			December 31, 2014		December 31, 2015
				US$		US$
Beijing Economy Cooperation Ruifeng Investment Co., Ltd.		10	%		19,392		18,819
Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.		20	%		48		-

Condensed financial information of the Company (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Condensed financial information of the Company [Abstract]

Condensed Balance Sheet

	Year ended December 31
	2014			2015
	US$			US$

ASSETS

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents		4,392,766			1,295,835
Other deposits and prepayments		1,774,032			2,389,045
Other current assets		233,474			28
Due from subsidiaries		585,756,827			592,565,997
Total current assets		592,157,099			596,250,905

Other assets		-			-
Deferred charges		7,428,245			8,154,290
Investments in subsidiaries		900,701,691			962,901,445

TOTAL ASSETS		1,500,287,035			1,567,306,640

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

Current liabilities
Short-term bank loan		130,024,345			222,226,246
PRC income tax payable		13,388			13,388
PRC other tax payable		902,190			902,190
Other payable and accrued liabilities		8,715,979			8,194,395
Payroll and welfare payables		-			-
Other long-term debt due within one year		-			-

Total current liabilities		139,655,902			231,336,219

Other long-term debt		400,000,000			400,000,000

Total liabilities		539,655,902			631,336,219

Shareholders' equity
Common shares, $0.0001 par value:
Authorized-500,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding-144,879,900 shares for 2015 (2014: 147,019,802 shares)		15,831			15,835
Treasury shares		(20,696,268	)		(24,045,440	)
Additional paid-in capital		530,670,112			531,233,336
Retained earnings		450,641,458			428,766,690

Total shareholders' equity		960,631,133			935,970,421

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY		1,500,287,035			1,567,306,640

Condensed Statement of Operations

	Year ended December 31
	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
Sales tax		-			-			-

General and administrative expenses		(16,494,847	)		(8,860,382	)		(10,301,067	)

Operating loss		(16,494,847	)		(8,860,382	)		(10,301,067	)
Interest expense		(24,635,780	)		(58,515,706	)		(58,576,635	)
Interest income		749,408			1,289,907			3,533
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			(9,848,931	)		-
Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net		166,737,483			124,450,842			135,356,276

Income from operations before income taxes		126,356,264			48,515,730			66,482,107
Income taxes		-			-			-

Net income attributable to common shareholders		126,356,264			48,515,730			66,482,107

Other comprehensive income, net of tax of nil
Foreign currency translation adjustments		25,910,940			(3,353,952	)		(73,605,171	)

Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to shareholders		152,267,204			45,161,778			(7,123,064	)

Condensed Statement of Cash Flows

	Year ended December 31
	2013			2014			2015
	US$			US$			US$
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income		126,356,264			48,515,730			66,482,107
Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net		(166,737,483	)		(124,450,842	)		(135,356,276	)
Accretion of long-term debt		288,220			-			-
Stock based compensation expense		160,549			1,912,471			3,326,175
Amortization of deferred financing cost		640,565			1,620,695			2,378,767
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			9,848,931			-
Other deposits and prepayments		(12,690,088	)		10,916,056			(615,013	)
Other current assets		(278,908	)		45,434			233,446
Other assets		98,294			-			-
Other payable and accrued liabilities		8,081,370			(737,739	)		(521,582	)
Payroll and welfare payables		5,149,011			(5,149,011	)		-
Accrued interest		(1,352,000	)		-			-

Net cash used in operating activities		(40,284,206	)		(57,478,275	)		(64,072,376	)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Changes in due from a subsidiary		(150,361,777	)		(140,334,182	)		(6,809,170	)
Proceeds from short-term bank loans		45,000,000			130,024,345			207,805,203
Repayments of short-term bank loans		(70,000,000	)		(35,000,000	)		(115,603,302	)
Proceeds from other long-term debts		475,761,009			-			-
Repayment of other long-term debts		(40,000,000	)		(75,761,009	)		-
Issuance of treasury shares		32,792,232			-			-
Purchase of treasury shares		(5,767,160	)		(17,610,787	)		(3,349,172	)
Dividends to shareholders		(14,724,740	)		(15,288,919	)		(14,751,704	)
Deferred charges		(9,585,309	)		-			(3,104,812	)
Purchase of shares under RSU plan		-			(7,042,725	)		(3,259,998	)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			(9,848,931	)		-
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		5,060,918			1,080,530			48,400

Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities		268,175,173			(169,781,678	)		60,975,445

Net increase/ (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		227,890,967			(227,259,953	)		(3,096,931	)
Cash and cash equivalents, at the beginning of the year		3,761,752			231,652,719			4,392,766

Cash and cash equivalents, at end of the period		231,652,719			4,392,766			1,295,835

Background information of business and organization (Details)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

HKD ($)

Dec. 31, 2015

MYR (RM)

Dec. 31, 2015

USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2015

CNY (¥)

May 29, 2015

May 15, 2015

Mar. 23, 2015

Mar. 05, 2015

Mar. 02, 2015

Jan. 12, 2015

Dec. 31, 2014

Sep. 15, 2014

Jun. 24, 2014

May 27, 2014

Apr. 11, 2014

Jan. 27, 2014

Oct. 18, 2013

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

51.00%

75.00%

Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Jinan Wanzhuo") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Equity interest held by partners

5.00%

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Dec. 04, 2013

Paid-up Capital

¥ 300,000,000

Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group

95.00%

Henan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Henan Quansheng") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Equity interest held by partners

10.00%

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jan. 14, 2015

Paid-up Capital

$ 6,500,000

¥ 40,000,000

Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group

90.00%

Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Equity interest held by partners

20.00%

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Oct. 14, 2013

Paid-up Capital

¥ 20,000,000

Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group

80.00%

Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Oct. 06, 2011

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 500,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Oct. 26, 2011

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 3,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

XIN Development Group International Inc. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Nov. 10, 2011

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 0

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. ("Xinyuan") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jan. 27, 2006

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 50,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

South Glory International Ltd [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jan. 17, 2001

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 10,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Victory Good Development Ltd [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jan. 17, 2001

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 10,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Elite Quest Holdings Ltd [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Nov. 19, 2001

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 10,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

XIN Irvine, LLC [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 12, 2012

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 50,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Vista Sierra, LLC [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

May 01, 2012

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 0

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

XIN Development Management East, LLC [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Aug. 28, 2012

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 1,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

XIN NY Holding, LLC [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Aug. 29, 2012

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 1,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

421 Kent Development, LLC [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Aug. 29, 2012

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 1,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Xinyuan Sailing Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jun. 21, 2013

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 3,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

AWAN Plasma Sdn Bhd [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Apr. 16, 2007

Paid-up Capital | RM

RM 33,577,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Percentage of equity interest acquired

100.00%

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 09, 2014

Paid-up Capital | RM

RM 33,217,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Xinyuan Internet Finance Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 07, 2015

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 50,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

New Dawn International Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 07, 2015

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 50,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

New Legend International Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 07, 2015

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 50,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

NewPoint International Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 07, 2015

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 50,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

NewGrace International Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 07, 2015

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 50,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

China Online Finance Research Institute Limited [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 17, 2015

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 1,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Genesis Ocean Investments Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Aug. 19, 2015

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 100

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Honest View Development Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Aug. 19, 2015

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 100

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Honour Triumph Enterprises Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Aug. 19, 2015

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 100

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Well Poly Holdings Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Aug. 19, 2015

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 100

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Zhengzhou Yasheng Construction Material Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Oct. 22, 2013

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 50,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Zhengzhou Jiasheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Dec. 02, 2013

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 60,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Zhengzhou Yusheng Landscape Design Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Dec. 25, 2013

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 70,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. ("WFOE") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Apr. 10, 2006

Paid-up Capital | $

$ 307,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Henan Xinyuan") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

May 19, 1997

Paid-up Capital

¥ 200,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Qingdao Xinyuan Xiangrui Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Feb. 09, 2006

Paid-up Capital

¥ 10,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Shandong Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Shandong Xinyuan") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jun. 02, 2006

Paid-up Capital

¥ 300,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Xinyuan Property Service Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Dec. 28, 1998

Paid-up Capital

¥ 50,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Zhengzhou Mingyuan Landscape Engineering Co Ltd [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Feb. 17, 2004

Paid-up Capital

¥ 2,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Zhengzhou Xinyuan Computer Network Engineering Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

May 26, 2004

Paid-up Capital

¥ 2,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Henan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Henan Wanzhuo") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Dec. 29, 2011

Paid-up Capital

¥ 20,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Suzhou Xinyuan Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. ("Suzhou Xinyuan") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Nov. 24, 2006

Paid-up Capital

¥ 200,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Anhui Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Dec. 07, 2006

Paid-up Capital

¥ 50,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Kunshan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Percentage of equity interest acquired

100.00%

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jan. 31, 2008

Paid-up Capital

¥ 200,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Xinyuan Real Estate (Chengdu) Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jun. 12, 2007

Paid-up Capital

¥ 220,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Xuzhou Xinyuan Real Estate Co Ltd [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Nov. 09, 2009

Paid-up Capital

¥ 200,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Henan Xinyuan Jiye Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Nov. 15, 2009

Paid-up Capital

¥ 50,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Beijing Xinyuan Wanzhong Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Beijing Wanzhong") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Mar. 04, 2008

Paid-up Capital

¥ 900,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Beijing Heju Management Consulting Service Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jan. 16, 2009

Paid-up Capital

¥ 30,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Xinyuan Renju (Beijing) Asset Management Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jan. 16, 2009

Paid-up Capital

¥ 30,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Zhengzhou Jiantou Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Jiantou Xinyuan") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jun. 13, 2005

Paid-up Capital

¥ 10,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Beijing Xinyuan Priority Real Estate Consulting Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Mar. 08, 2012

Paid-up Capital

¥ 30,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Henan Xinyuan Priority Commercial Management Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Aug. 10, 2012

Paid-up Capital

¥ 2,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Suzhou Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Sep. 20, 2012

Paid-up Capital

¥ 200,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Beijing Xinyuan Jiye Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Feb. 17, 2013

Paid-up Capital

¥ 200,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Jiangsu Jiajing Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Mar. 28, 2005

Paid-up Capital

¥ 150,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Beijing XIN Media Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 10, 2013

Paid-up Capital

¥ 10,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Xingyang Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 25, 2013

Paid-up Capital

¥ 200,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

APEC Construction Investment (Beijing) Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Aug. 01, 2013

Paid-up Capital

¥ 100,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Beijing Xinxiang Huicheng Decoration Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Oct. 18, 2013

Paid-up Capital

¥ 10,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Xinrongji (Beijing) Investment Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Dec. 25, 2013

Paid-up Capital

¥ 100,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Sanya Beida Science and Technology Park Industrial Development Co., Ltd [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Percentage of equity interest acquired

100.00%

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jan. 10, 2014

Paid-up Capital

¥ 200,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Chengdu Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Feb. 21, 2014

Paid-up Capital

¥ 50,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Beijing Xinleju Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Dec. 24, 2014

Paid-up Capital

¥ 10,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Changsha Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Equity interest held by partners

25.00%

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Apr. 03, 2014

Paid-up Capital

$ 16,300,000

¥ 100,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Shanghai Junxin") [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Percentage of equity interest acquired

100.00%

Equity interest held by partners

49.00%

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jan. 16, 2014

Paid-up Capital

$ 800,000

¥ 5,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Equity interest held by partners

20.00%

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

^[1]

May 27, 2014

Paid-up Capital

^[1]

¥ 100,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

^[1]

80.00%

Liquidated date

Dec. 09, 2015

Zhengzhou Hengsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jun. 19, 2014

Paid-up Capital

¥ 20,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Beijing Xinyuan Xindo Park E-commerce Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Aug. 12, 2014

Paid-up Capital

¥ 202,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Beijing Economy Cooperation Ruifeng Investment Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Equity interest held by partners

10.00%

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Sep. 15, 2014

Paid-up Capital

¥ 20,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

90.00%

Tianjin Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Sep. 17, 2014

Paid-up Capital

¥ 100,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Xi'an Xinyuan Metropolitan Business Management Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Nov. 25, 2014

Paid-up Capital

¥ 3,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Beijing Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jan. 01, 2015

Paid-up Capital

¥ 30,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Beijing Xinhe Investment Development Co.,Ltd [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

May 05, 2015

Paid-up Capital

¥ 5,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Jinan Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Dec. 04, 2015

Paid-up Capital

¥ 3,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Henan Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Mar. 23, 2015

Paid-up Capital

¥ 10,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Henan Xinyuan Guangsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 27, 2015

Paid-up Capital

¥ 40,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Shanghai Hexinli Property Management Center (Limited partnership) [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 28, 2015

Paid-up Capital

¥ 100,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Shenzhen Xilefu Internet Financial Service Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jun. 12, 2015

Paid-up Capital

¥ 5,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Shenzhen Xileju Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jun. 04, 2015

Paid-up Capital

¥ 5,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Shandong Xinyuan Renju Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Percentage of equity interest acquired

18.00%

82.00%

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

^[2]

Nov. 19, 2011

Paid-up Capital

^[2]

¥ 50,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

^[2]

100.00%

Acquired date

Mar. 01, 2015

Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Marketing Co., Ltd. [Member]

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Registered Place and Date of Incorporation

Jul. 30, 2015

Paid-up Capital

¥ 1,000,000

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

[1]	Liquidated on December 9, 2015.
[2]	Acquired on March 1, 2015.

Summary of significant accounting policies (The Company and basis of presentation and consolidation) (Details)											12 Months Ended
	Mar. 23, 2015 USD ($)	Mar. 23, 2015 CNY (¥)	Mar. 05, 2015 USD ($)	Mar. 05, 2015 CNY (¥)	Sep. 15, 2014 USD ($)	Sep. 15, 2014 CNY (¥)	Jun. 24, 2014 USD ($)	Jun. 24, 2014 CNY (¥)	May 27, 2014 USD ($)	May 27, 2014 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($) item	Dec. 31, 2014 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2013 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015 CNY (¥) item	May 29, 2015	Jan. 12, 2015
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Stated rate											1.60%			1.60%
Current assets											$ 3,262,963,717	$ 3,070,458,659
TOTAL ASSETS											3,561,387,439	3,231,526,234	$ 2,382,099,592
Current liabilities											1,650,882,568	1,592,632,813
Total liabilities											2,625,435,837	2,270,914,541
Revenue											1,164,323,998	919,747,673	897,738,056
Cost of revenue											(891,333,892)	(677,582,117)	(598,740,190)
Net (loss)/profit											66,482,107	48,515,730	126,356,264
Net cash used in operating activities											(4,535,075)	(884,314,436)	(213,324,143)
Net cash used in investing activities											(35,002,993)	(15,891,636)	(99,961,602)
Net cash provided by financing activities											$ 306,282,098	455,065,629	$ 393,912,695
Non-controlling Shareholder's Loan Due on June 25, 2016 at 11.5% [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Stated rate									11.50%	11.50%	11.50%			11.50%
Non-controlling Shareholder's Loan Due on June 25, 2016 at 11.5% [Member] \| Scenario, Plan [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Stated rate									15.50%	15.50%
Non-controlling Shareholder's Loan Due on June 30, 2016 at 11.24% [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Stated rate							11.24%	11.24%			11.24%			11.24%
Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Company [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Paid-up Capital											$ 800,000			¥ 5,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)									49.00%	49.00%						49.00%
Proceeds from other debt									$ 81,200,000	¥ 497,600,000
Debt term									2 years	2 years
Number of projects under construction \| item											1			1
Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Paid-up Capital											$ 48,800,000			¥ 300,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)							5.00%	5.00%
Proceeds from other debt							$ 111,700,000	¥ 685,000,000
Debt term							2 years	2 years
Number of projects under construction \| item											1			1
Changsha Wanzhuo [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Paid-up Capital											$ 16,300,000			¥ 100,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)					25.00%	25.00%									25.00%
Proceeds from other debt					$ 65,400,000	¥ 400,000,000
Debt term					9 months	9 months
Stated rate					12.00%	12.00%
Number of projects under construction \| item											1			1
Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Paid-up Capital											$ 3,300,000			¥ 20,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)			20.00%	20.00%
Proceeds from other debt			$ 86,000,000	¥ 526,000,000
Debt term			2 years	2 years
Stated rate			10.984%	10.984%
Number of projects under construction \| item											2			2
Percentage of non-controlling equity interest that will be repurchased by the entity											20.00%			20.00%
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Current assets											$ 412,763,119	681,567,691
Non-current assets											7,469,208	2,268,129
TOTAL ASSETS											420,232,327	683,835,820
Current liabilities											262,759,976	537,233,210
Non-current liabilities											66,219,046	82,124,393
Total liabilities											328,979,022	619,357,603
Revenue											168,108,983	25,715,106
Cost of revenue											(125,707,809)	(21,406,445)
Net (loss)/profit											9,944,795	(1,702,533)
Net cash used in operating activities											(4,601,835)	(252,000,125)
Net cash used in investing activities											(6,098,628)	(799,144)
Net cash provided by financing activities											35,532,406	358,987,226
Land use right securing long-term debt											$ 289,057,933	$ 404,133,649
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member] \| Sales Revenue, Net [Member] \| Revenues From Consolidated VIE [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Percentage of revenue											14.40%	2.80%
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member] \| Consolidation, Eliminations [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Amounts due to subsidiaries of the Group											$ 55,881,889	$ 214,657,398
Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Company [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group											51.00%			51.00%
Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group											95.00%			95.00%
Paid-up Capital \| ¥														¥ 300,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)							5.00%	5.00%
Changsha Wanzhuo [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group											75.00%			75.00%
Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group											80.00%			80.00%
Paid-up Capital \| ¥														¥ 20,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)			20.00%	20.00%
Henan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Henan Quansheng") [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group											90.00%			90.00%
Paid-up Capital											$ 6,500,000			¥ 40,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)	10.00%	10.00%
Proceeds from other debt	$ 38,100,000	¥ 233,000,000
Debt term	2 years	2 years
Stated rate	11.00%	11.00%
Number of projects under construction \| item											1			1
Percentage of non-controlling equity interest that will be repurchased by the entity											10.00%			10.00%

Summary of significant accounting policies (Details) ¥ in Billions		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 19, 2013 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($) units item ¥ / $ shares	Dec. 31, 2014 USD ($) item ¥ / $	Dec. 31, 2013 USD ($) item ¥ / $	Dec. 28, 2015 USD ($)	Dec. 28, 2015 CNY (¥)	May 06, 2015	Mar. 19, 2014 item	Dec. 06, 2013 USD ($)	Oct. 21, 2013	Jul. 12, 2013 USD ($)	May 03, 2013 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2012 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Year end RMB: US$ exchange rate \| ¥ / $		6.4936	6.1190	6.0969
Period average RMB: US$ exchange rate \| ¥ / $		6.2272	6.1424	6.1956
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 387,528,092	$ 140,494,754	$ 587,119,126									$ 496,204,796
Revenue recognition:
Reversal of sales		$ 4,200,000
Number of units affected \| units		28
Amounts received from customers in excess of revenues recognized		$ 280,200,000	223,500,000
Accounts receivable
Allowance for doubtful debts		0	0
Other receivables, allowance for doubtful debts		0	0
Deposits for land use rights, impairment losses		0	0	$ 0
Advances to suppliers, allowance provided		$ 0	$ 0
Retirement benefits
Employer match of eligible compensation of employees, percent of average salary		43.00%	43.00%	43.00%
Retirement benefits expense		$ 10,664,576	$ 7,328,091	$ 3,471,862
Required repatriation		10.00%
Minimum percentage of Statutory Surplus Reserve		50.00%
Required percentage of Statutory Reserve prior to distributions		25.00%
Advertising and promotion expenses		$ 35,350,419	32,137,186	18,096,298
Lease expenses		$ 7,613,448	6,031,670	3,694,591
Property warranty
Warranty term		2 months
Percentage of contract cost withheld		5.00%
Contract cost withholding term		2 years
Restricted cash and restricted deposit:
Restricted deposit		$ 0	69,357,738
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date		Sep. 19, 2013
Maturity date		Oct. 05, 2016
Interest rate		1.60%
Number of shares issued \| shares	12,000,000
Remaining debt issuance cost		$ 12,504,255	16,677,352	9,048,940
Long-term investments
Cost method investment, ownership interest		80.00%
Asset Impairment Charges		$ 0	0	0
Share Repurchase Program
Stock repurchase program authorized amount					$ 40,000,000						$ 60,000,000
Treasury shares, shares \| shares	14,264,896	13,470,488
Treasury stock, value	$ 19,434,281	$ 24,045,440	20,696,268
Short-term bank acceptance notes [Member]
Notes payable and other payables
Debt term		6 months
Notes payable		$ 46,986,399	2,453,228
Northern Nevada Land Portfolio [Member]
Revenue recognition:
Revenue recognized under the full accrual method		800,000		1,200,000
Condominium units located in Irvine, California [Member]
Revenue recognition:
Revenue recognized under the full accrual method		$ 800,000	$ 4,900,000	$ 5,400,000
Number of items sold \| item		1	7	7
Number of finished units \| item			15	15
Residential units [Member]
Revenue recognition:
Down payment, percentage		10.00%
Withdrawal Restrictions [Member]
Restricted cash and restricted deposit:
Restricted cash		$ 47,351,169	$ 29,674,355
Designated For Project Development [Member]
Restricted cash and restricted deposit:
Restricted cash		315,786,041	333,092,735
Restricted Cash Related to Short Term Loans [Member]
Restricted cash and restricted deposit:
Restricted cash		232,351,854	68,990,158
Restricted deposit		0	69,357,738
Restricted Cash Related to Long Term Loans [Member]
Restricted cash and restricted deposit:
Restricted cash		0	24,513,809
Restricted deposit		0	0
Restricted Cash Related to Other Debts [Member]
Restricted cash and restricted deposit:
Restricted cash		$ 29,918,940	$ 68,672,151
Minimum [Member]
Retirement benefits
LAT Progressive Rate		30.00%
Minimum [Member] \| Residential units [Member]
Revenue recognition:
Second payment, percentage		20.00%
Maximum [Member]
Retirement benefits
LAT Progressive Rate		60.00%
Maximum [Member] \| Residential units [Member]
Revenue recognition:
Second payment, percentage		70.00%
Shaanxi Zhongmao Economy Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long-term investments
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage		51.00%								51.00%
Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long-term investments
Cost method investment, ownership interest		1.85%	1.85%
Dividend received		$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Huayi Xincheng (Beijing) Intelligent City Construction Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long-term investments
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage		40.00%						40.00%
Number of independent shareholders who established a joint venture \| item								4
Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long-term investments
Cost method investment, ownership interest		80.00%					80.00%
Senior Secured Convertible Note [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date		Sep. 19, 2013
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount	$ 75,761,009
Maturity date		Sep. 19, 2018
Interest rate		5.00%
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date		May 03, 2013
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount												$ 200,000,000
Maturity date		May 03, 2018
Interest rate		13.25%
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date		Dec. 06, 2013
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount									$ 200,000,000
Maturity date		Jun. 06, 2019
Interest rate		13.00%
First Tranche Bonds due in December 28, 2020 at 7.5% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date		Dec. 28, 2015
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount					$ 154,000,000	¥ 1
Maturity date		Dec. 28, 2020
Interest rate		7.50%

Summary of significant accounting policies (Estimated Useful Life) (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Real Estate Properties Held for Lease [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	20 years
Real Estate Properties Held for Lease [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	60 years
Aircraft [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	15 years
Vehicles [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	5 years
Furniture and fixtures [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	5 years

Summary of significant accounting policies (Interest Expense) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Summary of significant accounting policies [Abstract]
Amortization of issuance cost related to other long term debt	$ 6,554,767	$ 3,744,695	$ 640,565
Accretion of discount arising from warrants on Guaranteed Senior Secured Note	0	0	288,220
Interest expense on corporate aircraft capital lease	2,617,000	2,896,977	778,032
Interest on borrowings	171,035,655	128,014,504	36,515,162
Total interest costs	180,207,422	134,656,176	38,221,979
Less: total interest costs capitalized	(159,926,006)	(106,455,409)	(21,359,447)
Interest expense, net	$ 20,281,416	$ 28,200,767	$ 16,862,532

Summary of significant accounting policies (Effect of change in estimate) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Effect of change in estimate:
Gross profit	$ 272,990,106	$ 242,165,556	$ 298,997,866
Net income	$ 66,482,107	$ 48,515,730	$ 126,356,264
Basic	$ 0.47	$ 0.32	$ 0.87
Diluted	$ 0.45	$ 0.29	$ 0.85
Certain Real Estate Development Projects [Member]
Effect of change in estimate:
Percentage completion	40.60%
Contracts Accounted for under Percentage of Completion [Member] \| Certain Real Estate Development Projects [Member]
Effect of change in estimate:
Gross profit	$ 52,100,000	$ 10,800,000	$ 54,300,000
Net income	$ 39,100,000	$ 8,100,000	$ 40,700,000
Basic	$ 0.27	$ 0.05	$ 0.28
Diluted	$ 0.27	$ 0.05	$ 0.27

- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.

+ References + Details

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References + Details

Short-term investments (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Short-term investments (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Aggregate fair value	$ 1,244,646	$ 6,008,477
Cost	1,195,203	5,886,444
Unrealized gain in profit and loss	49,443	122,033
Net realized gain on short-term investments	456,149	3,128,014
Unrealized gain on short-term investments	49,443	122,033	$ 0
REITs [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Aggregate fair value	1,167,647
Cost	1,124,293
Unrealized gain in profit and loss	43,354
Equity securities [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Aggregate fair value		5,189,456
Cost		5,069,310
Unrealized gain in profit and loss		120,146
Money market instrument [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Aggregate fair value	76,999	819,021
Cost	70,910	817,134
Unrealized gain in profit and loss	$ 6,089	$ 1,887

Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	$ 24,076,559	$ 12,308,999	$ 21,260,288
Under development	2,750,327,272	2,371,357,809
Profit recognized	347,083,874	264,182,323
Less: progress billings (see Note 14)	(1,210,089,345)	(920,965,080)
Total real estate properties under development	1,887,321,801	1,714,575,052	932,518,706
Real estate properties held for sale	0	1,185,217	$ 5,524,041
Total real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale	1,911,398,360	1,728,069,268
Aggregate net book value of land use right pledged as collateral for bank loans	1,018,987,851	923,762,759
Use Rights [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Total real estate properties under development	1,130,109,973	1,274,725,570
Zhengzhou Royal Palace [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	0	2,267,171
Zhengzhou Century East A [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	4,775,131	7,907,556
Suzhou International City Garden [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	2,018,240	754,914
Hefei Wangjiang Garden [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	0	286,128
Jinan International City Garden [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	0	778,376
Kunshan International City Garden [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	546,537	314,854
Jinan Xinyuan Splendid [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	40,847,827	95,433,442
Xuzhou Colorful City [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	54,157,809	57,957,843
Zhengzhou Xin City [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	46,165,101	122,025,858
Suzhou Xin City [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	16,736,651	0
Under development	0	73,916,667
Beijing Xindo Park [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	176,553,742	258,585,693
Kunshan Royal Palace [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	215,917,469	267,625,395
Suzhou Lake Royal Palace [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	267,569,547	233,846,400
Xingyang Splendid Phase I [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	32,010,140	44,991,390
Xingyang Splendid Phase II [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	43,311,674	35,341,974
Xingyang Splendid Phase III [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	23,896,026	22,910,650
Xingyang Splendid Phase IV [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	6,762,190	6,441,922
Zhengzhou Xindo Park (residential) [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	29,098,191	66,471,564
Zhengzhou Xindo Park (commercial) [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	73,294,372	41,827,678
Jinan Royal Palace [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	261,268,961	262,820,980
Sanya Yazhou Bay No.1 [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	109,896,103	85,135,798
Shanghai Yipin Royal Palace [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	215,117,468	192,275,658
Changsha Xinyuan Splendid [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	194,444,916	151,442,473
Chengdu Thriving Family [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	258,173,028	222,716,181
Jinan Xin Central [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	163,174,394	0
Zhengzhou Fancy City [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	71,896,698	0
Tianjin Spring Royal Palace [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	65,583,961	0
Zhengzhou Xindo Park [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	39,117,259	0
Henan Xin Central I [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	127,696,203	0
XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd. [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	8,165,745	9,642,365
Northern Nevada Land Portfolio [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties held for sale	0	588,000
Lennox Project [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties held for sale	0	597,217
New York Oosten [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	$ 226,208,448	$ 119,947,878

Real estate properties held for lease, net (Properties Held for Lease) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	$ 84,089,282	$ 79,877,108
Accumulated depreciation	(12,956,700)	(10,653,360)
Real estate properties held for lease, net	71,132,582	69,223,748
Depreciation expense	2,303,340	2,032,019	$ 1,580,540
Real Estate Properties Held for Lease [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Collateral value	36,550,198	38,280,864
Elementary schools [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	3,284,593	3,485,673
Basement parking [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	10,181,887	1,979,104
Kindergartens [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	7,576,396	8,040,216
Parking facilities [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	18,128,308	19,238,109
Clubhouses [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	6,418,720	6,811,668
Shopping mall [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	$ 38,499,378	$ 40,322,338

Real estate properties held for lease, net (Minimum Future Rental Income) (Details)	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($)
Real estate properties held for lease, net [Abstract]
2016	$ 9,950,598
2017	9,947,668
2018	9,969,725
2019	10,048,191
2020 and thereafter	150,781,495
Total	$ 190,697,677

Property and equipment, net (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Property and equipment, net (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total	$ 52,373,542	$ 55,018,873
Accumulated depreciation	(13,050,220)	(8,543,148)	$ (4,427,924)
Property and equipment, net	39,323,322	46,475,725
Depreciation expense	4,947,575	4,543,419	1,400,639
Corporate aircraft (Note 13) [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total	40,693,020	43,184,212
Amortization expense related to the corporate aircraft capital lease	2,713,085	2,868,205	710,895
Accumulated amortization expense related to the corporate aircraft capital lease	6,104,441	3,585,257	$ 710,895
Vehicles [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total	4,636,135	4,919,955
Furniture and fixtures [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total	$ 7,044,387	$ 6,914,706

Other long-term investment (Details) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
Other long-term investment (Details) - USD ($)	May 06, 2015	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Schedule of Cost-method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership		80.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 31,107,552	$ 241,648
Investment profit or loss		0	$ 0	$ 0
Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real estate development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Cost-method Investments [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 30,865,904
Ownership	80.00%	80.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 30,865,904
Payments to acquire other long-term investment	$ 30,865,904
Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Cost-method Investments [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 241,648
Ownership		1.85%	1.85%
Other long-term investment		$ 241,648	$ 241,648

Investment in joint venture (Details)	12 Months Ended
Investment in joint venture (Details)	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2014 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2013 USD ($)	May 27, 2015	Mar. 19, 2014 item	Oct. 21, 2013
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Net income (loss) of investees	$ 4,381,637	$ (3,317,444)
Share of (loss)/gain of equity investee	2,234,635	(1,691,897)	$ (117,188)
Equity method goodwill not amortized	$ 3,982,603	$ 4,226,414
Shaanxi Zhongmao [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage	51.00%					51.00%
Equity interest held by partners	49.00%
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage				51.00%
Huayi Xincheng [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage	40.00%				40.00%
Number of independent shareholders who established a joint venture \| item					4

Acquisition of subsidiaries (EMG Group Properties Sdn Bhd) (Details) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
	Dec. 29, 2014	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Total consideration:
Net outflow of cash and cash equivalents		$ 0	$ (9,997,800)	$ (91,342,920)
XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd. [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Percentage of equity interest acquired	100.00%
Percentage of shares covered by option	25.00%
Fair value of option granted	$ 3,167,000
Total consideration:
Cash consideration	(10,000,000)
Cash and cash equivalents acquired	2,200
Net outflow of cash and cash equivalents	(9,997,800)
Total purchase price	10,000,000
Net identifiable assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents	2,200
Land reclamation development	9,740,000
Goodwill	278,300
Current liabilities	(20,500)
Net assets acquired	$ 10,000,000

Short-term bank loans and other debt (Details) - USD ($)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Dec. 31, 2014

Sep. 15, 2014

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

$ 222,226,246

$ 293,449,741

Maturity date

Oct. 05, 2016

Stated rate

1.60%

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

51.00%

75.00%

Short-term loans weighted average interest rate

1.71%

7.62%

Restricted deposit

$ 363,137,210

$ 368,874,458

Changsha Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Stated rate

12.00%

Minority Interest Ownership Percentage

100.00%

Loan from China Fortune International Trust Co., Ltd [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

$ 0

40,856,349

Loan from China Fortune International Trust Co., Ltd [Member] | Loan from China Fortune International Trust Co., Ltd Due February 25, 2015, at 11% per annum [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

$ 0

40,856,349

Maturity date

Feb. 25, 2015

Stated rate

11.00%

Loan from ICBC Credit Suisse Investment Management Co., Ltd. [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

$ 0

24,513,809

Loan from ICBC Credit Suisse Investment Management Co., Ltd. [Member] | Loan from ICBC Credit Suisse Investment Management Co., Ltd. Due April 3, 2015, at 11% per annum [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

$ 0

24,513,809

Maturity date

Apr. 03, 2015

Stated rate

11.00%

Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

$ 0

32,685,079

Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd [Member] | Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd Due June 24, 2015, at 12.5% per annum [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

$ 0

32,685,079

Maturity date

Jun. 24, 2015

Stated rate

12.50%

Loan from Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

$ 0

65,370,159

Loan from Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. [Member] | Loan from Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd., Due August 12, 2015, at 12% per annum [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[1]

$ 0

65,370,159

Maturity date

Aug. 12, 2015

Stated rate

12.00%

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due February 24, 2015, at 2.80% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[2]

$ 0

14,971,245

Maturity date

Feb. 24, 2015

Stated rate

2.80%

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due February 25, 2015, at 2.60% plus 3 month [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[2]

$ 0

20,353,100

Maturity date

Feb. 25, 2015

Stated rate

2.60%

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due June 2, 2016, at 2.00% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[2]

$ 9,675,655

Maturity date

Jun. 02, 2016

Stated rate

2.00%

Restricted deposit

$ 9,778,859

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due August 16, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[2]

$ 20,000,000

Maturity date

Aug. 16, 2016

Stated rate

1.40%

Restricted deposit

$ 20,943,698

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due August 31, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[2]

$ 9,700,000

Maturity date

Aug. 31, 2016

Stated rate

1.40%

Restricted deposit

$ 10,166,934

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due September 20, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[2]

$ 2,220,000

Maturity date

Sep. 20, 2016

Stated rate

1.40%

Restricted deposit

$ 2,386,966

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due October 27, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[2]

$ 13,250,000

Maturity date

Oct. 27, 2016

Stated rate

1.40%

Restricted deposit

$ 13,752,002

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due November 18, 2016, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[2]

$ 14,958,974

Maturity date

Nov. 18, 2016

Stated rate

1.25%

Restricted deposit

$ 15,553,766

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due November 23, 2016, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[2]

$ 34,421,617

Maturity date

Nov. 23, 2016

Stated rate

1.25%

Restricted deposit

$ 35,878,403

Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

63,000,000

65,000,000

Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch [Member] | Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch, Due May 17, 2015, at 2% plus 6 month [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[3]

$ 0

65,000,000

Maturity date

May 17, 2015

Stated rate

2.00%

Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch [Member] | Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch, Due July 21, 2016, at 1.2% per annum [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[3]

$ 30,000,000

Maturity date

Jul. 21, 2016

Stated rate

1.20%

Restricted deposit

$ 30,645,559

Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch [Member] | Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch, Due September 26, 2016, at 1.55% per annum [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[3]

$ 13,000,000

Maturity date

Sep. 26, 2016

Stated rate

1.55%

Restricted deposit

$ 13,705,803

Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch [Member] | Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch, Due October 11, 2016, at 1.55% per annum [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[3]

$ 20,000,000

Maturity date

Oct. 11, 2016

Stated rate

1.55%

Restricted deposit

$ 21,097,696

Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited ("ICBC (Asia)") [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

30,000,000

29,700,000

Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited ("ICBC (Asia)") [Member] | Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited, Due February 17, 2015, at 2.1% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[4]

$ 0

20,000,000

Maturity date

Feb. 17, 2015

Stated rate

2.10%

Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited ("ICBC (Asia)") [Member] | Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited, Due March 2, 2015, at 2% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[4]

$ 0

9,700,000

Maturity date

Mar. 02, 2015

Stated rate

2.00%

Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited ("ICBC (Asia)") [Member] | Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited, Due May 18, 2016, at 2% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[4]

$ 10,000,000

Maturity date

May 18, 2016

Stated rate

2.00%

Restricted deposit

$ 10,799,845

Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Thai) Public Company Limited ("ICBC (Thai)") [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

25,000,000

Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Thai) Public Company Limited ("ICBC (Thai)") [Member] | Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Thai) Public Company Limited ("ICBC (Thai)") Due September 21, 2016, at 1.7% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]

Short-term Debt [Line Items]

Short-term bank loans and other debt

^[5]

$ 25,000,000

$ 0

Maturity date

Sep. 21, 2016

Stated rate

1.70%

Restricted deposit

$ 26,410,620

[1]	Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on November 12, 2014, which was designated as the lender by Lianxin, the non-controlling shareholder of Changsha Wanzhuo, this other short-term debt is secured by the Group's 75% equity interest in Changsha Wanzhuo and the Group's land use rights. This other short-term debt was paid in full in May, 2015.
[2]	Pursuant to the loan contract with The Bank of East Asia, these seven loans from The Bank of East Asia, amounting to US$9.7 million, US$20.0 million, US$9.7 million, US$2.2 million, US$13.3 million , US$15.0 million and US$34.4 million respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposits of US$9,778,859 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$20,943,698 (December 31, 2014: nil) , US$10,166,934 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$2,386,966 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$13,752,002 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$15,553,766 (December 31, 2014: nil) and US$35,878,403 (December 31, 2014: nil)respectively. Such deposits are classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.
[3]	Pursuant to the loan contract with Bank of China Tokyo Branch , these three loans from Bank of China Tokyo Branch amounting to US$30.0 million, US$13.0 million and US$20.0 million in 2015 respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposit of US$30,645,559 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$13,705,803 (December 31, 2014: nil) and US$21,097,696 (December 31, 2014: nil) respectively. Such deposits are classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.
[4]	Pursuant to the loan contract with ICBC (Asia), these two loans from ICBC (Asia), amounting to US$10.0million and US$20.0million in 2015, respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposits of US$10,799,845 (December 31, 2014: nil) and US$21,251,694 (December 31, 2014: nil). respectively. Such deposits are classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.
[5]	Pursuant to the loan contract with ICBC (Thai), this loan from ICBC (Thai), amounting to US$25.0 million in 2015, is denominated in US$ and is secured by the deposits of US$26,410,620. This deposit is classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.

Long-term bank loans (Details) - USD ($)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Dec. 31, 2014

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

$ 260,099,174

$ 337,225,037

Less: current portion of long term bank loans

(246,239,374)

(284,928,910)

Total long-term bank loans

$ 13,859,800

52,296,127

Maturity date

Oct. 05, 2016

Stated rate

1.60%

Restricted cash

$ 363,137,210

368,874,458

Notes Payable to Banks [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Real estate properties under development securing long term loans

93,755,346

35,766,700

Land use right securing long-term bank loan

424,058,251

507,962,175

Restricted cash

$ 0

$ 24,513,809

Loans payable, weighted average interest rate

7.23%

7.43%

Minimum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Debt Instrument Prime Rate Range

111.00%

Maximum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Debt Instrument Prime Rate Range

195.00%

Loan from ICBC [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

$ 10,779,845

$ 14,708,286

Loan from ICBC [Member] | Loan from ICBC, Due July 20, 2016 at 5.25% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[1]

$ 10,779,845

14,708,286

Maturity date

Jul. 20, 2016

Stated rate

5.25%

Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

$ 6,159,911

35,953,588

Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Agricultural Bank of China, Due May 30, 2015, at 6.77% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[2]

$ 0

3,268,508

Maturity date

May 30, 2015

Stated rate

6.77%

Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Agricultural Bank of China, Due June 30, 2015, at 6.77% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[2]

$ 0

8,171,270

Maturity date

Jun. 30, 2015

Stated rate

6.77%

Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Agricultural Bank of China, Due April 18, 2015, at 6.46% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[2]

$ 0

8,171,270

Maturity date

Apr. 18, 2015

Stated rate

6.46%

Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Agricultural Bank of China Due November 18, 2015, at 6.46% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[2]

$ 0

1,634,254

Maturity date

Nov. 18, 2015

Stated rate

6.46%

Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Agricultural Bank of China Due March 18, 2016 at 6.46% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[2]

$ 0

8,171,270

Maturity date

Mar. 18, 2016

Stated rate

6.46%

Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Agricultural Bank of China Due May 18, 2016 at 5.78% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[1]

$ 6,159,911

6,537,016

Maturity date

May 18, 2016

Stated rate

5.78%

Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

$ 40,193,420

29,106,063

Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member] | Loan from China Guangfa Bank, Due June 20, 2015, at 7.07% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[2]

$ 0

1,323,746

Maturity date

Jun. 20, 2015

Stated rate

7.07%

Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member] | Loan from China Guangfa Bank, Due May 29, 2016, at 8.00% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[1]

$ 3,233,953

11,439,778

Maturity date

May 29, 2016

Stated rate

8.00%

Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member] | Loan from China Guangfa Bank due December 23, 2017, at 8.4% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[1]

$ 6,159,911

16,342,539

Maturity date

Dec. 23, 2017

Stated rate

8.40%

Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member] | Loan from China Guangfa Bank due February 17, 2018, at 8.4% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[1]

$ 30,799,556

Maturity date

Feb. 17, 2018

Stated rate

8.40%

Loan from Bank of China [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

$ 0

57,198,888

Loan from Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Bank of China, Due December 30, 2015, at 8.45% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[2]

$ 0

32,685,079

Maturity date

Dec. 30, 2015

Stated rate

8.45%

Loan from Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Bank of China due January 8, 2016 at 8.45% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[2]

$ 0

24,513,809

Maturity date

Jan. 08, 2016

Stated rate

8.45%

Loan from China Construction Bank [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

$ 76,998,891

113,642,752

Loan from China Construction Bank [Member] | Loan from China Construction Bank, Due January 23, 2017, at 5.70% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[1]

$ 76,998,891

113,642,752

Maturity date

Jan. 23, 2017

Stated rate

5.70%

Loan from Bank of Shanghai [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

$ 35,419,490

86,615,460

Loan from Bank of Shanghai [Member] | Loan from Bank of Shanghai Due April 30, 2017, at 9.10% per annum

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[1]

$ 35,419,490

86,615,460

Maturity date

Apr. 30, 2017

Stated rate

9.10%

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

$ 47,428,237

Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia Due April 27, 2018, at 6.18% per annum

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[1]

$ 47,428,237

Maturity date

Apr. 27, 2018

Stated rate

6.18%

Loan from Ping An Bank [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

$ 43,119,380

Loan from Ping An Bank [Member] | Loan from Ping An Bank, Due March 20, 2018, at 9.25% per annum [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Long-term bank loans

^[1]

$ 43,119,380

$ 0

Maturity date

Mar. 20, 2018

Stated rate

9.25%

[1]	Pursuant to the loan contracts, if the Group achieves an agreed upon sales target from the sales of the underlying real estate properties under development, the Group has an obligation to repay the loan before the maturity date. Therefore, the respective current portions of these loans have been classified as current liabilities as of December 31, 2015.
[2]	These loans were paid in full during 2015.

Long-term bank loans (Maturities of Long-term Debt) (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Less: current portion of long-term bank loans	$ 246,239,374	$ 284,928,910
Total long-term bank loans	13,859,800	$ 52,296,127
Notes Payable to Banks [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2016	20,173,709
2017	118,578,292
2018	$ 121,347,173

Other long-term debt (Schedule of Other Long Term Debt) (Details)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2014

USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2013

USD ($)

Feb. 29, 2016

May 09, 2015

USD ($)

Mar. 05, 2015

Jun. 24, 2014

May 27, 2014

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Accrued interest

$ 0

$ 723,382

Total

1,258,602,780

878,116,826

Less: current portion

(348,594,822)

(301,912,335)

Total other long-term debt

$ 910,007,958

$ 576,204,491

Maturity date

Oct. 05, 2016

Stated rate

1.60%

Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent

51.00%

75.00%

Restricted cash

$ 363,137,210

$ 368,874,458

Repayments of other debt

17,854,351

122,973,761

$ 40,000,000

Loss on extinguishment of debt

$ 0

(9,848,931)

$ 0

Fixed charge coverage ratio

2.75

Henan Xinyuan [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent

100.00%

Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Company [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent

100.00%

Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent

95.00%

Henan Quansheng [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent

90.00%

Land use right securing other long-term bank loan

$ 41,295,897

Real estate property under development securing long term debt

$ 7,345,027

Shandong Renju [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent

100.00%

Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Stated rate

10.984%

Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent

80.00%

Land use right securing other long-term bank loan

$ 136,098,821

Kent EB-5 LLC [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Loan facility, maximum borrowing amount

50,000,000

Other Long-Term Debt [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

1,258,602,780

877,393,444

Less: current portion

(348,594,822)

Total other long-term debt

910,007,958

Land use right securing other long-term bank loan

128,389,745

54,625,305

Land use right securing long-term debt

731,783,438

324,684,850

Real estate properties held for lease securing debt

36,550,198

38,280,864

May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 190,519,754

200,000,000

Maturity date

May 03, 2018

Stated rate

13.25%

Fixed charge coverage ratio

3.0

June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 200,000,000

200,000,000

Maturity date

Jun. 06, 2019

Stated rate

13.00%

Fixed charge coverage ratio

3.0

Corporate bonds due in December 28, 2020 at 7.5% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 152,962,917

Maturity date

Dec. 28, 2020

Stated rate

7.50%

Shandong Xinyuan collateralized debt due in November 28, 2015 at 12.3% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[1]

$ 0

33,885,787

Maturity date

Nov. 28, 2015

Stated rate

12.30%

Henan Wanzhuo collateralized debt due in November 28, 2015 at 12.41% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[1]

$ 0

34,688,992

Maturity date

Nov. 28, 2015

Stated rate

12.41%

Collateralized Loan Due on April 3, 2016 at 11% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 38,453,246

40,807,321

Maturity date

Apr. 03, 2016

Stated rate

11.00%

Collateralized loan due on December 23, 2017 at 11% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 61,221,818

81,312,306

Maturity date

Dec. 23, 2017

Stated rate

11.00%

Collateralized loan due on July 9, 2017 at 9% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 54,484,415

65,370,159

Maturity date

Jul. 09, 2017

Stated rate

9.00%

Collateralized loan due on December 31, 2016 at 12.5% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 69,129,605

1,650,597

Maturity date

Dec. 31, 2016

Stated rate

12.50%

Collateralized loan due on June 30, 2017 at 12.5% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 3,079,956

Maturity date

Jun. 30, 2017

Stated rate

12.50%

Collateralized loan due on March 31, 2017 at 11% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 38,499,446

Maturity date

Mar. 31, 2017

Stated rate

11.00%

Collateralized loan due on November 20, 2016 at 12.5% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 46,199,335

Maturity date

Nov. 20, 2016

Stated rate

12.50%

Collateralized loan due on June 30, 2017 at 11.8% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 17,709,745

Maturity date

Jun. 30, 2017

Stated rate

11.80%

Collateralized loan due on July 15, 2017 at 11.8% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 14,583,590

Maturity date

Jul. 15, 2017

Stated rate

11.80%

Collateralized loan due on June 25, 2017 at 12% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[2]

$ 69,299,002

Maturity date

Jun. 25, 2017

Stated rate

12.00%

Collateralized loan due on September 17, 2017 at 9% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 10,779,844

Maturity date

Sep. 17, 2017

Stated rate

9.00%

Non-controlling Shareholder's Loan Due on June 25, 2016 at 11.5% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[3]

$ 0

81,312,306

Maturity date

Jun. 25, 2016

Stated rate

11.50%

Non-controlling Shareholder's Loan Due on June 30, 2016 at 11.24% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[4]

$ 28,489,590

111,946,394

Maturity date

Jun. 30, 2016

Stated rate

11.24%

Land use right securing other long-term bank loan

$ 111,663,215

139,355,006

Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on March 13, 2017 at 10.98% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[5]

$ 81,002,834

Maturity date

Mar. 13, 2017

Stated rate

10.98%

Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on May 13, 2017 at 11% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[6]

$ 35,881,483

Maturity date

May 13, 2017

Stated rate

11.00%

Fortress Credit Co. LLC Loan due on June 9, 2017 at 7.25% plus LIBOR [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[7]

$ 96,306,200

25,668,594

Maturity date

Jun. 09, 2017

Interest rate, additional rate over 3 months/ 6 months LIBOR

7.25%

Restricted cash

$ 29,918,940

29,973,017

Loan facility, maximum borrowing amount

165,000,000

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on January 23, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[8]

$ 10,000,000

Maturity date

Jan. 23, 2020

Stated rate

5.95%

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on April 30, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[8]

$ 5,000,000

Maturity date

Apr. 30, 2020

Stated rate

5.95%

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on June 25, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[8]

$ 5,000,000

Maturity date

Jun. 25, 2020

Stated rate

5.95%

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 4, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[8]

$ 5,000,000

Maturity date

Aug. 04, 2020

Stated rate

5.95%

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 20, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[8]

$ 5,000,000

Maturity date

Aug. 20, 2020

Stated rate

5.95%

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on October 1, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[8]

$ 10,000,000

Maturity date

Oct. 01, 2020

Stated rate

5.95%

Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on November 23, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

^[8]

$ 10,000,000

Maturity date

Nov. 23, 2020

Stated rate

5.95%

Others [Member]

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Total principal of other long-term debt

$ 0

$ 750,988

[1]	Pursuant to the agreements with Cinda Asset Management Corporation, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 100% equity interest of Henan Xinyuan. Per the agreements, from February 28, 2014 to November 28, 2015, Shandong Xinyuan and Henan Wanzhuo, respectively, are required to make quarterly payments to repay the outstanding principal amount and related interest expense. This other long-term debt was paid in full in November 2015.
[2]	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping An Trust Co., Ltd., this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 100% equity interest of Shandong Renju.
[3]	Pursuant to the agreements with CITIC Trust Co., Ltd. entered into on May 27, 2014, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Shanghai Junxin, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 51% equity interest in Shanghai Junxin and the Group's land use rights. This other long-term debt was paid in full in January 2015.
[4]	Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on June 24, 2014, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Jinan Wanzhuo, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 95% equity interest in Jinan Wanzhuo and the Group's land use rights with net book value of US$111,663,215 (December 31, 2014: US$139,355,006).
[5]	Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on March 10, 2015, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Zhengzhou Shengdao, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 80% equity interest in Zhengzhou Shengdao and the Group's land use rights with net book value of US$136,098,821 (December 31, 2014: nil)
[6]	Pursuant to the agreements with Wanxiang Trustee Co., Ltd. entered into on May 9, 2015, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Henan Quansheng, this other debt is secured by the Group's 90% equity interest in Henan Quansheng and the Group's land use rights with net book value of US$41,295,897 (December 31, 2014: nil) and Group's real estate properties under development with net book value of US$7,345,027 (December 31, 2014: nil). In addition, Wanxiang Trustee Co., Ltd. has the right to request early repayment at any time and the trust loan has been reclassified to current liabilities as of December 31, 2015.
[7]	Pursuant to the agreements with Fortress Credit Co. LLC entered into on June 9, 2014, this other long-term debt amounting to US$165 million in total with US$96.3 million utilized, is denominated in US$ and is secured by the deposit of US$29,918,940 (December 31, 2014: US$29,973,017). This deposit is classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.
[8]	Pursuant to the agreements with Kent EB-5 LLC entered into on September 23, 2014, this other long-term debt amounting to US$50 million in total, is denominated in US$ with mature dates vary from January 23, 2020 to November 23, 2020.

Other long-term debt (Maturities of Long-term Debt) (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Less: current portion of other long term debt	$ 348,594,822	$ 301,912,335
Other long-term debt	910,007,958	$ 576,204,491
Other Long-Term Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2016	182,271,775
2017	482,848,334
2018	190,519,754
2019	200,000,000
2020 and thereafter	202,962,917
Less: current portion of other long term debt	348,594,822
Other long-term debt	$ 910,007,958

Other long-term debt (Narrative) (Details) $ / shares in Units, ¥ in Billions				12 Months Ended
	Mar. 14, 2016 USD ($)	Jan. 27, 2016 USD ($)	Nov. 21, 2014 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($) shares $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2014 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2013 USD ($)	Feb. 29, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015 CNY (¥)	Dec. 06, 2013 USD ($)	Sep. 19, 2013 USD ($)	May 03, 2013 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date				Sep. 19, 2013
Maturity date				Oct. 05, 2016
Stated rate				1.60%				1.60%
Redemption price				150.00%
Fixed charge coverage ratio							2.75
Repayments of other debt				$ 17,854,351	$ 122,973,761	$ 40,000,000
Loss on extinguishment of debt				$ 0	$ 9,848,931	$ 0
Subsequent Event [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date	Mar. 14, 2016	Jan. 27, 2016
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount	$ 77,000,000	$ 107,000,000
Maturity date	Mar. 14, 2021	Jan. 27, 2021
Stated rate	7.09%	7.47%
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date				May 03, 2013
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount											$ 200,000,000
Maturity date				May 03, 2018
Stated rate				13.25%				13.25%
Debt issuance costs				$ 4,951,785
Effective interest rate				14.44%				14.44%
Ownership rate				10.00%
Fixed charge coverage ratio				3.0				3.0
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Three [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				106.625%
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Four [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				103.3125%
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				100.00%
Redemption terms				<div id='EdgarSAA123457890000' style="font-family : 'Times New Roman';"><font><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">At any time prior to May 3, 2016, the Company may at its option redeem the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to </font>100.0<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">% of the principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the redemption price of such Note on May 3, 2016, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such Note through May 3, 2016 (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the May 2018 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such Note on such redemption date.</font></font></div>
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				113.25%
Percentage of principal redeemable				35.00%
Redemption terms				<div id='EdgarSAA123457890000' style="font-family : 'Times New Roman';"><font><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">At any time prior to May 3, 2016, the Company may redeem up to </font>35<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">% of the aggregate principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of </font>one<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> or more sales of the Company's common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of </font>113.25<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">% the principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes issued on May 3, 2013 remain outstanding after each such redemption.</font></font></div>
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date				Dec. 06, 2013
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount									$ 200,000,000
Maturity date				Jun. 06, 2019
Stated rate				13.00%				13.00%
Debt issuance costs				$ 4,431,292
Effective interest rate				14.05%				14.05%
Ownership rate				10.00%
Fixed charge coverage ratio				3.0				3.0
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member] \| Subsequent Event [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed charge coverage ratio							2.75
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Three [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				106.50%
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Four [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				103.25%
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				100.00%
Redemption terms				<div id='EdgarSAA123457890000' style="font-family : 'Times New Roman';"><font><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">At any time prior to June 6, 2017, the Company may at its option redeem the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to </font>100.0<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">% of the principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the redemption price of such Note on June 6, 2017, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such Note through June 6, 2017 (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the June 2019 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such Note on such redemption date.</font></font></div>
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member] \| Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				113.00%
Percentage of principal redeemable				35.00%
Redemption terms				<div id='EdgarSAA123457890000' style="font-family : 'Times New Roman';"><font><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">At any time prior to June 6, 2017, the Company may redeem up to </font>35<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">% of the aggregate principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of the Company's common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of </font>113<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">% the principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes issued on December 6, 2013 remain outstanding after each such redemption.</font></font></div>
Convertible Note due in September 19, 2018 at 5% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date				Sep. 19, 2013
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount										$ 75,761,009
Maturity date				Sep. 19, 2018
Stated rate				5.00%				5.00%
Redemption price				150.00%
Redemption terms				<div id='EdgarSAA123457890000' style="font-family : 'Times New Roman';"><font><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Convertible Note was not redeemable in whole or in part at the option of the Company. However, upon an event of default, the holders could require the Company to redeem the Convertible Note at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) </font>150<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">% of the outstanding principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date and (ii) an amount equal to (A) the outstanding principal divided by </font>two<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, multiplied by the conversion price then in effect, times (B) the closing price of the Common Shares, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.</font></font></div>
Fixed charge coverage ratio			3.0
Debt conversion increments				$ 100,000
Initial conversion rate, per share \| $ / shares				$ 3.00
Initial conversion rate, per ADS \| $ / shares				$ 6.00
Number of shares of common stock debt is convertible into \| shares				25,253,670
Number of ADS debt is convertible into \| shares				12,626,835
Repayments of other debt			$ 86,272,849
Loss on extinguishment of debt			$ 9,848,931
Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount				$ 154,000,000				¥ 1
Maturity date				Dec. 28, 2020
Stated rate				7.50%				7.50%

Corporate aircraft capital lease (Details)	12 Months Ended
Corporate aircraft capital lease (Details)	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($) payments	Dec. 31, 2012 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2014 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maturity date	Oct. 05, 2016
Capital lease obligations, net of current maturities	$ 18,111,007		$ 23,499,642
Current maturities of capital lease obligations	3,065,612		$ 3,010,201
Total capital lease obligations	$ 21,176,619
Capital Lease Obligations [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt term	8 years
Maturity date	Sep. 15, 2021
Number of payments \| payments	32
Quarterly payment amount	$ 1,426,435
Payment for deposit on aircraft		$ 6,700,000
Effective interest rate	10.47%

Customer deposits (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Customer deposits (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Customer Deposits [Line Items]
Advances for real estate properties under development	$ 1,255,600,108	$ 1,021,782,194
Add: increase in revenue recognized in excess of amounts received from customers	18,940,748	6,346,284
Less: recognized as progress billings (see Note 4)	(1,210,089,345)	(920,965,080)
Total net balance	$ 64,451,511	$ 107,163,398
Minimum [Member]
Customer Deposits [Line Items]
Customer deposits backed by mortgage loans, percentage	40.00%
Maximum [Member]
Customer Deposits [Line Items]
Customer deposits backed by mortgage loans, percentage	80.00%

Income taxes (Income Before Taxes) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Income taxes (Income Before Taxes) (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Income taxes [Line Items]
PRC	$ 154,833,605	$ 112,781,760	$ 246,985,362
Non PRC	(35,840,702)	(33,727,777)	(36,969,248)
Income from operations before income taxes	$ 118,992,903	79,053,983	210,016,114
PRC [Member]
Income taxes [Line Items]
Corporate income tax rate (as a percent)	25.00%
Withholding tax rate on dividend distributed by domestic enterprise to foreign tax resident investors (as a percent)	10.00%
HK subsidiaries [Member]
Income taxes [Line Items]
Corporate income tax rate (as a percent)	16.50%
Assessable Income (Loss )	$ 0	0	0
US subsidiaries [Member]
Income taxes [Line Items]
Corporate income tax rate (as a percent)	42.00%
Provision for income taxes	$ 0	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	$ 12,905,812	(5,506,026)	(729,628)
Malaysia [Member]
Income taxes [Line Items]
Corporate income tax rate (as a percent)	25.00%
Provision for income taxes	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Income taxes (Income Tax Expense) (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Income taxes (Income Tax Expense) (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Income taxes [Abstract]
CIT tax expense	$ 48,523,618	$ 20,791,855	$ 68,625,597
Land Appreciation Tax ("LAT") expense	23,223,407	(3,771,248)	36,727,785
Deferred tax (benefit)/expense	(19,235,707)	13,537,011	(21,693,532)
Actual income tax expense	$ 52,511,318	$ 30,557,618	$ 83,659,850

Income taxes (CIT Reconciliation) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Income taxes (CIT Reconciliation) (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Income taxes [Abstract]
CIT at rate of 25%	$ 29,748,226	$ 19,763,496	$ 52,504,028
Tax effect of non-deductible expenses	2,028,153	6,535,308	3,490,593
Unrecognized tax benefits	(6,354,200)	(8,628,537)	5,465,293
LAT expense	23,223,407	(3,771,248)	36,727,785
CIT benefit of LAT	(5,805,852)	942,812	(9,171,919)
Changes in valuation allowance	4,274,501	0	0
International rate difference	6,075,360	10,681,232	9,089,244
Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries	3,675,156	440,464	3,500,000
Adjustment of estimated income tax accruals	(4,412,050)	3,953,417	(18,059,102)
Others	58,617	640,674	113,928
Actual income tax expense	$ 52,511,318	$ 30,557,618	$ 83,659,850

Income taxes (Unrecognized tax benefit and LAT) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Unrecognized tax benefit
Balance at January 1	$ 14,005,004	$ 16,313,513	$ 8,842,239
Additions for tax positions of current year	11,592,738	6,400,006	16,313,513
Movement in current year due to foreign exchange rate fluctuation	(313,640)	(79,978)	0
Reductions for tax positions of prior years	(3,669,272)	(4,125,703)	0
Lapse of stature of limitations	(3,772,547)	(4,502,834)	(8,842,239)
Balance at December 31	17,842,283	14,005,004	$ 16,313,513
Unrecognized tax benefits if ultimately recognized, will impact the effective tax rate	$ 1,993,721	$ 8,582,351
Minimum [Member]
Income Tax [Line Items]
LAT Progressive Rate	30.00%
Minimum [Member] \| LAT [Member]
Income Tax [Line Items]
Local tax levy rate	0.80%
Maximum [Member]
Income Tax [Line Items]
LAT Progressive Rate	60.00%
Maximum [Member] \| LAT [Member]
Income Tax [Line Items]
Local tax levy rate	1.00%

Income taxes (Deferred Tax Assets And Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Current deferred tax assets:
Tax loss carried forward	$ 9,858,503	$ 4,947,176
Accruals and provisions	6,269,775	5,554,948
Deemed interest income	14,868,874	3,276,136
Unrealized profit at consolidation	2,946,297	0
Allowance for deferred tax assets	(4,274,501)	0
Total current deferred tax assets	29,668,948	13,778,260
Current deferred tax liabilities:
Revenue recognized based on percentage of completion	(38,623,934)	(31,868,998)
Real estate properties accelerated cost deduction	(1,282,034)	(1,360,518)
Taxable temporary differences arising from business combinations and asset acquisitions	(47,409,723)	(71,705,371)
Others	(45,532)	(45,532)
Total current deferred tax liabilities	(87,361,223)	(104,980,419)
Net current deferred tax liabilities	(57,692,275)	(91,202,159)
Long-term deferred tax assets:
Tax loss carried forward	5,553,093	2,727,890
Revenue recognition of real estate lease income on a straight-line basis	8,955,776	8,767,201
Others	979,688	2,146,517
Total long-term deferred tax assets	15,488,557	13,641,608
Long-term deferred tax liabilities:
Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries	(13,500,239)	(9,825,083)
Total long-term deferred tax liabilities	(13,500,239)	(9,825,083)
Net long-term deferred tax assets	1,988,318	3,816,525
Undistributed earnings from subsidiaries	332,900,000	98,300,000
Earnings that may be remitted on a tax-free basis	197,900,000	197,900,000
Deferred tax liabilities	13,500,000	9,830,000
Remaining undistributed earnings	509,100,000	683,700,000
Unrecognized deferred tax liabilities	50,900,000	68,400,000
Subsidiaries [Member]
Long-term deferred tax liabilities:
Net operating loss carry forwards	39,400,000	19,800,000
Subsidiaries [Member] \| Foreign Tax Authority [Member]
Long-term deferred tax liabilities:
Net operating loss carry forwards	$ 9,000,000	$ 5,900,000

Share-based compensation (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Share-based compensation (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Share-based compensation	$ 4,904,626	$ 3,232,940	$ 676,303
General and Administrative Expense [Member]
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Share-based compensation	4,904,626	3,232,940	676,303
General and Administrative Expense [Member] \| Employee Stock Option [Member]
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Share-based compensation	$ 4,407,999	$ 2,736,313	$ 427,989

Share-based compensation (2007 Equity Incentive Plan, 2007 Long Term Incentive Plan, 2015 Long Term Incentive Plan and 2014 Restricted Stock Unit Plan) (Details) - USD ($)																	12 Months Ended
	Nov. 06, 2015	Sep. 30, 2015	Jul. 29, 2015	Jul. 01, 2015	Apr. 10, 2015	Feb. 26, 2015	Jun. 30, 2014	Jun. 25, 2014	May 23, 2014	Apr. 11, 2014	Nov. 08, 2013	Sep. 05, 2013	Sep. 03, 2013	Aug. 07, 2013	Jul. 01, 2013	Aug. 11, 2007	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Jun. 30, 2015	Nov. 30, 2007
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Value of shares repurchased																	$ 3,259,998	$ 7,042,725
The Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options granted																6,125,374
Minimum exercise price																$ 0.0001
Maximum exercise price																2.50
Weighted-average fair value of options granted																$ 2.67
Total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures																$ 15,564,801
Stock options granted, expiration date																Aug. 10, 2017
The Plan [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period for plan																10 months
The Plan [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period for plan																60 months
2007 Plan [Member] \| Service Condition Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options granted	200,000	200,000		1,200,000	600,000	200,000	907,000	600,000			400,000	600,000	600,000	400,000	600,000
Exercise price of options granted	$ 1.81	$ 1.39		$ 1.71	$ 1.605	$ 1.255	$ 1.21	$ 2.045			$ 3.185	$ 2.92	$ 2.86	$ 2.475	$ 2.105
Weighted-average fair value of options granted	$ 0.61	$ 0.50		$ 0.48	$ 0.52	$ 0.36	$ 0.81	$ 0.52			$ 1.03	$ 1.0	$ 0.96	$ 0.84	$ 0.72
Total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures	$ 122,109	$ 100,243		$ 577,836	$ 312,671	$ 71,853	$ 734,181	$ 311,098			$ 412,735	$ 602,604	$ 578,159	$ 337,655	$ 431,687
Vesting period for plan	36 months	36 months		36 months	36 months	36 months		36 months			36 months	36 months	36 months	36 months	36 months
Stock options granted, expiration date	Nov. 06, 2025	Sep. 30, 2025		Jul. 01, 2025	Apr. 10, 2025	Feb. 26, 2025		Jun. 25, 2024			Nov. 08, 2023	Sep. 05, 2023	Sep. 03, 2023	Aug. 07, 2023	Jul. 01, 2023
2007 Plan [Member] \| Employee Stock Option [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Recognition period																	2 years 1 month 28 days
2007 Plan [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total number of shares authorized																				10,000,000
2014 Restricted Stock Unit Plan [Member] \| Restricted Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period for plan																	3 years	3 years
Value of shares repurchased									$ 7,042,725	$ 3,259,998
Shares repurchased									4,234,884	2,076,964
Weighted average grant-date fair value of restricted shares granted																	$ 1.605	$ 2.01
2014 Restricted Stock Unit Plan [Member] \| Maximum [Member] \| Restricted Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total number of shares authorized									10,000,000
Long Term Incentive Plan 2015 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total number of shares authorized																			20,000,000
Long Term Incentive Plan 2015 [Member] \| Service Condition Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options granted			81,600	6,574,600
Exercise price of options granted			$ 1.71	$ 1.71
Weighted-average fair value of options granted			$ 0.42	$ 0.48
Total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures			$ 34,294	$ 3,165,867
Vesting period for plan			33 months	34 months
Stock options granted, expiration date			Jul. 29, 2025	Jul. 01, 2025
Long Term Incentive Plan 2015 [Member] \| Employee Stock Option [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Recognition period																	2 years 6 months

Share-based compensation (Assumptions) (Details)	12 Months Ended
Share-based compensation (Assumptions) (Details)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Non Executive Employees [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Assumed forfeiture ratios	10.00%
Management [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Assumed forfeiture ratios	0.00%
2007 Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Average risk-free rate of return		2.50%	1.43%
Expected term	6 years		6 years
Volatility rate			55.70%
Dividend yield	5.00%	5.00%	5.00%
2007 Plan [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Average risk-free rate of return	1.82%
Expected term		5 years
Volatility rate	46.30%	40.50%
2007 Plan [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Average risk-free rate of return	1.92%
Expected term		6 years
Volatility rate	55.20%	41.40%
2015 Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term	6 years
Dividend yield	5.00%
2015 Plan [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Average risk-free rate of return	1.57%
Volatility rate	55.00%
2015 Plan [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Average risk-free rate of return	1.92%
Volatility rate	55.90%

Share-based compensation (Share Option Activity - Options under the Plan) (Details) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
	Aug. 11, 2007	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Common stock, closing share price		$ 1.85
The Plan [Member]
Number of Options
Granted to employee	6,125,374
Exercised				15,124
The Plan [Member] \| 2.50 [Member]
Number of Options
Expired		0
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Expired		$ 0
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Expired		$ 0
2015 Plan [Member]
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Common stock, closing share price		$ 1.85
Total fair value of options vested		$ 639,524
2015 Plan [Member] \| 2.50 [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding		560,594
Granted to employee		0
Exercised		0
Expired		0
Forfeited/Cancelled		3,298
Outstanding		557,396	560,594
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		557,396
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding		$ 2.5
Granted to employee		0
Exercised		0
Expired		0
Forfeited/Cancelled		2.5
Outstanding		2.5	$ 2.5
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		$ 2.5
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted to employee		0 years
Exercised		0 years
Expired		0 years
Forfeited/Cancelled		0 years
Outstanding		1 year 6 months 29 days	2 years 6 months 29 days
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		1 year 6 months 29 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding		$ 0
Granted to employee		0
Exercised		0
Expired		0
Forfeited/Cancelled		0
Outstanding		0	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		$ 0
2015 Plan [Member] \| 0.0001 [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding		23,800
Outstanding		23,800	23,800
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		23,800
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding		$ 0.0001
Outstanding		0.0001	$ 0.0001
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		$ 0.0001
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding		1 year 6 months 29 days	2 years 6 months 29 days
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		1 year 6 months 29 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding		$ 28,082
Outstanding		43,909	$ 28,082
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		$ 43,909

Share-based compensation (Share Option Activity - 2007 Plan and 2015 Long Term Incentive Plan) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Common stock, closing share price	$ 1.85
2007 Plan [Member]
Number of Options
Exercised	40,000	33,000
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Total fair value of options vested	$ 633,113	$ 1,206,372	$ 430,438
2007 Plan [Member] \| Employee Stock Option [Member]
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Total unrecognized compensation cost	$ 1,133,257
Total unrecognized compensation cost, recognition period	2 years 1 month 28 days
2007 Plan [Member] \| 7.0 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	792,056
Outstanding	792,056	792,056
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	792,056
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 7.00
Outstanding	7.00	$ 7.00
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 7.00
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	1 year 9 months 29 days	2 years 9 months 29 days
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	1 year 9 months 29 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Outstanding	0	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] \| 2.975 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	180,000
Outstanding	180,000	180,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	180,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 2.975
Outstanding	2.975	$ 2.975
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 2.98
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	2 years 6 months	3 years 6 months
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	2 years 6 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Outstanding	0	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.87 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	93,334
Outstanding	93,334	93,334
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	93,334
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 1.87
Outstanding	1.87	$ 1.87
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 1.87
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	3 years 3 months	4 years 3 months
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	3 years 3 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Outstanding	0	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.21 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	860,000
Exercised	6,000
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	100,000
Outstanding	754,000	860,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	754,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 1.21
Exercised	1.21
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	1.21
Outstanding	1.21	$ 1.21
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Expired	0 years
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0 years
Outstanding	4 years 11 months 12 days	5 years 11 months 12 days
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	4 years 11 months 12 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Exercised	2,400
Expired	0
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0
Outstanding	478,790	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 478,790
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.085 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	100,000
Outstanding	100,000	100,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	100,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 1.085
Outstanding	1.085	$ 1.085
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 1.09
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	5 years 6 months	6 years 6 months
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	5 years 6 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 9,500
Outstanding	76,000	$ 9,500
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 76,000
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.64 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	300,000
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	100,000
Outstanding	200,000	300,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	200,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 1.64
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	1.64
Outstanding	1.64	$ 1.64
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 1.64
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0 years
Outstanding	6 years 10 months 13 days	7 years 10 months 13 days
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	6 years 10 months 13 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0
Outstanding	41,000	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 41,000
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.595 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	200,000
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	200,000
Outstanding	0	200,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 1.595
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	1.595
Outstanding	$ 1.60	$ 1.595
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0 years
Outstanding	6 years 10 months 13 days	7 years 10 months 13 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0
Outstanding	$ 0	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] \| 2.105 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	600,000
Outstanding	600,000	600,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	400,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 2.105
Outstanding	2.105	$ 2.105
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 2.11
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	7 years 6 months	8 years 6 months
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	7 years 6 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Outstanding	0	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] \| 2.86 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	600,000
Outstanding	600,000	600,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	400,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 2.86
Outstanding	2.86	$ 2.86
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 2.86
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	7 years 8 months 1 day	8 years 8 months 1 day
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	7 years 8 months 1 day
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Outstanding	0	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] \| 2.045 (exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	600,000
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	600,000
Outstanding	0	600,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 2.045
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	2.045
Outstanding	$ 2.045	$ 2.045
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0 years
Outstanding	8 years 5 months 23 days	9 years 5 months 23 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	$ 0
Outstanding	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.21 (exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	907,000
Exercised	17,000
Outstanding	873,000	907,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	873,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 1.21
Exercised	1.21
Outstanding	1.21	$ 1.21
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Outstanding	8 years 6 months	9 years 6 months
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	8 years 6 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Exercised	6,800
Outstanding	554,355	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 554,355
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.255(exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	200,000
Outstanding	200,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	132,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.255
Outstanding	1.255
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 1.26
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 1 month 28 days
Outstanding	9 years 1 month 28 days
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	9 years 1 month 28 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 118,000
Outstanding	118,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 77,880
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.605(exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	600,000
Outstanding	600,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.605
Outstanding	$ 1.605
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 3 months 7 days
Outstanding	9 years 3 months 7 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 144,000
Outstanding	$ 144,000
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.71(exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	1,200,000
Outstanding	1,200,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.710
Outstanding	$ 1.71
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 6 months
Outstanding	9 years 6 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 162,000
Outstanding	$ 162,000
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.39(exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	200,000
Outstanding	200,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.390
Outstanding	$ 1.39
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 9 months
Outstanding	9 years 9 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 91,000
Outstanding	$ 91,000
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.81(exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	200,000
Outstanding	200,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.810
Outstanding	$ 1.81
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 10 months 6 days
Outstanding	9 years 10 months 6 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 7,000
Outstanding	$ 7,000
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.21 (exercise price, one) [Member]
Number of Options
Exercised	2,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Exercised	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercised	$ 634
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.21 (exercise price, two) [Member]
Number of Options
Exercised	4,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Exercised	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercised	$ 1,220
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.21 (exercise price, three) [Member]
Number of Options
Exercised	2,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Exercised	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercised	$ 817
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.21 (exercise price, four) [Member]
Number of Options
Exercised	5,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Exercised	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercised	$ 1,999
2007 Plan [Member] \| 1.21 (exercise price, five) [Member]
Number of Options
Exercised	4,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Exercised	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercised	$ 1,553
2015 Plan [Member]
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Common stock, closing share price	$ 1.85
Total fair value of options vested	$ 639,524
2015 Plan [Member] \| Employee Stock Option [Member]
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Total unrecognized compensation cost	$ 2,560,637
Total unrecognized compensation cost, recognition period	2 years 6 months
2015 Plan [Member] \| 1.71(exercise price, one) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	81,600
Outstanding	81,600
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.71
Outstanding	$ 1.71
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 6 months 29 days
Outstanding	9 years 6 months 29 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 11,016
Outstanding	$ 11,016
2015 Plan [Member] \| 1.71(exercise price, two) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	6,574,600
Outstanding	6,574,600
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.71
Outstanding	$ 1.71
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 6 months
Outstanding	9 years 6 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 887,571
Outstanding	$ 887,571

Other payables and accrued liabilities (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Other payables and accrued liabilities [Abstract]
Contract deposit	$ 31,740,289	$ 22,484,500
Accrued expense	22,170,906	19,893,141
Deed tax and maintenance fund withheld for customers	13,318,504	266,382
Bidding deposit	1,881,217	1,698,002
Welfare payable	1,590,932	1,697,794
Other tax payable	701,721	8,606,598
Accrued aircraft operating expense	8,445,279	752,574
Accrued interest expense	14,178,760	11,582,212
Others	12,098,761	7,106,887
Total	$ 106,126,369	$ 74,088,090

Related party and employee transactions (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related party	$ 58,630,172	$ 125,374,349
Advances to employees	350,919	50,057
Director [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related Party Transaction, Amounts of Transaction	8,549,672	8,145,311	$ 9,690,085
Shaanxi Zhongmao Economy Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related party	45,072,727	125,374,349
Advanced to related party	146,042,251
Proceeds from related party	221,558,534
Shaanxi Zhongmao Economy Development Co., Ltd. [Member] \| Acquisitions of Land in Xi''an [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related party		104,410,477
Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real estate development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related party	10,816,284	0
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related party	$ 2,741,161	$ 0

Equity (Details) - USD ($)		9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
Equity (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 19, 2013	Sep. 19, 2013	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Dec. 28, 2015	Jul. 12, 2013
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized			500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, par value per share			$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Stock repurchase program authorized amount						$ 40,000,000	$ 60,000,000
Treasury share repurchases			$ 3,349,172	$ 17,610,787	$ 5,767,159
Treasury shares, shares	14,264,896	14,264,896	13,470,488
Treasury stock, value	$ 19,434,281	$ 19,434,281	$ 24,045,440	$ 20,696,268
Shares repurchased, average cost per share		$ 1.36
Number of shares issued	12,000,000
Proceeds from issuance of common shares	$ 32,880,000
Dividends per share			$ 0.025	$ 0.025	$ 0.025
Distribution of dividends to common shareholders			$ 14,751,704	$ 15,288,919	$ 14,724,740
Shares repurchased under plan			2,076,964	4,234,884
Total cost of shares repurchased for RSU Plan			$ 3,259,998	$ 7,042,725	$ 0
Treasury Shares [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Treasury share repurchases, shares			2,179,902	9,025,690	2,629,716
Treasury share repurchases			$ 3,349,172	$ 17,610,787	$ 5,767,159
The Plan [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Exercise of share options, shares					15,124
Options exercised, price					$ 2.5
2007 Plan [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Exercise of share options, shares			40,000	33,000
Options exercised, price			$ 1.21	$ 1.21
2007 Plan [Member] \| Exercise Price One [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Exercise of share options, shares					406,666
Options exercised, price					$ 1.87
2007 Plan [Member] \| Exercise Price Two [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Exercise of share options, shares					200,000
Options exercised, price					$ 1.8
2007 Plan [Member] \| Exercise Price Three [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Exercise of share options, shares					4,082,020
Options exercised, price					$ 1.21

Earnings per share (Details) - USD ($)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Dec. 31, 2014

Dec. 31, 2013

Numerator:

Net income

$ 66,482,107

$ 48,515,730

$ 126,356,264

Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders - basic

66,482,107

48,515,730

126,356,264

Interest expense associated with the Convertible Note

2,690,572

798,984

Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders - diluted

$ 66,482,107

$ 51,206,302

$ 127,155,248

Denominator:

Number of shares outstanding, basic

^[1]

142,625,427

151,935,765

145,733,028

Convertible Note (Note 12)

24,561,789

2,038,808

Stock options

348,603

620,681

1,692,720

Restricted stock units

3,513,919

Number of shares outstanding-diluted

146,487,949

177,118,235

149,464,556

Basic earnings per share

$ 0.47

$ 0.32

$ 0.87

Diluted earnings per share

$ 0.45

$ 0.29

$ 0.85

Employee Stock Option [Member]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]

Anti-dilutive shares

11,878,986

4,086,084

1,123,723

[1]

Segment reporting (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Segment reporting (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	$ 1,134,466,776	$ 892,825,892	$ 874,926,633
Real estate lease income	6,573,263	4,936,186	5,989,766
Other revenue	23,283,959	21,985,595	16,821,657
Total revenue	1,164,323,998	919,747,673	897,738,056
Cost of real estate sales	(866,242,863)	(650,573,170)	(590,935,635)
Cost of real estate lease income	(3,956,322)	(3,173,215)	(1,596,231)
Other costs	(21,134,707)	(23,835,732)	(6,208,324)
Total costs of revenue	(891,333,892)	(677,582,117)	(598,740,190)
Gross profit	272,990,106	242,165,556	298,997,866
Operating expenses	(167,455,085)	(145,116,061)	(85,222,487)
Operating income	105,535,021	97,049,495	213,775,379
Interest income	24,503,736	14,577,322	11,681,487
Interest expense	(20,281,416)	(28,200,767)	(16,862,532)
Net realized gain on short-term investments	603,078	3,128,014	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	2,234,635	(1,691,897)	(117,188)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	(9,848,931)	0
Exchange gains	403,286	706,108	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	49,443	122,033	0
Other operating income/expense	5,945,120	3,212,606	1,538,968
Income from operations before income taxes	118,992,903	79,053,983	210,016,114
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(52,511,318)	(30,557,618)	(83,659,850)
Net income	66,481,585	48,496,365	126,356,264
Depreciation and amortization	8,751,664	6,998,122	3,137,122
Capital expenditure	39,125,572	18,695,933	100,099,135
Equity investment	0	0	5,967,905
Real estate properties held for sale	0	1,185,217	5,524,041
Real estate properties development completed	24,076,559	12,308,999	21,260,288
Real estate properties under development	1,887,321,801	1,714,575,052	932,518,706
Real estate properties held for lease	71,132,582	69,223,748	60,410,181
Total long-lived assets	298,423,722	161,067,575	137,571,642
Total assets	3,561,387,439	3,231,526,234	2,382,099,592
Henan [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	251,681,188	310,236,873	378,087,120
Real estate lease income	4,484,591	2,991,909	2,098,415
Other revenue	1,396,463	110,500	242,368
Total revenue	257,562,242	313,339,282	380,427,903
Cost of real estate sales	(160,197,316)	(210,789,926)	(225,443,661)
Cost of real estate lease income	(2,202,367)	(2,574,534)	(1,602,225)
Other costs	160,449	(1,804,955)	3,553,561
Total costs of revenue	(162,239,234)	(215,169,415)	(223,492,325)
Gross profit	95,323,008	98,169,867	156,935,578
Operating expenses	(51,882,922)	(58,981,130)	(39,956,831)
Operating income	43,440,086	39,188,737	116,978,747
Interest income	23,284,854	10,797,806	9,121,573
Interest expense	21,612,239	(471,635)	(778,032)
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	3,128,014
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	2,234,635	(1,691,897)	(117,188)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	403,286	706,108
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	120,146
Other operating income/expense	0	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	90,975,100	51,777,279	125,205,100
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(16,234,099)	1,897,892	(46,673,642)
Net income	74,741,001	53,675,171	78,531,458
Depreciation and amortization	5,569,343	5,056,099	1,903,564
Capital expenditure	4,249,718	6,317,246	6,672,173
Equity investment			5,967,905
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	4,775,131	10,174,728	665,410
Real estate properties under development	313,105,983	122,442,706	190,143,709
Real estate properties held for lease	42,511,937	45,892,107	48,011,607
Total long-lived assets	221,202,024	91,997,422	106,014,797
Total assets	1,064,084,941	868,110,770	928,034,862
Shandong [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	186,222,554	192,437,765	290,511,011
Real estate lease income	202,892	218,320	196,596
Other revenue	30,659	110,166	84,040
Total revenue	186,456,105	192,766,251	290,791,647
Cost of real estate sales	(149,867,847)	(146,862,778)	(220,570,567)
Cost of real estate lease income	(285,974)	29,388	(129,059)
Other costs	(376,070)	(1,303,518)	(512)
Total costs of revenue	(150,529,891)	(148,136,908)	(220,700,138)
Gross profit	35,926,214	44,629,343	70,091,509
Operating expenses	(13,528,548)	(8,891,116)	(6,925,944)
Operating income	22,397,666	35,738,227	63,165,565
Interest income	237,687	903,353	749,616
Interest expense	0	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	0	3,212,606	0
Income from operations before income taxes	22,635,353	39,854,186	63,915,181
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(9,901,175)	(9,997,111)	(13,936,301)
Net income	12,734,178	29,857,075	49,978,880
Depreciation and amortization	400,733	255,701	147,053
Capital expenditure	172,853	187,745	184,084
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	778,376	555,797
Real estate properties under development	275,709,393	230,512,631	37,201,975
Real estate properties held for lease	4,487,714	5,053,480	3,602,956
Total long-lived assets	6,683,031	7,323,161	4,694,369
Total assets	457,041,948	501,351,668	314,799,152
Jiangsu [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	371,469,943	175,960,358	186,224,891
Real estate lease income	0	651	576,457
Other revenue	308,026	57,357	479,202
Total revenue	371,777,969	176,018,366	187,280,550
Cost of real estate sales	(305,417,991)	(138,838,903)	(135,087,692)
Cost of real estate lease income	(1,416,157)	(575,529)	(323,012)
Other costs	(641,646)	(391,538)	3,359,189
Total costs of revenue	(307,475,794)	(139,805,970)	(132,051,515)
Gross profit	64,302,175	36,212,396	55,229,035
Operating expenses	(15,826,805)	(12,928,183)	(11,766,051)
Operating income	48,475,370	23,284,213	43,462,984
Interest income	442,560	471,254	216,008
Interest expense	0	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	0	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	48,917,930	23,755,467	43,678,992
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(32,061)	(3,452,056)	(16,640,499)
Net income	48,885,869	20,303,411	27,038,493
Depreciation and amortization	1,542,209	684,087	548,699
Capital expenditure	31,524	175,551	91,784,366
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	19,301,428	1,069,768	19,244,890
Real estate properties under development	307,172,930	476,026,887	441,295,792
Real estate properties held for lease	23,416,217	17,464,831	7,712,857
Total long-lived assets	27,947,425	23,139,244	12,200,324
Total assets	655,880,819	642,378,579	482,414,252
Anhui [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales			0
Real estate lease income			0
Other revenue			0
Total revenue			0
Cost of real estate sales			0
Cost of real estate lease income			0
Other costs			0
Total costs of revenue			0
Gross profit			0
Operating expenses			(12,908)
Operating income			(12,908)
Interest income			129
Interest expense			0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee			0
Other operating income/expense			0
Income from operations before income taxes			(12,779)
Income tax benefit /(expense)			(40,107)
Net income			(52,886)
Depreciation and amortization			52,166
Capital expenditure			0
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale			0
Real estate properties development completed			287,165
Real estate properties under development			0
Real estate properties held for lease			846,903
Total long-lived assets			847,318
Total assets			9,494,401
Sichuan [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	36,372,298	9,912,254	13,489,121
Real estate lease income	0	0	0
Other revenue	80,142	29,585	183,026
Total revenue	36,452,440	9,941,839	13,672,147
Cost of real estate sales	(32,313,894)	(9,125,435)	(3,107,736)
Cost of real estate lease income	0	0	0
Other costs	(3,615)	(16,975)	(56,418)
Total costs of revenue	(32,317,509)	(9,142,410)	(3,164,154)
Gross profit	4,134,931	799,429	10,507,993
Operating expenses	(3,672,935)	(3,229,614)	(936,011)
Operating income	461,996	(2,430,185)	9,571,982
Interest income	18,752	8,312	11,819
Interest expense	0	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	0	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	480,748	(2,421,873)	9,583,801
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(1,344,687)	681,784	(2,749,642)
Net income	(863,939)	(1,740,089)	6,834,159
Depreciation and amortization	64,082	38,685	3,652
Capital expenditure	0	296,976	0
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	0	507,026
Real estate properties under development	223,653,822	213,243,863	0
Real estate properties held for lease	0	0	0
Total long-lived assets	9,036,881	10,904,402	1,649,862
Total assets	206,485,216	125,561,644	88,642,444
Beijing [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	166,775,534	188,579,891	0
Real estate lease income	0	0	0
Other revenue	318,271	11,717	0
Total revenue	167,093,805	188,591,608	0
Cost of real estate sales	(118,868,527)	(133,519,235)	0
Cost of real estate lease income	0	0	0
Other costs	(835,555)	(364,326)	0
Total costs of revenue	(119,704,082)	(133,883,561)	0
Gross profit	47,389,723	54,708,047	0
Operating expenses	(32,178,776)	(27,689,927)	(6,670,853)
Operating income	15,210,947	27,018,120	(6,670,853)
Interest income	331,042	375,674	736,400
Interest expense	0	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	1,887
Other operating income/expense	0	0	1,538,968
Income from operations before income taxes	15,541,989	27,395,681	(4,395,485)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(13,479,368)	(18,646,689)	1,212,316
Net income	2,062,621	8,748,992	(3,183,169)
Depreciation and amortization	515,150	446,531	311,673
Capital expenditure	33,952,563	57,767	936,906
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	0	0
Real estate properties under development	62,561,492	124,555,677	198,205,122
Real estate properties held for lease	0	0	0
Total long-lived assets	6,958,865	3,896,449	1,664,134
Total assets	346,527,256	427,431,672	184,288,291
Hainan [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	3,534,278	6,526,065
Real estate lease income	0	0
Other revenue	8,157	391
Total revenue	3,542,435	6,526,456
Cost of real estate sales	(2,337,677)	(4,137,467)
Cost of real estate lease income	0	0
Other costs	(324)	(17)
Total costs of revenue	(2,338,001)	(4,137,484)
Gross profit	1,204,434	2,388,972
Operating expenses	(6,617,557)	(3,855,809)
Operating income	(5,413,123)	(1,466,837)
Interest income	3,968	4,974
Interest expense	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	4,677,244	0
Income from operations before income taxes	(731,911)	(1,461,863)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	163,491	(737,457)
Net income	(568,420)	(2,199,320)
Depreciation and amortization	208,486	95,456
Capital expenditure	127,550	698,842
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	0
Real estate properties under development	101,059,710	80,188,420
Real estate properties held for lease	0	0
Total long-lived assets	553,186	690,086
Total assets	135,047,439	52,944,306
Hunan [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	42,191,276	4,109,978
Real estate lease income	0	0
Other revenue	2,332	244
Total revenue	42,193,608	4,110,222
Cost of real estate sales	(30,095,959)	(3,632,997)
Cost of real estate lease income	0	0
Other costs	0	(32,560)
Total costs of revenue	(30,095,959)	(3,665,557)
Gross profit	12,097,649	444,665
Operating expenses	(5,090,601)	(3,234,163)
Operating income	7,007,048	(2,789,498)
Interest income	45,592	16,913
Interest expense	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	7,052,640	(2,772,585)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(5,634,909)	(543,422)
Net income	1,417,731	(3,316,007)
Depreciation and amortization	76,304	24,944
Capital expenditure	146,074	242,276
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	0
Real estate properties under development	157,166,855	145,738,966
Real estate properties held for lease	0	0
Total long-lived assets	468,620	528,484
Total assets	110,988,357	99,029,288
Shanghai [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	70,058,447	0
Real estate lease income	0	0
Other revenue	0	0
Total revenue	70,058,447	0
Cost of real estate sales	(62,366,015)	0
Cost of real estate lease income	0	0
Other costs	0	0
Total costs of revenue	(62,366,015)	0
Gross profit	7,692,432	0
Operating expenses	(4,346,174)	(2,353,439)
Operating income	3,346,258	(2,353,439)
Interest income	134,580	9,647
Interest expense	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	3,480,838	(2,343,792)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(1,259,900)	(505,771)
Net income	2,220,938	(2,849,563)
Depreciation and amortization	83,175	35,727
Capital expenditure	0	371,198
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	0
Real estate properties under development	155,309,860	192,275,659
Real estate properties held for lease	0	0
Total long-lived assets	391,481	761,721
Total assets	128,502,762	197,356,138
Tianjin [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	4,631,258
Other revenue	1,333
Total revenue	4,632,591
Cost of real estate sales	(3,534,525)
Cost of real estate lease income	0
Other costs	(8,424)
Total costs of revenue	(3,542,949)
Gross profit	1,089,642
Operating expenses	(10,002,768)
Operating income	(8,913,126)
Interest income	2,966
Interest expense	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0
Exchange gains	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0
Other operating income/expense	0
Income from operations before income taxes	(8,910,160)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	1,739,065
Net income	(7,171,095)
Depreciation and amortization	3,839
Capital expenditure	52,401
Real estate properties held for sale	0
Real estate properties development completed	0
Real estate properties under development	57,207,564
Real estate properties held for lease	0
Total long-lived assets	751,519
Total assets	19,201,186
United States [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	1,530,000	4,921,331	6,614,490
Real estate lease income	0	0	0
Other revenue	0	0	15,520
Total revenue	1,530,000	4,921,331	6,630,010
Cost of real estate sales	(1,243,112)	(4,643,722)	(6,002,345)
Cost of real estate lease income	0	0	0
Other costs	0	0	(550)
Total costs of revenue	(1,243,112)	(4,643,722)	(6,002,895)
Gross profit	286,888	277,609	627,115
Operating expenses	(4,971,109)	(5,783,635)	(1,359,841)
Operating income	(4,684,221)	(5,506,026)	(732,726)
Interest income	0	0	3,098
Interest expense	17,587,083	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	2,950	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	12,905,812	(5,506,026)	(729,628)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	2,825,203	2,243,056	(44,335)
Net income	15,731,015	(3,262,970)	(773,963)
Depreciation and amortization	50,985	147,349	174
Capital expenditure	136,065	10,130,497	116,597
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale	0	1,185,217	5,524,041
Real estate properties development completed	0	0	0
Real estate properties under development	226,208,448	119,947,878	65,672,108
Real estate properties held for lease	0	0	0
Total long-lived assets	13,009,709	11,488,178	113,296
Total assets	166,888,356	36,990,997	6,530,771
Others [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	0	141,377	0
Real estate lease income	1,885,780	1,725,306	3,118,298
Other revenue	21,138,576	21,665,635	15,817,501
Total revenue	23,024,356	23,532,318	18,935,799
Cost of real estate sales	0	977,293	(723,634)
Cost of real estate lease income	(51,824)	(52,540)	458,065
Other costs	(19,429,522)	(19,921,843)	(13,063,594)
Total costs of revenue	(19,481,346)	(18,997,090)	(13,329,163)
Gross profit	3,543,010	4,535,228	5,606,636
Operating expenses	(19,336,890)	(18,169,045)	(17,594,048)
Operating income	(15,793,880)	(13,633,817)	(11,987,412)
Interest income	1,735	1,989,389	842,844
Interest expense	(59,480,738)	(27,729,132)	(16,084,500)
Net realized gain on short-term investments	603,078	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	(9,848,931)
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	49,443	0
Other operating income/expense	1,264,926	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	(73,355,436)	(49,222,491)	(27,229,068)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(9,352,878)	(1,497,844)	(4,787,640)
Net income	(82,708,314)	(50,720,335)	(32,016,708)
Depreciation and amortization	237,358	213,543	170,141
Capital expenditure	256,824	217,835	405,009
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	286,127	0
Real estate properties under development	8,165,744	9,642,365	0
Real estate properties held for lease	716,714	813,330	235,858
Total long-lived assets	11,420,981	10,338,428	10,387,542
Total assets	$ 270,739,159	$ 280,371,172	$ 367,895,419

Commitments and contingencies (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Commitments and contingencies (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Operating lease commitments
2016	$ 3,113,503
2017	1,732,005
2018	1,326,668
2019	781,985
2020	562,477
2021 and thereafter	143,218
Total	7,659,856
Capital lease commitments
2016	5,106,207
2017	5,106,207
2018	5,106,207
2019	5,106,207
2020 and thereafter	7,659,311
Total minimum lease payments	28,084,139
Less interest	(6,907,520)
Capital lease obligations	21,176,619
Less current maturities of capital lease obligations	(3,065,612)	$ (3,010,201)
Long-term capital lease obligations	18,111,007	23,499,642
Other commitments
2016	237,174,797
2017	154,945,910
2018	35,408,090
2019	34,442,583
2020 and thereafter	0
Total	461,971,380
Domestic Tax Authority [Member] \| Zhengzhou Modern City [Member]
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Estimated amount for the contingency	16,200,000
Financial Guarantee [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Aggregate amount of guarantee	1,513,664,015	1,305,598,342
Payments to satisfy guarantee obligations	$ 555,969	$ 1,478,386	$ 359,551

Concentration of risk (Details)	12 Months Ended
Concentration of risk (Details)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Concentration of risk [Abstract]
Exchange rate appreciation			2.90%
Exchange rate appreciation (depreciation)	4.40%	2.40%

Accumulated other comprehensive income (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Dec. 31, 2012
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance	$ 104,557,008
Ending balance	30,951,837	$ 104,557,008
Unrealized gain associated with the available for sale securities reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to net income as a result of the disposal of available-for-sale securities	146,929
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance	104,557,008	107,910,960	$ 82,000,020	$ 79,859,172
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(73,605,171)	(3,353,952)	25,910,940	2,140,848
Ending balance	$ 30,951,837	$ 104,557,008	$ 107,910,960	$ 82,000,020

- Definition

Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.

+ References + Details

Non-controlling interests (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Non-controlling interests	$ 18,819	$ 19,440
Beijing Economy Cooperation Ruifeng Investment Co., Ltd. [Member]
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)	10.00%
Non-controlling interests	$ 18,819	19,392
Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)	20.00%
Non-controlling interests	$ 0	$ 48

Subsequent events (Details) ¥ in Millions, $ in Millions							12 Months Ended
Subsequent events (Details) ¥ in Millions, $ in Millions	Mar. 14, 2016 USD ($)	Feb. 18, 2016 USD ($)	Feb. 18, 2016 CNY (¥)	Jan. 27, 2016 USD ($)	Jan. 14, 2016 USD ($)	Jan. 14, 2016 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2015	Mar. 05, 2015
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Debt issuance date							Sep. 19, 2013
Maturity date							Oct. 05, 2016
Stated rate							1.60%
Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Stated rate								10.984%
Subsequent Event [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Payments to acquire parcel of land					$ 57.5
Debt issuance date	Mar. 14, 2016			Jan. 27, 2016
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount	$ 77.0			$ 107.0
Maturity date	Mar. 14, 2021			Jan. 27, 2021
Stated rate	7.09%			7.47%
Subsequent Event [Member] \| Henan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Henan Quansheng") [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Payments to acquire parcel of land					$ 64.0	¥ 420.3
Subsequent Event [Member] \| Henan Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Payments to acquire parcel of land		$ 104.0	¥ 679.2

Condensed financial information of the Company (Condensed Balance Sheet) (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Sep. 19, 2013	Dec. 31, 2012
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 387,528,092	$ 140,494,754	$ 587,119,126		$ 496,204,796
Other deposits and prepayments	254,048,288	152,289,464
Other current assets	200,891	139,043
Total current assets	3,262,963,717	3,070,458,659
Other assets	14,944,179	10,581,865
Deferred charges	12,504,255	16,677,352
TOTAL ASSETS	3,561,387,439	3,231,526,234	2,382,099,592
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Short-term bank loan	222,226,246	293,449,741
PRC income tax payable	106,034,490	62,429,274
PRC other tax payable	701,721	8,606,598
Other payables and accrued liabilities	106,126,369	74,088,090
Payroll and welfare payable	22,966,053	18,456,857
Other long-term debt due within one year	348,594,822	301,912,335
Total current liabilities	1,650,882,568	1,592,632,813
Other long-term debt	910,007,958	576,204,491
Total liabilities	2,625,435,837	2,270,914,541
Shareholders' equity
Common shares, $0.0001 par value: Authorized-500,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding-144,879,900 shares for 2015 (2014: 147,019,802 shares)	15,835	15,831
Treasury shares	(24,045,440)	(20,696,268)		$ (19,434,281)
Additional paid-in capital	531,233,336	530,670,112
Total Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders' equity	935,970,421	960,631,133
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	$ 3,561,387,439	$ 3,231,526,234
Common Stock:
Common stock, par value per share	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	142,802,936	147,019,802
Common stock, shares outstanding	142,802,936	147,019,802
Parent Company [Member]
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,295,835	$ 4,392,766	$ 231,652,719		$ 3,761,752
Other deposits and prepayments	2,389,045	1,774,032
Other current assets	28	233,474
Due from subsidiaries	592,565,997	585,756,827
Total current assets	596,250,905	592,157,099
Other assets	0	0
Deferred charges	8,154,290	7,428,245
Investments in subsidiaries	962,901,445	900,701,691
TOTAL ASSETS	1,567,306,640	1,500,287,035
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Short-term bank loan	222,226,246	130,024,345
PRC income tax payable	13,388	13,388
PRC other tax payable	902,190	902,190
Other payables and accrued liabilities	8,194,395	8,715,979
Payroll and welfare payable	0	0
Other long-term debt due within one year	0	0
Total current liabilities	231,336,219	139,655,902
Other long-term debt	400,000,000	400,000,000
Total liabilities	631,336,219	539,655,902
Shareholders' equity
Common shares, $0.0001 par value: Authorized-500,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding-144,879,900 shares for 2015 (2014: 147,019,802 shares)	15,835	15,831
Treasury shares	(24,045,440)	(20,696,268)
Additional paid-in capital	531,233,336	530,670,112
Retained earnings	428,766,690	450,641,458
Total Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders' equity	935,970,421	960,631,133
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	$ 1,567,306,640	$ 1,500,287,035
Common Stock:
Common stock, par value per share	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	144,879,900	147,019,802
Common stock, shares outstanding	144,879,900	147,019,802

Condensed financial information of the Company (Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Sales tax	$ (67,023,202)	$ (53,185,957)	$ (52,090,833)
General and administrative expenses	(115,329,011)	(105,622,486)	(64,498,306)
Operating income	105,535,021	97,049,495	213,775,379
Interest expense	(20,281,416)	(28,200,767)	(16,862,532)
Interest income	24,503,736	14,577,322	11,681,487
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	(9,848,931)	0
Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net	2,234,635	(1,691,897)	(117,188)
Income from operations before income taxes	118,992,903	79,053,983	210,016,114
Income taxes	(52,511,318)	(30,557,618)	(83,659,850)
Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders	66,482,107	48,515,730	126,356,264
Other comprehensive income, net of tax of nil
Comprehensive income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders	(7,123,064)	45,161,778	152,267,204
Other comprehensive income, tax effect	0	0	0
Parent Company [Member]
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Sales tax	0	0	0
General and administrative expenses	(10,301,067)	(8,860,382)	(16,494,847)
Operating income	(10,301,067)	(8,860,382)	(16,494,847)
Interest expense	(58,576,635)	(58,515,706)	(24,635,780)
Interest income	3,533	1,289,907	749,408
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	(9,848,931)	0
Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net	135,356,276	124,450,842	166,737,483
Income from operations before income taxes	66,482,107	48,515,730	126,356,264
Income taxes	0	0	0
Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders	66,482,107	48,515,730	126,356,264
Other comprehensive income, net of tax of nil
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(73,605,171)	(3,353,952)	25,910,940
Comprehensive income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders	(7,123,064)	45,161,778	152,267,204
Other comprehensive income, tax effect	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Condensed financial information of the Company (Condensed Statements of Cash Flows) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 66,481,585	$ 48,496,365	$ 126,356,264
Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net	(2,234,635)	1,691,897	117,188
Stock based compensation expense	3,774,826	2,736,313	427,989
Amortization of deferred financing cost	2,378,767	1,620,695	640,565
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	9,848,931	0
Other deposits and prepayments	(114,766,016)	(48,556,579)	(50,252,524)
Other current assets	656,158	(138,513)	162,309
Other assets	(4,328,591)	(4,427,986)	(305,640)
Other payable and accrued liabilities	38,869,980	842,663	(40,364,427)
Payroll and welfare payables	5,791,340	(1,142,361)	9,604,240
Accrued interest	0	0	(1,352,000)
Net cash used in operating activities	(4,535,075)	(884,314,436)	(213,324,143)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from short-term bank loans	584,233,410	483,446,420	80,831,640
Repayments of short-term bank loans	(576,757,761)	(63,657,978)	(269,462,794)
Proceeds from other long-term debts	485,351,457	175,592,700	608,703,539
Repayment of other long-term debts	(17,854,351)	(122,973,761)	(40,000,000)
Issuance of treasury shares	0	0	32,792,232
Purchase of treasury shares	(3,349,172)	(17,610,787)	(5,767,159)
Dividends to shareholders	(14,751,703)	(15,288,919)	(14,724,740)
Deferred charges	(3,104,812)	(10,649,965)	(9,585,309)
Purchase of shares under RSU plan	(3,259,998)	(7,042,725)	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	(9,848,931)	0
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	48,400	1,080,530	5,060,918
Net cash provided by financing activities	306,282,098	455,065,629	393,912,695
Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of year	140,494,754	587,119,126	496,204,796
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, AT END OF YEAR	387,528,092	140,494,754	587,119,126
Parent Company [Member]
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	66,482,107	48,515,730	126,356,264
Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net	(135,356,276)	(124,450,842)	(166,737,483)
Accretion of long-term debt	0	0	288,220
Stock based compensation expense	3,326,175	1,912,471	160,549
Amortization of deferred financing cost	2,378,767	1,620,695	640,565
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	9,848,931	0
Other deposits and prepayments	(615,013)	10,916,056	(12,690,088)
Other current assets	233,446	45,434	(278,908)
Other assets	0	0	98,294
Other payable and accrued liabilities	(521,582)	(737,739)	8,081,370
Payroll and welfare payables	0	(5,149,011)	5,149,011
Accrued interest	0	0	(1,352,000)
Net cash used in operating activities	(64,072,376)	(57,478,275)	(40,284,206)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Changes in due from a subsidiary	(6,809,170)	(140,334,182)	(150,361,777)
Proceeds from short-term bank loans	207,805,203	130,024,345	45,000,000
Repayments of short-term bank loans	(115,603,302)	(35,000,000)	(70,000,000)
Proceeds from other long-term debts	0	0	475,761,009
Repayment of other long-term debts	0	(75,761,009)	(40,000,000)
Issuance of treasury shares	0	0	32,792,232
Purchase of treasury shares	(3,349,172)	(17,610,787)	(5,767,160)
Dividends to shareholders	(14,751,704)	(15,288,919)	(14,724,740)
Deferred charges	(3,104,812)	0	(9,585,309)
Purchase of shares under RSU plan	(3,259,998)	(7,042,725)	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	(9,848,931)	0
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	48,400	1,080,530	5,060,918
Net cash provided by financing activities	60,975,445	(169,781,678)	268,175,173
Net increase/ (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(3,096,931)	(227,259,953)	227,890,967
Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of year	4,392,766	231,652,719	3,761,752
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, AT END OF YEAR	$ 1,295,835	$ 4,392,766	$ 231,652,719

Condensed financial information of the Company (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Stated rate	1.60%
Parent Company [Member]
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Due from subsidiary	$ 521,416,425	$ 525,946,603
Parent Company [Member] \| XIN Development Group International Inc. [Member] \| Parent Company [Member]
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Due from subsidiary	71,149,572	59,810,224
Loan facility, maximum borrowing amount	$ 50,000,000
Stated rate	17.50%
Accrued interest	$ 22,047,693	10,708,345
Subsidiaries [Member]
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Amounts restricted including paid-in capital and statutory reserves	$ 387,450,518	$ 379,829,487